"Njati" - hovercraft. Small ankafika hovercraft ntchito 12322

Asilikali - wapadera wa asilikali. Iwo ayenera kuchita ankafika pa malo osakonzekera mwa nyanja, kumene palibe munthu akuyembekezera. Zinthu zimene kuonetsetsa chigonjetso, mndandanda wautali. kudabwa nazo, liwiro yobereka malo ndegeyo, chozemba ndi luso kupeza mphamvu moto thandizo. Childs, ankafika pa imagwiridwa ntchito ankafika zombo, zida ndi ndiziwunda kapena ntchito wothandiza pantchitoyo. Koma Russian Asilikali ndi njira zina, amene mulibe asilikali ena alionse pa dziko lapansi. zombo ntchito "Zubr" silingakhoze kokha kupanga ikamatera, komanso kusuntha pa dziko, mosaganizira za chikhalidwe cha nthaka, kuyendetsa galimoto moto ndi kufalikira chipwirikiti pakati pa adani.

The zatsopano loyamba

Chinsinsi ichi ndi zonse mtunda ndi kuposa akafuna choyambirira zoyendera. The injini zamphamvu kulenga pansi chotengera overpressure, ndipo amaundana pa msinkhu anakonzeratu. Ganizo unachokera mu makumi mochedwa, Soviet injiniya Levkova, amene ankagwira ntchito pa Novocherkassk doko la zombo zapanyanja. Iwo anamanga zinachitika dzina la mlembi wa polojekiti "Levkov-1" (N-1), koma, ngakhale chiyembekezo zoonekeratu, anabwera "osati ku khoti." Pakati theka lachiwiri la mmasate motsindika makamaka pa karate njira za makolo, ndi spores anali pakati pa "apakavalo" ndi "mathanki." Voterani lingaliro wanzeru zinali aliyense. Ntchito anapotoloka, anakumbukira iwo okha 50s, pamene nzeru Soviet atamva ofanana chitukuko kumadzulo.

Kulengedwa "Daimondi" Bureau analamula chilengedwe cha ankafika luso lapadera. Zombo Zankhondo Tonnage (Nkhondo, cruisers) ndiye kusema zitsulo zotha ntchito, ndi utsogoleri dziko mu nkhope ya N. S. Hruscheva ankakonda ntchito zachilendo, chosintha ndi wosangalatsa. Ndipo ngati anali mwana woyamba wa "Almaz" - "otsetsereka" ndi kudalirana wa achule ndi maboti anasiya doko ndi zaka zao za sikisite oyambirira. Isanafike cocking sitima chotengera ndi choti kuti ndegeyo mfundo ndi yachangu liwiro sitima (90 km / h). A m'banja la chozizwitsa cha luso anali "Zubr" hovercraft.

Njira mfundo za ankafika

Galimoto ali ndi matayala kapena inamva galimotoyo, ikhoza kusunthidwa dziko ndi kugonjetsa zopinga, koma mavuto ro zosiyanasiyana yochepa. Pali oti muli nazo zida hardware omwe mwina tiwolokere, koma kutumiza khalidwe lawo zambiri osati kulingana ndi maganizo oti "Sitima", iwo pang'onopang'ono ndiponso osatetezeka patsogolo pa khomo gombe. Pali Zombo Zankhondo, cholinga chapadera, kuti mayendedwe ndi ndegeyo, monga gawo la zimenezi magalimoto angapo oti muli nazo zida ndiponso anthu. Maboti amenewa amakhalanso ndi kuipa kwake, iwo chifukwa cha wosakwiya ukusuntha, chifukwa ntchito bwino ntchito nkhondowo iwo akusowa banki zoyenera. 14 Only% Magombe oyenera ankafika ndi MDC (chidule zikutanthauza yaing'ono ankafika m'chombo) dewatering mtundu kwambiri akuyandikira ndi kutsegula limbikitsa.

Pali mfundo ina anayamba masiku ano. Izi ankafika-kaja. Kwenikweni ake kwagona kuti chombo chachikulu ali kutali ndi nyanja, ndi yobereka magalimoto oti muli nazo zida ikuchitika ndi wapadera kudziletsa injini mabwato ang'onoang'ono. Ndi kukonzekera chotero akuponya ndege kalasi "Mistral". Anabzala mu njira iyi tingathe, ndithudi, okha kwathunthu ulamuliro dziko, mpweya ndi madzi. Kodi n'chiyani chidzachitikire ndi asilikali ngati mdani ali ndi njira Kulimbana (machitidwe m'mphepete mwa nyanja chitetezo, mwachitsanzo), inu mosavuta kulingalira. Iye ndi kutumikira monga chakudya cha nsomba.

