Minofu yopanga manja ndi manja awo: kupanga ndi zida

Robot zamakono zimatha kuchita zambiri. Koma iwo ali kutali ndi chidziwitso chaumunthu ndi kusuntha kosangalatsa. Ndipo cholakwikacho ndi chopanda ungwiro. Asayansi m'mayiko ambiri akuyesera kuthetsa vutoli. Nkhaniyi idzaperekedwa mwatsatanetsatane za zozizwitsa zawo zodabwitsa.

Minofu yotchedwa polyymeric yochokera ku asayansi a ku Singapore

Gawo lolowera ku ma robot ambiri a humanoid posachedwapa anapangidwa ndi oyambitsa kuchokera ku National University of Singapore. Masiku ano androids-heavyweights akusunthira chifukwa cha magetsi a machitidwe. Chosavuta kwambiri chakumapeto ndikuthamanga pang'ono. Minofu yopanga ma robot, yomwe imaperekedwa ndi asayansi a Singapore, amalola kuti cyborgs zisamangokweza zinthu zomwe zimakhala zolemera 80 kuposa zolemera zawo, komanso kuti zizichita mwamsanga monga munthu.

Kupititsa patsogolo kwabwino, kotambasula katatu, kumathandizira "kudutsa" robot ngakhale nyerere, zomwe, monga mukudziwa, zimanyamula zinthu 20 zolemera kuposa ng'ombe yawo. Minofu yotchedwa polyymeric ili ndi ubwino wotsatira:

• Kusintha;
• Kulimbitsa mphamvu;
• Kusakaniza;
• Kukhoza kusintha mawonekedwe ake mu masekondi pang'ono;
• Kukhoza kusintha mphamvu zamagetsi kukhala mphamvu zamagetsi.

Komabe, asayansi sangathe kuima pa izi - m'makonzedwe awo kuti apange minofu yokha, yomwe ingalole robot kuti ikhale yonyamula katundu, nthawi 500 zolemera kuposa iye mwini!

Kupeza kuchokera ku Harvard - minofu kuchokera ku electrode ndi elastomer

Ogwirira ntchito ku Sukulu ya Applied ndi Engineering Sciences ya Harvard University, anapereka minofu yatsopano yopangira ma robot otchedwa "soft". Malinga ndi asayansi, ana awo, opangidwa ndi soft elastomer ndi electrode, omwe amakhala ndi mpweya nanotubes, mu makhalidwe ake sali otsika kwa minofu ya anthu!

Ma robots onse amene alipo lero, monga tawatchulira kale, amachokera pa makina oyendetsa magetsi omwe amapanga magetsi. Njira zoterezi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito mpweya wopanikizika kapena mankhwala. Izi sizikulolani kuti mupange robot yomwe ili yofewa komanso yofulumira ngati munthu. Asayansi a Harvard athandiza kuthetsa vutoli, ndipo amapanga minofu yatsopano yopangira ma robot.

"Musculature" yatsopano ya cyborgs ndi dongosolo lamitundu yambiri yomwe nanotube electrodes yomwe imapangidwa mu laboratori ya Clark yomwe imayang'anira makina otsika ndi apansi a elastomeri osinthasintha, omwe ndi ubongo wa asayansi kale ochokera ku yunivesite ya California. Minofu imeneyi ndi yabwino kwa androids "zofewa", komanso zipangizo za laparoscopic mu opaleshoni.

Pogwiritsa ntchito njira imeneyi, asayansi a Harvard sanasiye. Chinthu chimodzi chaposachedwa ndi biorobot-skate. Zomangamanga zake ndi makoswe a mtima wamphongo, golidi ndi silicone.

Kukonzekera kwa gulu la Bauchman: mtundu wina wa mitsempha yopangidwa ndi carbon nanotubes

Kubwerera mu 1999, mumzinda wa Australia wa Kirchberg, pamsonkhano wa 13 wa International Winter School pa Zamakono Zamakono Zamakono, wasayansi Ray Bauhmann, ogwira ntchito ku Allied Signal ndi kutsogolera gulu lofufuza kafukufuku padziko lonse lapansi, anapereka ndemanga. Uthenga wake unali pa nkhani yopanga minofu.

Okonzanso motsogoleredwa ndi Ray Bauchman adatha kuwonetsa mpweya wa nanotubes ngati mawonekedwe a nanowave. Miphika yomwe ili muzinthu izi zinayendetsedwa m'njira zonse. Nano-pepala palokha inkawoneka ngati yachizolowezi - iyo ikhoza kuchitidwa m'manja, kudula mu zidutswa ndi zidutswa.

Kuyesera kwa gululi kunali kosavuta - asayansi amaphatikiza zidutswa za nano-mapepala kumbali zosiyana za tepi yothandizira ndikuchepetsa njirayi kukhala yankho la electroconductive. Pambuyo pa batteries otsika kwambiri, ma nanowire adatambasulidwa, makamaka omwe amagwirizana ndi phokoso loipa la bateri la magetsi; Ndiye pepalayo inalimba. Chitsanzo cha mitsempha yopangira ntchito.

Sam Bauhman amakhulupirira kuti pulojekiti yake itatha kusintha kamangidwe kake kamene kamasintha kwambiri robotics, chifukwa mitsempha yotere ya carbon dioxide inasintha / imatulutsa mphamvu yamagetsi - imabweretsa mphamvu. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, minofu imeneyi ndi yamphamvu katatu kuposa munthu, imatha kugwira ntchito yotentha kwambiri komanso yotentha, pogwiritsira ntchito ntchito yotsika yamakono komanso magetsi. N'zotheka kuigwiritsira ntchito ma prosthetics a minofu yaumunthu.

