Milky Way - ziri ... History of anatulukira, mapangidwe, kapangidwe

Masiku ano, chimawalitsika ndi mazana a magetsi, mumzinda sangathe kuona Milky Way. zodabwitsazi, lomwe limapezeka mu mlengalenga athu okha mu nthawi inayake, ali kokha mu mtunda kuchokera matawuni akuluakulu anthu. Mu M'madera a zitunda wathu ndi wokongola kwambiri mu August. Mu mwezi watha ya chilimwe Milky Way limatuluka pamwamba pa dziko lapansi mu mawonekedwe a chimphona lakumwamba Chipilala. Izi ofooka, akakufunsani kuwala Mzere lolemererapo ndi owala tione motsogozedwa Scorpio ndi Sagittarius, ndi paler ndipo zidzabalalika - pafupi ndi magulu a Andromeda ndi Perseus.

Nyenyezi chinsinsi

Milky Way - ichi ndi chodabwitsa zachilendo, chinsinsi chimene sichinayambe anatsegula anthu mu mndandanda wonse wa zaka. The nthano ya anthu ambiri ankatchedwa mosiyana. Amazing chowala anali chachinsinsi Star Bridge cholowera paradaiso, Wokondedwa Akumwamba Gods and matsenga mtsinje, onyamula mkaka Mulungu. Pa nthawi yomweyo mitundu yonse ankakhulupirira kuti Milky Way - ndi wopatulika. Kuwala kulambiridwa. Polemekeza iye ngakhale anamanga kachisi.

anthu ochepa mukudziwa chakuti mtengo wathu Khirisimasi ndi Echo kupembedza kwa anthu amene ankakhala masiku akale. Ndipotu nthawi zakale anali kukhulupirira kuti Milky Way - ndi olamulira wa chilengedwe chonse, kapena Tree World, amene zipse pa nthambi za nyenyezi. N'chifukwa chake pa chiyambi cha mkombero pachaka, ndipo atavala Mtengo Khirisimasi. Wanthakayo nkhuni onyenga anali nthawi zonse wobala zipatso mitengo ya kumwamba. mwambo anatipatsa chiyembekezo chisomo cha milungu ndi kukolola. Chinali chachikulu chotero mtengo wa Milky Way makolo athu.

mfundo sayansi

Mlalang'ambawo ndi chiyani? History of atulukira zodabwitsazi ali pafupifupi zaka 2000. Plato otchedwa Mzere uyu wa msoko kuwala, kulumikiza Chigawo zakuthambo. Mosiyana, Anaxagoras ndi Demoksid amanena kuti Milky Way (ndi mtundu tikambirana) - ngati kuyatsa nyenyezi. Iye ndi ngale ya usiku. Aristotle anaphunzitsa kuti Milky Way - chapadera chowala mu mpweya wa dziko lathuli mu pafupi-mwezi losonyeza nthunzi.

Iwo ndi mfundo zina zambiri. Choncho, Roma Maliko Manily ananena kuti Milky Way - ndi kuwundana matupi ang'onoang'ono zakuthambo. Zinali iye amene anali pafupi ndi choonadi, koma kuti atsimikizire mfundo zawo pa nthawi yokha apoyera kuonera kumwamba, iye sakanakhoza. Ofufuza akale ankaganiza kuti Milky Way - ali mbali ya dongosolo la zowalitsa.

Kutsegula Galileo

Milky wake chinsinsi Way anatsegula yekha mu 1610. Basi ndiye anapanga makinawa koyamba kuti Galileo Galiley ndi ntchito. The wasayansi wotchuka anaona chida, kuti Milky Way - msonkhano weniweni wa nyenyezi, zimene apoyera ophatikizidwa mu yothandizira ofooka n'kuti bar. Galileya inali ngakhale kufotokoza za heterogeneity ya kapangidwe ka gulu.

Ndi chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa chodabwitsa kumwamba osati za masango nyenyezi. Alipo pamenepo, ndi mdima ndi mitambo. Kuphatikiza zinthu ziwirizi amalenga fano zodabwitsa zimene zinachitika usiku.

