Manor Lefortovo: Mbiri ya chiyambi, kulongosola

Manor Lefortovo mu Moscow ndi chimodzi mwa zigawo wamkulu. m'gawo linasinthidwa kupitirira kuzindikira kwa zaka zambiri ndi zokhumba eni ake osiyana, nthawi iliyonse mmkudzionetsera khalidwe lawo wapadera ndi kununkhira.

m'mbiri

M'mbuyomu ndi zapiringizana ndi mbiri ya Lefortovo Yauza. mtsinje uwu amalowa kotala German. Woyamba leni kutchulidwa kwa midzi yosiyanasiyana ya alendo Moscow angapezeke mu zolemba za XVI - XVII zaka. The Livonia nkhondo chifukwa cha alendo likulu la Anatipatsa. Akukhulupirira kuti mzinda woyamba German Pamudzi, inali pakati pa mtsinje ndipo Yauzoy Kukui, unapangidwa kuchokera poselonnyh popanda Ivanom Groznym adani amene anagwidwa.

maluwa

Ulamuliro wa Petro 1 wapanga kuthetsa German ndi m'mudzi woyandikana la Chiwalitsiro mu mzinda wolemekezeka wa Moscow. mayiko amenewa akhalanso pachimake cha zandale Russia. Zinali mnzanga wa Peter ndipo Frantsa Leforta. M'tsogolo, adzakhala anzanu abwino. Nthawi zambiri, Petulo anakhala nthawi pa magombe a pa Yauza Mtsinje, mu wodzichepetsa nyumba ya bwenzi lake. Mfumu anapita Lefort nthawi zonse ndi anthu abwenzi mokondwera. Holo yaikulu, anamanga pogona mzake ndi cholinga alendo 1,500, linaperekedwa chifukwa Peter. Koma mfumu sikunali kokwanira. Mu 1697-1698 gg. pa malo a nyumba wodzichepetsa zinamangidwa mwala zinyumba, analipira kwathunthu boma akumeneko ndalama. Pamene iyo inayamba m'zaka XVII mochedwa. pansi pa utsogoleri wa Petro ziŵalo ankhondo a lonse lamanzere gombe anasamutsidwa ku midzi lankhondo la Chiwalitsiro, ndipo Lefortovo Semenovski regiments. Mu 1692, mu September, yomanga chipinda 500 asilikali. Iwo anaimirira mwachindunji kuti bwino, ndipo akanakhoza kukhala imeneyi ali kusiyanitsa malangizo a misewu ndi makwalala. Kuwoloka mtsinje, milatho latsopano, wotchedwa Asilikali 'ndi kuchipatala, ndipo mu 1711 anayamba kumanga mpingo mwala, wodziwika ndi dzina la Oyera Petro ndi Paulo. Chiyambireni cha kukhalapo Manor ake Lefortovo. Iye anamanga nyumba pafupifupi kukhala nthumwi Petra Velikogo. M'dera Zipatalazo latsopano yokondwerera February 1699 Mu March chaka chomwecho, mmodzi wa Peter anamwalira. Koma nyumbayi kupangika zina. Mu 1706-1707 gg. Iye anapanga dongosolo la Peter, ndipo anamanga akapitawo molasidwa 'goshpital usilikali ". Lamanzere gombe la Yauza m'zaka XVIII. Iyo inasonyeza malo kuyenda ndi kukhala, ndi mpando likulu la mfumu. Kumanga chinayambira F. A. Golovin - pafupifupi mfumu. Fedor Alekseevich mu 1701 anagula kwa Mkazi wa wamalonda nyumba mochedwa pafupi ndi Lefortovo nyumba ndipo tinamanga uchikumbe pa miyambo European. Kenako anakhala mpando wa mfumu. Kenako Manor ndi inagulidwa ndi Peter Lefortovo ndi Amlowam'malo Fedor Alekseevich. Mu malo ake Bidloo anayamba kumanga m'malo mwa Mfumu nyumba yatsopano ndipo anawonjezera madzi pa kumanga ake.

chitukuko

Pakuti Yauzoy ndipo akumanga nyumba zachifumu; Finca Lefortovo kukodzedwa. Mu ulamuliro wa Peter II, pa Komiti ndi m'bwalo, amene ndi nkhani yaikulu. Apa Peter II ndi Ekaterina Dolgorukaya anayamba pabanja, Wamkulukulu atamva Council anaganiza pampando wachifumu wa Courland Annu Ioannovnu, amene anali mwana wa mkulu wa Peter ine, pano ndi mukondwerera chigonjetso ake. Wolamulira walamula F. B. Rastrelli pa pomanga zipinda latsopano achifumu. Mu ulamuliro wa Paulo Ine, kuyambira 1796 mpaka 1801, munda anakhala Lefortovo tione asilikali perete kalembedwe. Catherine Palace inasanduka m'chipindacho Arharovskogo apolisi Regiment. Wakunja kwatawuni Komiti, yemwe anali nthumwi ya mfumu, mfumu yatsopano anaika pa gombe lamanja la Yauza, pafupi ndi nyumba yachifumu Lefort. Nyumba ili mbali zosiyana za mtsinje, anali kulumikiza mwala mlatho. Iye kachidutswa, ndipo tsopano anatsala. Lero ndi mlatho wamkulu mu Moscow. Ngakhale Paulo ndinali munthu womaliza amene anakhalapo kuno, pali nthawi zina chikondwerero zikondwerero, monga chitunda mpando wachifumu Alexander II mu 1856. Kuyambira 1830, mayiko amenewa ndi Blagushe-Lefortovo chigawo cha likulu.

pakalipano

Mu 2005, Moscow State Museum-Reserve unakhazikitsidwa. Pamafunikanso Golovin paki, umene ankamangidwanso ndi lotseguka kwa maulendo. Pa dera limene ndi zazikulu za Lefortovo, ndi ndemanga kwambiri adamthamangira. Alendo amene anabwera kuti adzawone pa malo awa, zimakhudza kuchuluka kwa zomangamanga, chokongoletsera zachifumu. Mosasintha chaka amakopeka okonda mbiri ya Manor Lefortovo. Kodi uku? Kuyenda kwa okwerera sitima. "Bauman" akhoza anafika mu mphindi 20. Kuchokera m'bwalo la okwerera atatu ku munda zimapita kwa sitima nambala 50, ndi mamita "Kursk." - Number 24. Pa trolley 24 akhoza anafika ndi mamita "Aviamotor" ndi mamita "Red Chipata" ...