Mawu "Tsoka kwa nzeru". Aphoristic sewero lanthabwala A. S. Griboedova

"Tsoka kwa nzeru" - mmodzi mwa odziwika ndi ambiri ukutchulidwa ntchito mabuku Russian. Pa Pali ambiri nkhani monographs olembedwa, anachita yaikulu chuma.

"Amuyaya" aphorisms

Komabe, ulosi unakwaniritsidwa I. A. Goncharova zowonetseredwa ndi theka zapitazo: "Tsoka kwa nzeru", mwachidule zomwe ziri zodziwika bwino, mwinamwake, nzika iliyonse ya Russia, osati anayesedwa chiletso, komanso mayeso mbiri. Palibe pang'ono chinathandiza akuti aphoristic ndi olondola. Mawu "Tsoka kwa nzeru" amapereka mbali ya chikhalidwe cha Russian. Ndipotu, ngakhale pamaso Goncharova anzeru Pushkin ananena kuti "theka la vesi azilowamo Mwambi," kunena za chodabwitsa kalembedwe aphoristic la sewero lanthabwala.

Inde, lemba la sewerolo limatanthauza "wosweka" chifukwa amagwira a. Ambiri ku Russia tsopano ntchito aphorisms Griboyedov, ngakhale mosadziwa. Zikuoneka kuti nthawi zonse mu mawu Russian "Tsoka kwa nzeru" ngati "maola odala osati kuonera" kapena "ngwazi za buku langa." Mndandanda kumapitirirabe. Komanso, ndi mawu kwambiri "Tsoka kwa nzeru" - yochepa ndipo limaonetseratu chizindikiro cha mavuto maganizo a munthu. aphorisms wothwanima mu sewero lanthabwala moti amalenga nkhambakamwa za lightness. Ndipo zikuoneka kuti "Tsoka kwa nzeru" Griboyedov analemba mpweya umodzi, mu mkangano wa kudzoza.

kufufuza kulenga

Ndipo lero zikuoneka zachilendo kuti Griboyedov akhoza wosakayika mutu, ndinatola ndipo anawoloka mayina a m'nkhaniyi, ndi lingaliro kwambiri a mankhwala anali ndinasintha wosiyana zisankho zathu nthawi zonse.

Pa nthawi yomweyo, chirichonse chinali momwemo. Mutu wa "maganizo oipa" zinali akukondedwa sewero kunja XVIII-XIX zaka. Choyamba, zinali lililonse la French satirical sewero lanthabwala. Zinali ku French sewero lanthabwala Griboyedov kuphunzira ndi aphoristic zachidule. Koma pano pali chinthu: ndi kunyoza mu comedies awa anakhala osati anthu, koma pa exposer, amene ananditenga ntchito n'ngwokayikitsa woweruza ndi mneneri pa iyemwini. Msonkho kwa mwambo uwu ndipo anapereka Griboyedov. Mu sewero lanthabwala "Student" ngwazi Chikuvumbulanso kampaniyo, ndi monologues wake ali modabwitsa amatikumbutsa kulankhula mopsa mtima Chatsky, koma kumvera pa kulankhula ndi chosiyana. Ndipo si monga kuti mawu a "Tsoka kwa nzeru" molondola kwambiri ndipo bwinobwino. nkhani yonse pamalo mlembi. Ngati "Ophunzira" a woyambitsa chisoni ndi bwino osati kumbali ya ngwazi, mu sewero lanthabwala "Tsoka kwa nzeru" Griboyedov amatanthauza ngwazi ndi ovuta kwambiri. Kaŵirikaŵiri mfundo imeneyi si n'komwe. Soviet zolembalemba kutsutsa zambiri Zinasintha kukondera underestimating labambo Chatsky ngwazi. "Tsoka kwa nzeru" anali kutanthauziridwa mu njira yakuti Chatsky anali kamwa ya malingaliro a wolemba. Koma izi sizili choncho. Wanzeru moyo ndi zinachitikira zamtendere wolemba sewero lanthabwala "Tsoka kwa nzeru" credo sipangakhalenso anakonza ngati "utumiki anzeru kwa Lathu", bwino osati akuti chisoni oona mopupuluma Chatsky, komanso mavuto angathe kugwirizana ndi pathos wa negation okwana zonse ndi aliyense. Mlembi, ndithudi, akuchonderera udindo "tidzakhala okondwa gwape anatero," womwe wakhala wovuta (anamva mwa njira, ndi wolemba Aleksandra Alyabeva), koma osati onse Chatsky pafupi Griboyedov.

