Menshikov Tower, Mpingo Arhangela Gavriila pa amatunga Oyera Moscow

zokopa ambiri okongola zili Moscow. Kuyenda mwa mzindawo, inu mukhoza zambiri kuona zosiyanasiyana zipilala chikhalidwe. Aliyense chinthu amasunga kwambiri zinsinsi ndi nkhani, amene nthawi zonse chidwi kuphunzira. Tiyenera kulabadira amene ali pakati pa kachisi, otchedwa nsanja Menshikov. Iwo lili pakati mbiri ya Moscow, pafupi Chistye Prudy. chinthu ichi ndi wokwanira ulendo chifukwa chapadera analengedwa mu kalembedwe zachilendo kwambiri ndi limene lili ndi zinthu zambiri zosonyeza la alendo ndi anthu am'deralo.

Kumasulira yochepa kachisi

Choncho kuyamba ndi kuphunzira zambiri za izi chipilala zomangamanga wokongola kwambiri. Chinthu ali dzina lina - Mpingo Arhangela Gavriila pa amatunga Oyera. Ndi mpingo wa Orthodox, izo m'dera Basmanny wa Moscow. N'zochititsa chidwi nyumbayi ali kalembedwe Baroque, kukhala yeniyeni kwambiri - ndi Petrine Baroque. Mu Moscow, pali nyumba zambiri anamanga kalembedwe izi, zimene zingakhale bwino anapulumutsidwa kuti masiku athu. Nyumba imodzi ndi oyambirira, nkhani zake kumanga kwa 1707. Komabe, patapita nthaŵi, kale mu 1770s, mpingo anamangidwanso kwambiri. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti opareshoni yekha m'chilimwe.

N'chifukwa chiyani m'kachisi nalo dzina lake?

Kuwonjezera pa mfundo yakuti kachisi wotchedwa pambuyo Arhangela Gavriila, mukhoza zambiri kumva dzina lake chachiwiri - Menshikov Tower. Ambiri amadabwa chifukwa chake zili choncho? Yankho la funso limeneli ndi losavuta kwambiri. mpingo inamangidwa ndi dongosolo la munthu mmodzi, amene anali Alexander Menshikov (kwa umunthu wake nkhani zotsatirazi). Choncho, zimaonekeratu momwe kachisi nalo dzina lake lachiwiri.

AD umunthu Menshikov

Monga amadziwika, Menshikov zatenganso mbali yaikulu yomanga kachisi. Choncho m'pofunika kuganizira payokha umunthu wake, kuphunzira bwino za ntchito yake ndi zinthu zina. Choncho, ndi odziwika bwino chithunzi mu boma Russian ndi dera lankhondo. Menshikov anali nawo maudindo angapo monga tawerenga ndi Prince. Kalekale amakonda a Peter I. Pambuyo pa imfa yake, anatenga gawo mu inalowa mpando wachifumu Catherine I. Panthawi imeneyi iye akukhala mkulu wa Russia. Tikhoza kunena kuti ntchito yake inayamba ndi Great kumpoto nkhondo, kumene analamula losiyanasiyana la asilikali.

yomanga kachisi

Tsopano m'pofunika kupita nkhani za mbiri ya mpingo, chifukwa zikuphatikizapo angapo zimene zinachitika pa kuli kachisi uyu. Tikumbukenso kuti kutchulidwa koyamba kwa Mpingo Arhangela Gavriila anaonekera mu 1551. Zikupezeka mu zolemba zokhudza kalembera wa. Pofika m'zaka za m'ma XVII mpingo anamangidwanso pang'ono ndi likuvutika kuchuluka. Chinachake kenako mu 1701, Alexander Menshikov bungwe kumanganso ndi kukonza mpingo, koma patatha zaka 3 chisankho linapangidwa mu 1704, pa momwe kuwononga mpingo. Mu malo ake izo zinakonzedwa kumanga mpingo watsopano, amene anali ngati yomanga IP Zarudny. Mpingo Arhangela Gavriila pang'onopang'ono atachira. Yomanga nawo ndi ambuye yachilendo, Pakati angatchedwe Domeniko Trezini. Pofika 1707 yomanga anamaliza. Dziwani kuti kutalika kwake pa nthawi anali mamita oposa 84. Patapita nthawi, Menshikov anasankhidwa kukhala kazembe wa St. Petersburg, mogwirizana ndi zimene iye anasiya akugwira nawo ntchito zambiri Moscow, ndi ntchito ya kachisi akhala mochedwa, ngati unatha.