Inayambira William Herschel

Kuphunzira Milky Way, ndipo anapitiriza m'nthawi ya 18. Nthawi imeneyi anali achangu kafukufuku Vilyam Gershel. Wolemba odziwika ndi woimba, chinkhoswe mu kupanga telesikopu ndi kuphunzira sayansi nyenyezi. Kupezeka chofunika kwambiri Herschel anakhala dongosolo lalikulu la chilengedwe chonse. Asayansi anati dziko mu zakutali ndi opangidwa mawerengedwe awo pa mbali zosiyana za mlengalenga. Studies amaganiza kuti Milky Way - mtundu wa Star Island, limene lili mu dzuwa wathu. Herschel ngakhale anasolola dongosolo zojambula za kutsegula ake. Chithunzi dongosolo nyenyezi wasonyeza ngati mphero, ndipo anawonjezera ndi mawonekedwe osasamba. Dzuwa pa nthawi yomweyo ali mkati mphete iyi yozungulira dziko lathu. Umu ndi mmene Way athu asayansi mpaka chiyambi cha m'ma lomaliza.

Only mu 1920s adawona kuwala ntchito ya Jacobus Kapteyn imene Milky Way limafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane. Pankhaniyi, wolemba anapatsidwa Nyenyezi chilumba dera, monga ofanana ndi amene amadziwika kuti ife pa nthawi ino. Lero tikudziwa kuti Milky Way - ndi Way, zomwe ndi mbali ya chitetezo cha dzuwa, dziko lapansi, ndi anthu nyenyezi munthu amene amaoneka kuti apoyera anthu.

Kapangidwe ka nyenyezi

Ndi chitukuko cha sayansi telesikopu zakuthambo kukhala wamphamvu ndi wamphamvu kwambiri. Pa nthawi yomweyo bwino kwambiri kukonza unkachitika nyenyezi. Kunapezeka kuti iwo sanali mzake. Mwa iwo anali kulakwitsa. Kapangidwe awo analibe chosokonekera.

Anatinso Way elliptical ndi mwauzimu. Zimene mitundu ya nkhawa Milky Way? Izi Way athu, ndi kuchokera mkati, kudziwa matabwa ake ndi yovuta kwambiri. Komabe, asayansi apeza yankho ku funso limeneli. Tsopano ife tikudziwa kuti ndi Milky Way. Liwulo anapatsidwa ofufuza anatsimikiza kuti chimbale ichi wokhala pakati lamkati.

makhalidwe General

The Milky Way uli ndi mtundu Way mwauzimu. Choncho ali chachikulu jumper Nyenyezi dongosolo olumikizidwa pamodzi ndi mphamvu yokoka.

Akukhulupirira kuti Milky Way wakhalapo kwa zaka zoposa biliyoni khumi ndi zitatu zaka. Izi ndi nyengo imene Way ichi chinapangidwa nyenyezi biliyoni 400 ndi magulu a nyenyezi, pa zikwi yaikulu kukula gaseous nebulae, masango ndi mitambo.

The mawonekedwe wa Milky Way ndi bwino kuonekera pa mapu wa chilengedwe chonse. Mukamakambirana zimaonekeratu kuti nyenyezi limodzi ndi chimbale amene awiri ndi wofanana 100 zikwi. Zaka Kuwala (wotereyo chaka kuwala thililiyoni khumi makilomita). The makulidwe a nyenyezi limodzi - 15 zikwi, ndi kuya -. About 8 zikwi kuwala zaka ..

Kodi katundu ndi Milky Way? Iwo (tanthauzo la ake kulemera - yovuta kwambiri) sikutheka kuwerengera. Mavuto amachititsa mtima wa unyinji wa nkhani mdima, zomwe si kucheza ndi cheza mu atomu. Ndicho chifukwa zakuthambo sangathe definitively funso limeneli. Koma pali kuwerengetsera akhakula, malinga ndi zimene Way kulemera ranges kuchokera 500 biliyoni 3000 misa dzuwa.

The Milky Way ndi matupi onse akumwamba. Iye amapanga zisinthe padziko nguli, akusuntha mu chilengedwe chonse. Akatswiri a sayansi ya amati osasamba, ngakhale wachisokonezo kayendedwe ka Way wathu. Izi anafotokoza chifukwa chakuti aliyense wa machitidwe ake membala nyenyezi ndi nebulae ali chake chosiyana ndi liwiro ena, komanso zosiyanasiyana ndi mitundu ya m'mipita.