Chatsky ndi aphorisms

Choyamba, ngwazi si nzeru zokwanira, m'lingaliro - akukula. Osati mwangozi ndi kusodza mawonekedwe Chatsky m'gulu "Chad". Ndipo zoona, osati amanena za PY Chaadaev. Griboyedov amakopeka ndi mayanjano ndi muzu yokha "ana" - apa ndi "mwana" kuti ndi mwana, ndi amene mu "daze" - ndiko kuti, khungu, sangathe kuganiza bwino. Kenako, AS Griboyedov anapembedza "chilungamo" mayina a ngwazi, koma moyenerera ankakhulupirira kuti ali ndi makutu, amve.

maina khalidwe Aphoristic

akupangira amenewa, ndithudi, osati mwangozi, ngati tikumbukira kuti sewero lanthabwala linalembedwa "pamphambano" wa malangizo angapo monga Classicism ndi Choonadi Kuzindikira. Mu mwambo wa malo awa, makamaka chakale otchulidwa mayina "asanauzidwe" chikhalidwe, makalatawa khalidwe.

"Tsoka kwa nzeru" motere mwambo uwu. Kufotokoza mwa chidule za zisudzo wosonyeza kuti mayina pafupifupi onse anthu a mu njira ina ikukhudzana bwanji ndi kukambirana manenedwe: FAMUSOV (amene akunena), Skalozub (grins, koma silinenapo), MOLCHALIN (amene ali chete), REPETILOV (amene amatha okha kubwereza), etc. Chifukwa ndi chithunzi cha m'dera wogontha, amene sakhoza anamva, ndipo amene alibe kanthu kunena, anthu amene "uchimo sinkhani, mphekesera si zabwino." Chifukwa, mawu otchuka a "Tsoka kwa nzeru" ndi lowonjezera ndi wina - "Pali chinachake wosimidwa kubwera!"

Mawu a Ngwazi

M'nkhaniyi, ndi N'zosadabwitsa dzina waukulu ngwazi sewero lanthabwala - Chatsky. "Tsoka kwa nzeru" limayamba ndi chakuti ngwazi za iri yofulumira kuti chidzudzulo anakwiya ndi pafupifupi aliyense, koma zotsatira za nkhondo ndi zosachita mapeto. The ngwazi kwambiri zilizonse ndi maganizo, kuimira choopsa chilichonse kwa dziko Famusovs.

Wotchuka akhala mawu mapiko Chatsky, analemba komanso yokha ndi Sophia ( "Odala iwo amene akhulupirira - kutenthetsa izo mu dziko"), kumatikumbutsabe owawa mu chiwembu. Chatsky adzakhumudwa, manyazi, adzaperekedwa. Iye amapangitsa kanthu kutsimikizira ndipo panalibe munthu kukhulupirira. Chinthu chokha chimene chimandisautsa Famusov - ndi, "O! Oh, Mulungu wanga! Kodi adzati Mfumukazi Mary Aleksevna "!

mutu aphoristic

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti Baibulo loyambirira la sewero lanthabwala anali ndi dzina yosiyaniranapo, m'pamenenso lolunjika owerenga kwa wolemba unsembe, "Tsoka kwa lingaliro." Komabe, kusintha dzina la Griboyedov. Zingatanthauze kuti kusiyana ndi zazing'ono, koma kwenikweni ndi waukulu. "Tsoka malingaliro" - ndi tsoka munthu waluntha mu dera limene ena sali choncho anzeru. Ndipo mu sewero Griboyedov a nyimbo iyi, ndithudi, alipo.

Koma "Tsoka kwa nzeru" - dzina la tanthauzo timapangira, chifukwa mwina linali mawu otchuka. Society zoti kuti sichilungamo ndi chotheka kuti zikamera wa "maganizo" ndi zoopsa osati kwa "sing'anga maganizo a", komanso aliyense. Zikamera Chatsky zowawa zonse FAMUSOV (iye nkhawa milandu), Sophia (iye anataya wokondedwa ndi chikhulupiriro m'chikondi), MOLCHALIN (n'kutaya moyenera ntchito), iye Chatsky. "Tsoka kwa nzeru" wamangidwa pa chododometsa imodzi: lingaliro, chomwe chiyenera kubala chilengedwe, kumangom'bweretsera chiwonongeko. Amene ali ndi mlandu: kaya anthu kapena "maganizo oipa" Chatsky - owerenga ndi wowerenga ayenera kusankha yokha. Ndipo chifukwa phokoso leni kalekale, mwina wotchuka kwambiri losafuna funso Chatsky: "? Oweruza ndi ndani"