University of Texas: mitsempha yopangira nsomba ndi ulusi woshona

Chinthu chochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndi ntchito ya gulu la ophunzira kuchokera ku yunivesite ya Texas, yomwe ili ku Dallas. Anatha kupeza chitsanzo cha mimba, mphamvu ndi mphamvu ngati injini ya jet - 7.1pm / kg! Minofu imeneyi ndi yamphamvu kwambiri komanso yopindulitsa kuposa anthu. Koma chinthu chodabwitsa kwambiri apa ndi chakuti anamangidwa kuchokera ku zipangizo zakale - nsomba zapamwamba-mphamvu zopangidwa ndi ulusi wa polym ndi woshona.

Chakudya cha minofu imeneyi ndi kutsika kwa kutentha. Amapereka ulusi wake wosanjikizidwa, wokhala ndi wosanjikiza wazitsulo. Komabe, m'tsogolo, mphutsi zikhoza kudyetsedwa kuchokera ku kusiyana kwa kutentha kwa malo awo. Malowa, mwa njira, angagwiritsidwe ntchito pazovala zosinthidwa ndi nyengo ndi zipangizo zina zofanana.

Ngati puloteni yokhotakhota kumbali imodzi, idzagwiritsidwa ntchito mwamphamvu pamene ikuwotcha komanso ikukula mozizira pazizizira, ndipo ngati inayi, imakhala yovuta. Kupanga kophweka kotereku, mwachitsanzo, kungasinthe rotor yonse pa liwiro la zikwi khumi mphindi. Kuphatikizapo minofu yotereyi kuchokera ku mzere ndikuti amatha kugwira ntchito mpaka 50% ya kutalika kwao (anthu okha ndi 20%). Kuwonjezera apo, iwo amasiyanitsidwa ndi kupirira kozizwitsa - minofu iyi si "yotopa" ngakhale titabwereza mobwerezabwereza!

Kuyambira ku Texas kupita ku Amur

Kupezeka kwa asayansi ochokera ku Dallas kwalimbikitsa asayansi ambiri ochokera konsekonse padziko lapansi. Pobwezera mobwerezabwereza zochitika zawo, komabe, n'zotheka kokha ku robotics imodzi - Alexander Nikolaevich Semochkin, yemwe ndi mkulu wa labotale ya zamakono zamakono ku BSPU.

Poyambirira, wopanga mwachidwi anadikirira nkhani zatsopano mu Sayansi ponena za kufotokoza kwakukulu kwazinthu zogwirizana ndi a ku America. Popeza izi sizinachitike, asayansi wa Amur adaganiza ndi anthu ake omwe amaganiza mobwerezabwereza kuti abwereze zochitika zabwino ndikudzipanga okha minofu yopangidwa ndi waya wamkuwa ndi nsomba. Koma, tsoka, kabukuka sikanatheke.

Kudzoza kuchokera ku Skolkovo

Kubwereranso ku zomwe zinachitikira Alexander Semochkin zomwe zinasiyidwa zomwe adachitazo - wasayansi anali pamsonkhano wa roboti ku Skolkovo, komwe anakumana ndi anthu oganiza bwino ochokera ku Zelenograd, mutu wa Neurobotics. Pomwepo, akatswiri a kampaniyi ali otanganidwa kupanga minofu kuchokera m'nkhalango, zomwe zimakhala zotheka kwambiri.

Atafika kwawo, Alexander Nikolayevich anayamba kugwira ntchito ndi mphamvu zatsopano. Kwa mwezi ndi hafu sanathe kungotenga zojambula zojambula, komanso kupanga makina kuti aziwapotoza, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti mzerewo usinthike mobwerezabwereza.

The Annunciation Mafakitale Zanyama

Kuti apange minofu ya masentimita asanu, Semochkin imasowa mamita angapo a waya ndi masentimita 20 a nsomba wamba. Chida chothandizira "kutulutsa" minofu, mwachidziwikire, chosindikizidwa pa printer 3D, chimasintha minofu kwa mphindi khumi. Kenaka kapangidwe kameneka kamayikidwa kwa theka la ola mu uvuni wotenthedwa ku +180 madigiri Celsius.

N'zotheka kuyambitsa minofu imeneyi mothandizidwa ndi magetsi - ndikwanira kugwirizanitsa gwero lake ndi waya. Zotsatira zake, zimayamba kutentha ndi kutentha kutentha kwa nsomba. Wotsirizirayo ali wotambasula kapena wogwidwa - malinga ndi mtundu wa minofu makina apotoka.

Mapulani a woyambitsa

Ntchito yatsopano ya Alexander Semochkin ndi "kuphunzitsa" maonekedwe a minofu kubwerera ku dziko loyamba mwamsanga. Izi zingathandizidwe ndi kuzizira mofulumira kwa waya wothandizira - wasayansi akuganiza kuti njira yoteroyo idzafulumira pansi pa madzi. Pambuyo pa minofu imeneyi, mwini woyamba adzakhala Iskanderus - anthropomorphic robot BSPU.

Wasayansi samasunga zinsinsi zake - amaika masewero a "Youtube", ndipo akukonzekera kulemba nkhani ndi malangizo omveka kuti apange makina omwe amasintha minofu kuchokera ku mzere ndi waya.

Nthawi siimaima - mitsempha yopangira, yomwe tinakuuzani, idagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita opaleshoni kwa opaleshoni yomaliza komanso yaparascopic. Ndipo mu labotale, "Disney" ndi kutenga nawo gawo anasonkhanitsa dzanja logwira ntchito.