Mbewu wapaulendo: chifukwa wotchedwa?

Mofanana ndi anthu ambiri, zomera mukufuna kupita, kugonjetsa osati zikwi makilomita malo, koma zaka mazana nthawi. Lonse kufalitsa zomera ndi kuswana mu zinthu zatsopano ndi bwino ndiponso zofunika chakudya pa tebulo, chinathandiza ndi kupezedwa Hrs zakale. Chimanga, tomato, mbatata, tsabola, fodya, mpendadzuwa, nyemba litapita kwa Europe pambuyo atulukira America.

Bwino zomera - ochokera kumayiko akutali?

Kamodzi ankaona osowa chidwi kunja mtengo zingawakhumudwitse mbatata - yokhazikika ya South America Andes Mountains - anadziŵa Europe ndi ku Spain mu caravels 16 m'ma yodzaza ndi golide ndi siliva. The Russia woyamba anakumana naye mu zaka zana la 17 mochedwa ndipo woyamba wamkulu monga mbewu ndi yokongola; ngakhale madona kwambiri adadzikometsera wokha ndi maluwa ake. The Russian mbewu wapaulendo mbatata n'zochepa kwambiri mbale patebulo la mfumu; mu 1741 pa chakudya mwambo akhoti zake zonse ntchito magalamu 500 okha. Mbatata sankadziwa mmene kukula chakudya ndi kudya zipatso chakupha osati tubers. Only mu theka lachiwiri la m'ma 19 icho chinali kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu alipidwa mankhwala khalidwe inkanyadira za malo pa chodyera tebulo munthu aliyense.

Phwetekere (phwetekere) - mbadwa ya Peru (ndiko kumene angathe kupezeka mu zipatso m'tchire chitumbuwa ndi kukula ndi kulemera kwa osapitirira 5 magalamu), njira Chitaliyana "golide apulo". Europe anadziwa tomato, kunja kwa America South m'zaka 18 mochedwa; mu Russia zomera monga mbewu chakudya chaonekera cha m'ma 19. America ankakhulupirira tomato chakupha, ngakhale poyesa poizoni zipatso za George Washington - pulezidenti woyamba.

Mpendadzuwa - komanso munthu wapaulendo?

Mpendadzuwa, mbewu kabwerebwere kwa ife, mlendo ku Mexico lakutali komwe anthu ankaona kuti ndi maluwa wopatulika, embodying dzuwa ndi woyenera kwabasi. Kamodzi m'zaka 16 kuchokera America kwa Ulaya, mbewu wapaulendo anakhala chokongoletsera m'munda wachifumu Madrid. Ndiye iye anagwa mchikondi ndi osankhika French: mfumu ya France, Louis XIV analamula kuti munda zomera mpendadzuwa ili pafupi Versailles. Mu kuziwerenga wa mbewu dzuwa ali Peter, pakumuwona mu Netherlands. Mfumu uja kunyumba thumba la mbewu mpendadzuwa, komwe wamkulu m'munda Kremlin monga chozizwitsa kunja. Ndi kuwala kotunga luso Russia mpendadzuwa mbewu anayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati azichitira ndi mafuta chokoma ndi onunkhira a mbewu yomweyo mpendadzuwa anachititsa ambiri ndi chofunika kwambiri.

Mbewu wapaulendo nkhaka - thermophilic ndi wodziwa mankhwala kwa ife - likukhalira amenenso kuyendera alendo, dziko la kwawo mbiri imatengedwa Asia Southeast ndi India. Zotsalira za nkhaka anaikidwa chakudya akufa wamkulu anapezeka m'manda Aigupto, ndi mu akachisi Indian mukhoza kuona kanjedza zogoba za masamba a. Mu Russia nkhaka anagunda 10-11 zana kuchokera Byzantium ndipo tsopano wakula mu madera ake, monga kutchire ndi greenhouses.

Plantain amayenda padziko lapansi yekha ndi

Kuyambira mbewu Udzu, omwe anakhala ambiri Russia, ine ndikufuna kuunikila psyllium. mankhwala akhala ngakhale mwana; pepala Ufumuyo chilonda, ayimitsa magazi ndi Amachepetsa ululu ndikuchiza. Chifukwa mbewu wotchedwa plantain-wapaulendo? Chifukwa chikhalidwe zofala M'madera ambiri adziko lapansi ndi adzalemekezedwa m'mayiko ambiri kuyambira nthawi zakale. Italy, Agiriki, Aperisi, ndi Aarabu kwambiri anapereka mbewu kwa katundu machiritso. Plantain ndi wokhoza kuteteza ndi mphamvu zoipa, kuthetsa mutu, kuthandiza kulumidwa ndi udzudzu ndi njuchi, kutupa m'malo olumikizirana mafupa mu thupi. Achimereka ndi mbewu wapaulendo amatchedwanso "zotsalira azungu", monga izo zinali ndi "munthu woyera", zomera anaonekera pa dziko lawo. Ndipo nkomwe atsamunda kusamutsidwa kwa dziko pa cholinga, mwinamwake, mbewu za mbewu mwangozi wothira mbewu zina kapena mu zidendene za nsapato ndi zinthu zina. Ndipotu Izi zikutsimikizira pa umoyo chodabwitsa chotero zomera zamatsenga. Mu Russia, dzina la plantain analandira malo kukula: mu misewu zambiri zikhoza wapezeka.

Atsopano chomera namsongole

Ku America ku Ulaya anabweretsedwa pineappleweed, imene 70s kwa zaka za m'ma 19 anaonekera ambiri pa otsetsereka sitima embankments kumene anasamukira ku Chile, kumene kufalikira ponseponse. Pali mbewu wapaulendo mphamvu ku Ulaya, pamodzi ndi anagula mbewu, zikuoneka kuti anali bwinobwino Achotsa mbewu udzu. Adzuka kudzera ming'alu m'galimoto, ndipo zidzabalalika.

Ena zomera apaulendo (huwakinto madzi ndi Elodea canadensis) akhala mkwapulo kwenikweni kwa madera ambiri. Waterweed pansi mayiwe, mphatso meadows wobiriwira kuposa kutilenga zoyezeka kusokonezedwa ndi panyanja komanso kupha nsomba. Chifukwa m'chiyero ndi mkulu kusinthasintha kwa zinthu aliyense wotchedwa "matendawa madzi" kapena "madzi mliri". Tsopano onse Asia ndi Ulaya amatunga kunapangitsa ndi zomera.

Osati otsika Elodie Canada madzi huwakinto - udzu zoipitsitsa malo onse ndi mitsinje, pamphasa wandiweyani waphimba pamwamba madzi. Zochokera ku America ngati chomera yokongola, izo mwamsanga ali kufalitsa mu madzi a Indonesia, Australia, ndi Philippines, Japan, Asia ndi Africa.

mphatso European America

Sikuti America Polemeretsedwa Europe pawailesi. European ndi ku Asia komanso musakhale ngongole, kuyambitsa America ndi mpunga, tirigu, balere, nzimbe, Beets ndi mbewu zina. Ambiri zomera apaulendo ali paubwenzi ndi munthu kulowa otchedwa commensal gulu (kuchokera Greek "syn." - pamodzi, "Anthropos" - anthu). Ubwenzi ndi munthu zinachititsa kuti ntchito zawo ambiri, chifukwa ambiri akhala cosmopolitans ndipo zimakhala mbali yaikulu ya dzikolo. zomera zimenezo zimaphatikizapo pigweed, dandelion, chikwama m'busa, bluegrass pachaka.