Tikufika luso "Zubr" mwamsanga, iye sakhala pa gombe, firepower ake paokha kuopseza chitetezo cha mdani. Ambiri, ndi pafupifupi njira yabwino ndegeyo. Zimakhala umalimbikitsa kuti 78 peresenti ya dziko m'madzi komanso nyanja gombe.

nyumba

Pomanga zotsogola maofesi m'madzi ankafika mu dziko zochokera yopanga ndi kafukufuku m'munsi, olengedwa mwa CB "Almaz". Mu makumi asanu ndi awiri madzulo shipbuilders Soviet zinakuchitikiranipo yomanga hovercrafts ( "nyamayi", "otsetsereka" ndi zina ankafika luso). anatsimikizira KVP "Adelia" (ntchito nambala 12321) opambana kwambiri. chitukuko anayamba kutsatira dongosolo malamulo 12322 "Zubr". Main zimakhudza nyumba yomanga aumbike monga pontoon amakona anayi (57,3 L × 25,6 W × 21,9 H, m), amene yakwera ndi superstructure Zikatero, ogaŵikana atatu zipinda longitudinally zochokera. Ndi magwiridwe chapakati katundu malo mbali limene pali mayunitsi mphamvu, ogwira malo ndi mayunitsi kusamutsidwa, ndondomeko zotchinjiriza, kuonetsetsa ntchito yofunika (kuphatikizapo pa nkhani ya zida zoopsa). Malo ndodo ndipo tidakocheza machitidwe zili ndi mpweya, mpweya, Kutentha, phokoso, ndipo insulated. Pali zida chakudya.

thupi la welded luso, chuma - mkulu-mphamvu nonmagnetic zotayidwa-mankhwala enaake a aloyi wa zonyamula dzimbiri.

Ganizo Kamangidwe ali mlengi mkulu wa polojekiti Koronatova GD

Mbali magetsi

actuators kulamulira - zovuta. Russian Zombo Zankhondo mitundu wamba chifukwa cha injini chopangira mphamvu, kupatulapo sitima zankhondo, ndi zomangira amene akuvutika pa Motors magetsi. dongosolo mphamvu MDC "The njati" unapangidwa bungwe wosalira zambiri pa mfundo zofanana kachitidwe kulamulira. Ngalawa ndi khushoni mpweya si kophweka kusunga pa msinkhu anakonzeratu pamwamba pa, zimenezi zimafuna mphamvu zambiri. Ndisonyezeni mphamvu yake, awiri a iwo zochokera stokilovattny mpweya chopangira mphamvu jenereta (palinso awiri) aliyense ndi ofunika. The munkalowa a mtundu magetsi M35, umatulutsa RPC "Dawn - Mashproekt" chikwi 50 ndiyamphamvu. Care mkulu Cu-5 (electromechanical warhead) ndi kugawa matabwa chachikulu (MDF). Management ikuchitika chosonyeza ku SERS (lamulo lalikulu positi), ambiri ntchito ndi makina pofuna kupititsa patsogolo ergonomics. Mu chiwembu cha palinso akumidzi mtima.

pneumatics

Khalani chombo lolemera (kusamutsidwa ake ndi matani 555) pa msinkhu anapatsidwa ndi zovuta, ndi, pambuyo pa zonse, osati ndege. The airbag pansi alumikizana ndi kutitengera anayi chetyrehlepestnyh jekeseni wononga awiri 25 000 mm, zida ndi kukakamizidwa sitepe amazilamulira. Pamodzi ndi magetsi galimoto ya lililonse limakhala kumaliseche (DK-10). kayendedwe Cham'mbali amapangidwa ndi mfundo glissernomu. Kuyendetsa ankafika luso mpweya khushoni "Zubr" atatu tinakwera ndi makina masamba chosinthika ndi kuthekera kuchotseratu awiri a 55,000 mm, wokwera pa mphete wa landings polima gulu, kuchepetsa phokoso. Kudzera injini izi inapita patsogolo ndi mbiri 90 Km / h, ndi kusintha kwa chiŵerengero cha cholinga aliyense wa iwo amalola kuti akamagwiritsa bwino.