Menshikov Tower - mbiri zina

Tsoka zina cha m'kachisi kovuta komanso. mpingo chidwi ndi mphezi, choncho pafupifupi mwathunthu yapsya kumtunda kwa nsanja, chokongoletsera mkati ndipo wataya mabelu anawonongedwa. chochitika zosasangalatsa chinachitika mu 1723. Mmenemonso, nsanja anayimira ndithu kanthawi, koma mu 1773 anayamba kubwezeretsa ake. Iye anayenda zaka zingapo kuchokera 1773 mpaka 1779. Pa kuchira anatenga odziwika omanga GZ Izmailov. Komabe, mpingo sanabwerere mawonekedwe pachiyambi, mu Baibulo latsopano linali dongosolo losiyana. Kuyambira pamenepo, nyumbayo ntchito zochitika zosiyanasiyana Masonic. Mu 1863, kachisi anali anachira m'malo mwa Metropolitan Filaret. 30, ntchentche wa XX m'ma izo zinali kutsekedwa. Choncho, mbiri ya mpingo wakhala ankaona, koma tsopano ndi ofunika n'kunena mawu ochepa za kalembedwe amene nsanja wamangidwa Menshikov. kalembedwe ameneyu anatengera woona yake, kotero kudziwa kudzakhala nkhani kwambiri.

Kachisi inamangidwa kalembedwe chiyani?

Choncho, kuwerenga mbiri, komanso muyenera kudziwa chimene kalembedwe tchalitchi chimangidwa. Menshikov Tower ndi chitsanzo chenicheni cha "Baroque Petulo". Ena amakhulupirira kuti kachisi uyu - chitsanzo oyambirira kalembedwe imeneyi, zisungidwe Moscow. Ndi kumvetsa zimene zili mbali zapadera kalembedwe, nanga ndi peculiarity ake.

Kwenikweni, mawuwa amanena kuti kalembedwe kamangidwe, amene kwavomelezedwa ndi Peter I. zitsanzo zambiri Tingaone mu St. Petersburg, kumene njira ntchito mwakhama ntchito yomanga nyumba zosiyanasiyana. Dziwani nthawi chimango - kuyambira 1697 mpaka 1730.

kalembedwe Izi makamaka chifukwa cha maziko a zitsanzo za German, Dutch ndi Swedish zomangamanga. Baroque Petro zambiri kusiyana ndi zina, monga ngati kuphedwa yosavuta zinthu buku, mizere bwino. Kalembedwe imeneyi, mosiyana ndi ena a ku Baroque, zinali ong'ambika ubale ndi chakale kalembedwe Byzantine. Iyi ndi mfundo yofunika kwambiri, chifukwa chakuti mwambo analipo pa zomangamanga Russian zaka zoposa 700.

mbali khalidwe la Petrine Baroque

Choncho, kunapatsidwa kwa tanthauzo la kalembedwe izi, komanso nthawi yake ankatengedwa. Tsopano m'pofunika kulankhula mwachindunji zokhudza paradaiso khalidwe. Ndi chimodzi cha zizindikiro chofunika kwambiri kukuchititsa zimenezi pa zomangamanga - chithunzi cha nyumba, kuphatikizapo mitundu 2, ntchito spiers mkulu, ndi planar kuphedwa mfundo zokongoletsa.

tcheru munthu ndi nyumba za mafumu ndi m'mapaki anamanga kalembedwe imeneyi. Chitsanzo chimodzi cha Peterhof, ndi Chilimwe Garden ndi zina zambiri m'mapaki zodabwitsa. Chitsanzo china odziwika kwa kalembedwe imeneyi ndi Hermitage Palace.

Kodi kachisi - momwe kumeneko?

Kotero, ankaona mbiri ya kachisi, magawo a zomangamanga ake, ndi zina zambiri. Tsopano m'pofunika kulankhula za kumene iye ali ndi momwe kuchikwaniritsa. Ambiri, mipingo Moscow Orthodox ali otchuka pakati alendo ndi anthu am'deralo. Kumene, onetsetsani kuti akaone Church Arhangela Gavriila.

Malowa ali pamtunda, monga tatchulazi, pa Chistye Prudy. malo ili mu mzinda wa Moscow, kuti adzafike kuno, silidzakhala Lofewa. Ndi ili ku Arkhangelsk kanjira 15a. Njira yabwino kwambiri kuti pano ali ku "Chistye Prudy" siteshoni okwerera sitima.