Moral zolinga. Zitsanzo zolinga makhalidwe

abwino Moral - ndi ndondomeko anamanga pa maganizo a zofuna abwino fano zina payekha. Iwo aumbike mwa chiwerengero cha makhalidwe. Kenako m'nkhani tione mfundo "zolinga za makhalidwe abwino" (zitsanzo zomwe zapatsidwa m'munsimu). Kodi iwo? ndi zolinga zotani?

mwachidule

zolinga zauzimu ndiponso makhalidwe a munthu amatumikira monga chitsanzo. Society zimapangitsa anthu zofunika zina za makhalidwe abwino. galimoto yake ndi ndendende mfundo za makhalidwe abwino. Chithunzi cha umunthu kwambiri makhalidwe ophatikizapo ndi makhalidwe abwino kuti atumikire monga maganizo ndi miyeso yolinganizira ndi khalidwe pakati pa anthu. makhalidwe amenewa amapanga munthu makamaka ndi anthu onse kusintha khalidwe labwino, motero kusintha.

Chiŵerengero asayansi

Zolingazo ndi makhalidwe a nthawi zosiyanasiyana kusiyana. Ambiri anzeru odziwika ndi ndakatulo funso ili mu ntchito zake. Pakuti Aristotle, abwino abwino anali ndi kudzipenda, chidziwitso cha choonadi ndi detachment kuchokera pa za m'dziko. Malinga Kant, mu munthu aliyense "munthu wangwiro". Malangizo kwa zochita zake ndi abwino abwino. Mtundu uwu wa kampasi mkati chimene chimabweretsa munthu wangwiro, koma izo mwamtheradi sakutero. Pakuti nzeru zapamwamba zonse, wasayansi, katswiri, anali chifanizo awo ndi kumvetsa abwino abwino.

cholinga

zolinga Moral, mosakaika, zimathandiza kudzimvera maphunziro a munthu. Man maganizo ndi chidziwitso kuti ayenera kukwaniritsa, amafuna kukwaniritsa ndi kugonjetsa misanje ya dongosolo abwino. akutsatira makhalidwe maziko amene kenako anapanga mfundo za makhalidwe abwino ndi wosathandiza. Zonse izi zikuchitika pa maziko a zinthu mu moyo wa munthu. Mofanana kwambiri ndi moyo vuto limene munthu amakhala. Mwachitsanzo, panthawi ya nkhondo zolinga makhalidwe lolunjika pa chithunzi cha wolimba, wochirimika, munthu wolemekezeka, amene ali ndi chida, koma kuziyika izo zokha kuteteza dziko lawo ndi achibale awo.

Impact pa anthu

Kumvetsa ganizoli makhalidwe yafalikira ndi lonse la anthu. Munthu amafuna kuona yekha anthu, amene adzamangira pa mfundo za uweme chilungamo. Pankhaniyi, ganizoli ndi njira imene anthu amene n'zotheka mawu a zofuna za magulu ena chikhalidwe mfundo zawo chilungamo wapamwamba ndipo zinthu zokhudza, amene adzakhale abwino.

Yabwino makhalidwe zizindikiro chikhalidwe zigwirizana ndi kugawa wofanana katundu kulipo pakati mamembala a anthu, ubale ufulu ndi udindo wa anthu. Pakuti zinthu za makhalidwe abwino monga luso la munthu, malo ake, chopereka kwa anthu ndi ndalama zimene munalandira pobwezera izo. zolinga Moral chifukwa ntchito zabwino za pamoyo ndi amatha losangalala. Kufuna ungwiro, womwe uli cholinga chachikulu cha khama, munthu ndi anthu ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira yapamwamba yekha abwino.

okhutira

Lenin ankaona mfundo za makhalidwe abwino za "makhalidwe wapamwamba", Chili makhalidwe abwino. Malinga ndi iye, iwo onse anali ofunika kwa anthu ndipo ndi chitsanzo chabwino kwa anthu. Katundu abwino, anayeza pa sikelo apamwamba, anamanga zili abwino. Ubongo akumanga mu zosangalatsa anthu za makhalidwe abwino ndi makhalidwe makhalidwe, maganizo a anthu amene chomveka chifukwa sankayembekezera m'chilengedwe. Society ndi kufunafuna munthu kuzindikira makhalidwe abwino. Aliyense wa anthu ayenera kukhala mokwanira ndi molondola ndikuganiza, athe kumanga ubale ndi kucheza. Abwino limodzi ndi ena mawonetseredwe zabwino m'maganizo. Zikuphatikizapo, makamaka, monga kusirira, pakuvomereza, kufuna kukhala bwino. Zonsezi ndi stimulant mphamvu imene imapangitsa munthu kuyesetsa kudziona maphunziro ndi chitukuko kudzikonda. Pali mitundu ingapo ya ganizoli: ndi regressive ndi reactionary, weniweni ndi zosatheka. The zili makhalidwe abwino anasintha monsemu. Zolingazo a nthawi zakale chifukwa cha chikhalidwe chake zabodza ndi kudzipatula kuchokera ku chenicheni, osati lolunjika pa ntchito payekha, anakhalabe kufikako. Ngakhale akamanena za mwapang'onopang'ono ntchito kwambiri makhalidwe anatenga monga maziko zofuna m'maganizo, mosazindikira ndi mosakondera chilamulo ndi mmene kukwaniritsa.

chikoka cha masiku ano

Mu masiku a boma chikominisi zolinga makhalidwe anakonzedwa kutumikira kukhazikitsidwa, kulimbitsa dongosolo alipo. An chizindikiro cha makhalidwe mkulu wa anthu masiku ano ali ogwirizana angathe kukwaniritsa umunthu. Iwo kusiyana ndi chikhumbo cha ungwiro m'makhalidwe. Society zimapangitsa anthu ake ena makhalidwe abwino. Iwo kuphatikiza kupanga chitsanzo cha kwathunthu anayamba umunthu. Zonse Polemeretsedwa, kuwonjezera yatsopano, amasonyeza chitukuko makhalidwe a mwambo wa anthu zokomera. Society nthawi lamadyerero mu malo oyamba amaponya chikhalidwe munthu, nzika yogwira, kukhala kwathu ndi mangawa onse, mawu nondisjunction ndi zochita zathu, kuona mtima.

akutsatira makhalidwe a nthawi yathu ndi khalidwe la lolimbikitsa komanso zothandiza, kugwirizana ndi zosowa za anthu. Iwo amapeza mawonekedwe enieni mu mgwirizano zokomera wa anthu a m'gulu. Makhalidwe a lero ali kalikiliki m'madera wodzilamulira kuwongolera, maphunziro abwino ndi chitukuko kudzikonda. Plekhanov ananena kuti yogwira munthu anachita kwa kukwaniritsa yabwino yothandiza anthu, zambiri amakhala ndi makhalidwe abwino. Koma ngakhale mu nthawi zokomera mkulu wa kanjedza makhalidwe sizigwirizana ndi chowonadi, ndi sitepe imodzi patsogolo. Iwo kukumanizana ndi zolinga munthu kumatanthauza, wopangidwa mwa kuyenda zonse, njira yothandizira chitukuko. Kuwonjezeka ntchito chikhalidwe cha munthu, kusintha kwa makhalidwe chikhalidwe ndi maphunziro abwino - zonsezi pamodzi adzalola kuthetsa kusamvana akuwuka pakati pa chowonadi ndi abwino abwino.