malire khushoni

Pofuna kukwaniritsa mpweya sanasiyidwa pa mbali, ndi "ntchito" ndi akugwira chotengera ponderous pa chilolezo kuperekedwa, anapereka Oikidwa zaphindu. Iwo ndi mpanda kusintha, zopangidwa ziwiri gawo chiwembu. Wolandirayo ndi kusintha, kulumikizidwa zinthu anapambulwa keels awiri crosswise, yopingasa ndi kotenga. Zonse izi si dongosolo zosavuta limakupatsani adzatsekeredwa "chodalira" pa mpweya wothinikizidwa ndi makina amenewa, monga "njati." Hovercraft zina kapena ukusunthira mpaka zoipazi amakhala ake kulemera wakwezedwa, ngati m'pofunika kuthetsa mtunda monyanyira, ndi ikagwa nthawi kuti agwire ankafika ndi katundu wa zida za nkhondo. Kwa iye, ziribe kanthu chimene chikhalidwe cha pamwamba pa madzi kapena dziko, kutengeka osiyanasiyana ndi lonse zokwanira, ndi luso "kukwawa" akutali gombe chimasiyanitsa izo zina zambiri wamba ndi ochiritsira ankafika luso.

mphamvu

Tikufika luso mpweya khushoni "Zubr" mokwanira mutu wake modzichepetsa amatchedwa "zazing'ono". Iye akhoza kupulumutsa mfundo Napempha kwa woyendera nthambi m'mphepete mwa nyanja "yekha" makina battalion wa Asilikali mu galimoto khumi oti muli nazo zida ndi oyeretsa awo. Ndipotu, kukula ndi mphamvu ya kalasi KVP ofanana naye ayi. Mwayi ankafika izo limafanana makamaka mfundo "pafupifupi ankafika ngalawa" (wamkulu, iye sationanso) ngati ife ndi analogue mu mawonekedwe a ochiritsira dewatering chotengera akuyandikira ndi kutsegula limbikitsa m'mphepete mwa gombe. Malinga ndi ziphunzitso za "West-2009", makamaka anabzala ndi MDKVP "Zubr" akhoza mungachite izi kwa mayunitsi asilikali:

- atatu T-80 (T-90) yolemera matani 150;

- BMP 8 (115 matani);

- 10 APCs kuphatikiza 140 Asilikali;

- Eyiti akuyandama akasinja kuwala.

ndegeyo ili mu malo anayi adalira anthu 140 lililonse. N'zotheka yobereka osasunga anthu oti, osati zida, mu nkhani iyi, pali 366 mipando ndi chiwerengero cha servicemen anabzala kuchuluka kwa mazana asanu. Izi zikhonza kukhala zofunika ngati panafunika anthu zolimba, koma kusambira kupirira amachepetsa maola angapo. Asilikali - anthu omwewo, ayenera kuti apume ndi kudya, ndi zikhalidwe si omasuka kwambiri ikakhala kugwira.

Pakuti landings mwachindunji zipata za m'mphuno, mungaimitse-pansi ndi kupanga mwayi limbikitsa, apuma pa nthaka.

zida

Tikufika luso "Zubr" - osati monga njira yoperekera cha anthu ndi zipangizo kuti nyanjayi yovuta ya mdani, akhoza kuyika chida ndi zida zankhondo kunyanyala kupondereza zotheka kukana molimba mdani, kupereka moto thandizo ndi kuteteza kuukira zotheka ndi ndege mdani. Popanda mphamvu izi nkhondowo monga makina angwiro pamaso pa asilikali chikhalebe losavuta "ufa", ngakhale kudya ndi kuuluka.

Nawu mndandanda wa "zida" kuonetsetsa kuti firepower zofunika yatenganso "Zubr". Hovercraft zida:

- awiri chida launchers "Moto" A-22 likuomba unguided maroketi likungosonyeza wa 140,3 mm.

- Sinthani zikhazikiko awiri basi AK-630 30 mamilimita likungosonyeza ndi zipolopolo mu zipolopolo zikwi zitatu.

- Eyiti odana ndege machitidwe chida "Igla" (zina yachilendo ntchito ntchito US "mbola").

Pa gulu pali anapereka kwa REB "slabbing" kulola kupondereza ntchito ya mauthenga mdani ndi machitidwe kudziwika.

Komanso, "njati" angaloze mabomba zipolopolo zidutswa 20. The pazipita unsembe nthawi - 1 ora mphindi 20.

Koma kuti ngalawa cruiser sationanso, koma ayenera adzanyamula kukumbukira kuti nkhondo zamakono yekha sayenera kuchita, ndi m'nyanja, ndi mpweya, ndipo ngati n'koyenera - ndipo tactically-chida thandizo kudzapatsidwa kwa iye.