Kodi kulumikizana ndi Milky Way? Izi pachimake ndi milatho litayamba ndi manja mwauzimu, komanso korona. Tiyeni tione iwo mwatsatanetsatane.

pachimake

gawo ili la Milky Way ili mu kuwundana Sagittarius. Phata ndi gwero la cheza sanali ikukhudzana ndi pafupifupi mamiliyoni khumi madigiri kutentha. Pa malo a mbali imeneyi ya Milky Way chisindikizo amatchedwa "lofufuma kwambiri mbali imodzi". Ndi mndandanda wonse wa nyenyezi zakale, chimene chimatichititsa mu kanjira elongated. Ambiri a kumwamba amenewa mkombero matupi moyo akubwera ku mapeto.

M'chigawo chapakati cha phata wa Milky Way ndi supermassive wakuda dzenje. Izi gawo danga miyeso yawo ndi wofanana ndi dzuwa kulemera miliyoni ali wamphamvu yokoka. Iwo chimazungulira dzenje wina wakuda, kokha ang'onoang'ono. Chotero dongosolo amalenga cholimba yokoka kumunda kuti ali pafupi ndi magulu ndi nyenyezi kupanga kusuntha pa njira zachilendo kwambiri.

Pakati pa Milky Way, pali zinthu zina. Choncho lililonse kwa m'bulu waukulu wa nyenyezi. Ndi mtunda pakati pa iwo ndi maulendo kakang'ono kuposa kuti anamuona pa periphery ya maphunziro.

Ndipotu ina chidwi n'chakuti, kuona nyenyezi zina phata asayansi kunena chowala awo owala. Koma pazifukwa zina si kuonekera Milky Way? Akatswiri ena afika anafotokoza maganizo a sitili mu Way phata wathu. Komabe, padatsimikiza kuti muli mwauzimu wosanjikiza nebulae mdima, amene masango fumbi interstellar ndi gasi. Apo iwo ali mu Milky Way. Zikuluzikulu mdima wa mitambo ndipo musataye chidwi lapadziko kuona kuwala kwa moto wa phata la. Ngati maphunziro sali oletsedwa earthlings, tikhoza kusunga phata mu mawonekedwe a ellipsoid chowala, kuchuluka kwa omwe akanati olumpha awiri a zana miyezi.

Kuti tiyankhe funso limeneli anthu athandiza telesikopu ano, okhoza ntchito m'madera yeniyeni ya mu atomu cheza sipekitiramu. Ndi luso lamakono, okhoza circumvent chishango fumbi, asayansi anali kuona maziko a Milky Way.

jumper

membala uyu wa Milky Way mitanda gawo la pakati ndiponso ali ndi kukula kwa 27 zikwi. kuwala zaka. Bridge tichipeza 22 miliyoni nyenyezi wofiira ndi zaka chidwi. Mozungulira mapangidwe ili ndi mpweya mphete, zimene zikuchokera lili anthu ambiri mpweya maselo. Zonsezi zikusonyeza kuti mlatho wa Milky Way ndi gawo limene wambiri mawonekedwe nyenyezi.

litayamba

fomu iyi ndi chokha Milky Way umene uli zonse rotational apaulendo. N'zochititsa chidwi mlingo wa ndondomeko izi zidalira pa mtunda wa chigawo cha pakati. Choncho, mu mtima ndi ziro. Pa mtunda kuchokera pakati zikwi ziwiri kuwala zaka kasinthasintha liwiro la makilomita 250 pa ola limodzi.

Mbali yakunja ya Milky Way lozungulira wosanjikiza wa hydrogen atomiki. wochindikala ndi 1.5 zikwi kuwala zaka.

Pa nsonga ya Way zakuthambo wapezeka pamaso pa masango wandiweyani mpweya ndi kutentha 10 chikwi. KUSIYANA. The makulidwe a dongosolo amenewa ndi ochepa zikwi kuwala zaka.

