Mbiri ya Intaneti: panali ndi chaka chomwe chimene chinakhazikitsidwa

The kompyuta popanda Internet lero - chinthu zikuoneka kuti chilibe ntchito. Ndithudi, izi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri kulankhula, fufuzani zambiri, ndipo ngakhale ndalama. Koma sizinali nthawi zonse - poyamba maukonde kupangidwa cholinga pagona.

Mmene onse anayamba?

Choncho, kodi Internet lisanalengedwe, amene anaonekera, ndipo amene anali owerenga ake oyamba? "Makolo padziko lonse maukonde ankaona, ndithudi, Dipatimenti United States a silikhali amene mu 1957 anapita lingaliro la kufunika zida (vuto la nkhondo) dongosolo odalirika kuwombola wa mudziwe ntchito. Ntchito kulenga woyamba maukonde kompyuta anaikidwa pa mapewa a mabungwe kutsogolera US kafukufuku.

Ndiyamika ndalama wopatsa kuchokera ku Unduna wa silikhali, kale mu 1969 anaikidwa ntchito wotchedwa ARPANET, amene ogwirizana maukonde mudziwe a oyambitsa ake: California University, Stanford Center Research, University of Utah ndi California. Posachedwapa dongosolo chifukwa nchito zake ndi lonse anayamba kukhala ndi anakhala wotchuka kwambiri makamaka pakati pa asayansi a nthawi.

"The kutembenukira usiku" m'mbiri ya maukonde

Kodi chaka anatulukira Internet, ife tikudziwa kale. Koma zimene ankaona kuti tsiku la kubadwa kwake? Izi October 29, 1969. Lero ndi tsiku lero ankaona kuti chiyambi cha mbiri yake. Tiyeni kukumbukira zochitika za tsiku limenelo, kapena m'malo usiku. Zonsezi zinayamba pa 21:00, pamene woyamba gawo zonse pakati California ndi Stanford unachitikira. Kufala kwa mudziwe anasonyeza mwa University of California Charli Klayn, ndipo ndinamutengera iye ku Stanford Bill Duvall, kutsimikizira chiphaso cha wina chizindikiro pafoni. Koma ngati iwo ndikuti, pancake woyamba nthawi zonse chimauma kotero kuti pambuyo pa kumayambiriro a dongosolo la zilembo zitatu (chipika), analephera. Bright maganizo a American sayansi mu ola ndi theka kuti amange maulalo, ndi kale 22:30 ntchito adapitiriza: Bill Duvall anavomereza chiphaso cha athandizira mokwanira malamulo maukonde (LOGON).

Choncho ngati muli kufunika analengedwa ndi Internet mu chaka chimene, ngakhale wosazindikira kwambiri, kuyankha mosakayika October 29, 1969.

Email - kukankha misa

Chabwino, patatha kuti anapita ngati clockwork. Kale patapita zaka zitatu, October 2, 1971, kupangidwa wotchuka lero, zikutanthauza kulankhulana - imelo. Ndondomekozi uthenga woyamba pulogalamu olengedwa ARPANET,
Mpheroyi mizere 200. gwero Izi - ntchito Ray Tomlinson, kutsogolera injiniya BBN matekinoloje, anatulukira khalidwe kuti akutumikirabe ngati delimiter pakati dzina wosuta ndi adiresi ankalamulira. Lero chizindikiro ife monyadira kuitana "galu".

Mawu oyamba a imelo kuti misa zinali zoopsa mbiri ya chitukuko Internet. Imene chaka panali woyamba e-mail, zilibe kanthu. Chinthu chachikulu ndi uyamiko kwa Iye, ngakhale maukonde ungwiro wakhala lonse, angagwirizanitse yokha mamiliyoni owerenga chidwi.

The kuwonekera koyamba kugulu dziko

1973 imatengedwa chiyambi cha kutchuka mayiko a Intaneti, monga mwa transatlantic telefoni chingwe UK ndi Norway unali olumikizidwa dongosolo mudziwe US. Ndipo patapita zaka 10 ARPANET anapatsidwa dzina latsopano - Intaneti. Imene chaka panali akuti limene ife tsopano monyadira kuyitana World Lonse Web? Mu 1983.

Pa nthawi iyi, Internet wakhala osati njira kutumiza e-mail, komanso nsanja amatumiza uthenga ndi zolengeza. Mu 1984 iye anatulukira Dzina Domeni System, zomwe zinali kupereka loboti yabwino ndi keyala Internet. Mu chaka chomwecho izo analengedwa ndi linanso lalikulu Intercollegiate Network NSFNET, omwe analipo mpikisano woyenera kwa ARPANET.

Chiyambi cha njira zamakono kulankhulana

Intaneti lero sizingatheke ngati sanali anayamba IRC protocol, omwe anamasuliridwa m'zinenero wamba sikutanthauza kuti ena, monga "kucheza". Internet popanda izo sizikanakhala Intaneti. Imene chaka panali utumiki kulankhulana pompopompo? Mu 1988.

1989 chinali Kubwera kwa woona World Lonse Web. lingaliro Zimenezi Tim Barnes-Lee, amene akufuna anasonyeza kuti mudziwe panthawiyo maukonde mu umodzi ogwirizana, otchedwa World Lonse Web. Kupanga izo ankaganiza kudzera hyperlinks. Pa nthawi yomweyo kudali kuyatsa ndi protocol HTTP wakhala akupangidwa ndi HTML.

ARPANET unatha ndi posachedwapa - mu 1990, ndipo onse chifukwa cha NSFNET, amene anali wapamwamba kwa iye m'njira zambiri. Chaka chimodzi pambuyo linatulutsidwa osatsegula latsopano NCSA Mose, umene World Lonse Web linayamba kupezeka njira anthu kulankhulana. Kale monga cha 1997 pa Intaneti kunja makompyuta pafupifupi mamiliyoni 10 ndi zoposa wani miliyoni madambwe ndiwo anawerengedwa dongosolo.

Tsopano inu mukudziwa zomwe chaka analenga Internet, amene anachitira izo ndi chifukwa chake. Chirichonse chomwe icho chinali, ichi ndiko Kupambana chachikulu cha luso sayansi, limene kwa zaka zambiri anali mbali ya dziko ano.