American mnzake

zombo Amphibious, akuyandama pamwamba madzi, ndi MUKACHULUKIDWE utumiki wa Army US. Awo dzina lovomerezeka - LCAC (Tikufika Ufiti Air chisoti), iwo anafuna kuti cholinga chomwecho monga "njati." Kamangidwe transoceanic chitsanzo isiyana Soviet zomangamanga analogi, monga superstructure palibe, koma pali pontoon sitimayo wotchingidwa dera 182 sq. m, amene anayikidwa zida ndi chimadalira kuti ankafika. LCAC zambiri wodzichepetsa, "njati" ndi kukula ndi mphamvu ya amagetsi (16 chikwi. HP). m'litali ndi mamita 27, m'lifupi -. 14 mamita mafuta Komabe, masikono, ora limodzi, magaloni mazana asanu ndi awiri a mafuta combusted. Chotengera akulemera tonnes 170. The chimachititsanso izo glisserno zomangira ziwiri ndi awiri a masentimita 70 3 mamita akukankha izo patsogolo kapena kumbuyo. Liwiro ndi za mofanana "Zubr" Project chotengera. injini zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito mukulephera kusintha. Zochotsa ndodo amaperekedwa ndi injini anayi imatsogoleredwa kunsi. Kulemera kwa payload wa - matani 70.

Pofuna kuti atsogolere ntchito yomanga, akatswiri American asankha kuchita popanda pokha-mvu ndi malo a anthu ogwira, amene amalenga pangozi yagwa pa mbali - sitimayo pa liwiro amakhala poterera ku splashes madzi.

zida mwini watercraft sakutero.

Kuti chifupikitso cha mwatsatanetsatane ndi luso deta onse a American ankafika luso mpweya khushoni, Ndizachidziwikire kuti zake imapanga nkhondowo otsika khalidwe la "Zubr" katatu. Asilikali pa bolodi akhoza zosaposa 170, pakalibe zida za nkhondo pa sitimayo. Koma makina lotereli, koma kupikisana ake ndi chitsanzo Soviet chitukuko si DKVP Western.

ulamuliro wa mitundu chombo San Antonio ndi mavu kumafuna maphunziro aakulu, n'kovuta kuti adziwe. Ngalawa zimenezi zochokera mu US yekha pa panyanja m'munsi mwa Virginia.

Kodi ndizingati kumanzere, "njati"?

Ndi ubwino onse chitsanzo ichi zodabwitsa za makampani Soviet chitetezo sangathe koma kuwonjezera mbiya ulemerero wa uchi, umene, mosakaika, woyenera ndiAmene ake, ndi amsupuni wa phula. Pa nthawi ya kugwa kwa Soviet Union monga mbali ya Black Sea zombo kuphatikizapo mayunitsi eyiti DKVP "Zubr". brigade Izi zinali amphibious lidagawikana womangidwa, koma monga abale: Russia nawo asanu (pakati pawo - ndi zinachitika woyamba, sayenera kuganiziridwa), ndi Ukraine - ziwiya zitatu ( "Kramatorsk", "Artemivsk" ndi "Horlivka"). akatswiri anakwiya chilungamo chilengedwe sikuthandiza. Iwo osafunika Chiyukireniya Navy ndiponso amene "njati", umene muyenera iwo kunapezeka kuti kupitirira mphamvu ya ndalama asilikali. Komanso, Feodosia anamalizidwa zombo ziwiri zambiri, mmodzi amene analephera kumaliza. Kachiwiri, n'koyenera kuona kuti zombo Russian komanso analamula "njati" si njira yabwino. Pamene Greece (dziko - membala wa NATO) anasonyeza kuti akufuna kugula Zombo Zankhondo wapadera, ndi Ukraine ndi Russia anapereka kugula nsapato zidutswa. ndikupeleka zinachitika.

Kenako, atatu mayunitsi otsala zinalembedwa ngati opanda ntchito kwa mphamvu Naval ya Ukraine, ndipo, nthawi zambiri, kusema zitsulo zotha ntchito, kufunika kwa amene nthawi zonse.

Choncho, mu "njati" chifukwa kuchokera kwa Agriki kwambiri tidakonzeka anayi. Russian Navy ali mayunitsi awiri, pamene mu China - wina mu yosatha sitima Chiyukireniya. Mwa njira, mu China izo anakonza yomanga makope anayi. Akatswiri Chiyukireniya akhala akupereka thandizo ndi zolembedwa luso.

Monga chitonthozo ndi, tikhoza kunena kuti nkhondowo ntchito "njati" mu mkangano Chijojiya-Abkhaz mpaka wapadera ndi bwino. Tsatanetsatane wa ntchito nkhondo ndi chotenga mbali anthu sakudziwika.