Zisanu mwauzimu mikono

Ichi ndi chimodzi chigawo mbali zambiri za Milky Way, ili mwachindunji kuseri kwa mphete mpweya. Mikono mwauzimu anawoloka magulu Cygnus ndi Perseus, Orion ndi Sagittarius ndi Centaurus. mapangidwe awa omangidwa wodzazidwa mpweya maselo. Chotero zikuchokera amapanga kulakwitsa mu kasinthasintha wa malamulo Way.
Mikono mwauzimu ochokera kwa pachimake Nyenyezi pachilumbachi. Iwo ali chinachake timaona ndi apoyera, akuitana kuwala amavula wa Milky Way.

Mikono mwauzimu muno pa wina ndi mzake, zikhale zovuta kumvetsa chipangizo awo. Asayansi amati manja awa anapanga chifukwa kukhalapo mu Milky Way mafunde kuwonjezeka chimphona ndi psinjika mpweya interstellar, amene anasamuka ku maziko kwa litayamba galactic.

korona

The Milky Way ali ndi kampira ozungulira. Ichi ndi korona wake. Izi zikuphatikizapo mapangidwe masango osiyana nyenyezi ndiponso magulu. Komanso, ozungulira kampira miyeso wotere kuti chimafikira kupitirira malire a Way 50 kuwala zaka.

Monga mbali ya korona wa Milky Way ali, monga ulamuliro, nyenyezi otsika-misa ndi achikulire, komanso nyenyezi nyenyezi yaing'ono ndi masango mpweya wotentha. zinthu izi zonse kupanga kayendedwe ka m'mipita elongated padziko phata, kupanga kasinthasintha wachisokonezo.

Pali kungoganizira, chimene maonekedwe a korona panali chifukwa cha mayamwidwe wa Milky Way yaing'ono. Malinga zakuthambo, m'badwo wa kampira ndi biliyoni khumi ndi ziwiri.

nyenyezi Location

Pa wopanda mitambo kumwamba usiku, Milky Way limaonekera kuchokera Msikiti lathuli. Komabe, mawonekedwe a munthu ndi chilipo mbali ya Way, lomwe ndi dongosolo nyenyezi ili mu dzanja Orion.

Mlalang'ambawo ndi chiyani? KUFOTOKOZERA danga la ziwalo zanga zonse umakhala zomveka ngati tikambirana nyenyezi mapu. Pankhaniyi, zikuonekeratu kuti dzuwa kuti imawala pa Dziko Lapansi, inali pafupifupi chimbale cha. Ili pafupi m'mphepete mwa Way, kumene mtunda kuchokera phata ndi wofanana 26-28 zikwi. Kuwala zaka. Kupita pa liwiro la makilomita 240 pa ola limodzi, kuwala amathera nawonso kumodzi kuzungulira phata zaka 200 miliyoni, kotero kuti nthawi zonse linakhalapo izo wayenda kudutsa litayamba ndi anamaliza phata, nthawi makumi atatu.

dziko lathu lili otchedwa corotation bwalo. Izi ndi malo kasinthasintha liwiro la manja nyenyezi ndi zofanana. Kwa bwalo lino amakhala ndi milingo okwera cheza. N'chifukwa chake moyo monga asayansi amakhulupirira, kodi kudzachitika pokhapo pa dziko, pafupi muli ochepa nyenyezi.

Izi zinali dziko lathuli ndi Earth. Malowa ali pamtunda pa periphery wa Way, mu chete malo ake. N'chifukwa chake pa dziko lino lapansi kwa zaka mabilioni, panalibe chiwonongeko lonse, nthawi zambiri zimachitika m'chilengedwe chonse.

Mapa tsogolo

Asayansi amati m'tsogolo kwambiri Nkosatheka kugunda pakati pa Milky Way ndi nyenyezi zina, yaikulu imene ndi Andromeda Way. Koma pa nthawi yomweyo kulankhula kwenikweni za chinachake sikutheka. Izi kumafuna kum'dziwa ukulu wa velocities yopingasa zinthu extragalactic, limene kwa ofufuza lero si koma zilipo.

Mu September 2014, chimodzi cha zochitika zitsanzo za linasindikizidwa pa TV. Malinga ndi iye, udzachitike kwa zaka mabiliyoni anayi, Milky Way ndi Magellanic mitambo kuyamwa (Large ndi Small), ndipo zaka biliyoni adzakhala gawo la Andromeda Way.