Mankhwalawa "Daraprim": malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito, ndemanga, maonekedwe, mafananidwe ndi ndemanga

Matenda a malungo ndi magulu opatsirana opatsirana omwe amafalitsidwa kwa anthu atatha kulumidwa kwa udzudzu wa Anopheles. Pakuti matenda oterewa amakhala ndi malungo, chiwombankhanga, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly ndi kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi.

Ngati chithandizo chosayembekezereka ndi cholakwika cha malungo chimachitika, imfa (nthawi zambiri) imapezeka.

Nthawi zambiri, mankhwala "Daraprim" amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matendawa. Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito, ndemanga, mitengo ndi zifaniziro za mankhwalawa zidzaperekedwa pansipa.

Kuwongolera, mawonekedwe, kupakidwa ndi kufotokoza za kukonzekera

Mankhwala opangira "Daraprim", omwe amaphunzitsidwa omwe ali m'kabokosibokosi, akugulitsidwa ngati mapiritsi a matte-white color. Chinthu chogwira ntchito cha wothandizila omwe akuganiziridwa ndi pyrimethamine.

Mukhoza kugula mankhwala awa m'magulu a makondomu, omwe amaikidwa mu makatoni makapu.

Mbali za mankhwala

Kodi mankhwalawa ndi "Daraprim"? Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito amasonyeza mankhwala awa antiprotozoal. Ali ndi antitoxoplasmoid komanso matenda a chiwembu, komanso amalimbikitsa kutseka kwa folate reductase, yomwe imasintha folic acid kukhala folinic asidi.

Mankhwalawa ndi othandiza polimbana ndi plasmodia ndi causative wothandizira toxoplasmosis. Icho chilinso ndi zochita za schizontocidal.

Mu thupi la munthu, mankhwala omwe ali mu funsowo samakhudza mitundu (kugonana) ya plasamudiumdium ya malaria, chifukwa ilibe ntchito ya gamontocidal. Komabe, mankhwalawa amatha kuthetsa mchitidwe wa umuna ndi gamont mu thupi la transporter (ndiko kuti, ali ndi masewera a gamontostatic effect).

Zizindikiro za kulandiridwa kwa mankhwala

Mankhwalawa "Daraprim", omwe adzalangizidwa m'munsimu, akuwongolera ndi kulandira malungo. Amaperekedwanso kuti toxoplasmosis (yobadwa ndi yovomerezeka) ndi uveitis (toxoplasmosis kapena osadziwika kuchokera).

Mapiritsi osiyana

Pansi pazifukwa ziti sangathe kulemba mankhwalawa "Daraprim"? Malangizowo amati mankhwalawa akutsutsana ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amapezeka ndi kusowa kwa folic acid.

Pokhala ndi chisamaliro chapadera, mankhwalawa amalembedwa kuti zikhale zosayenerera bwino ndi chiwerengero cha chiwindi kapena impso.

Mankhwala "Daraprim": malangizo othandizira

Zizindikiro za mankhwalawa zidzalembedwa m'munsimu.

Tengani mapiritsi awa ayenera kukhala mkati. Mlingo wawo umadalira zizindikiro.

Poletsa malungo, mankhwalawa amalembedwa 1 piritsi kamodzi patsiku. Ana omwe ali ndi zaka 5 mpaka 10 akulimbikitsidwa kutenga mankhwala mu mlingo wa theka.

Kukonzekera koyenera kumayambika posakhalitsa kapena mwamsanga mutangobwera kudera limene kuli ndi mwayi waukulu wodwala malungo. Pa nthawi yomweyi, kutenga mankhwala pa mlingo woyenera ayenera kupitilizidwa mwezi wotsatira.

Kodi mungatenge bwanji mankhwala osokoneza bongo "Daraprim"? Malangizowo amavomereza kuti chithandizo cha matenda oterowo chikuchitika mwanjira yovuta. Mankhwalawa akuphatikizidwa ndi "Sulfadoxine" kapena "Sulfaleno". Amapatsidwa kuchuluka kwa mapiritsi 3 pa 1 phwando. Ana a zaka zapakati pa 9-14 amapatsidwa mapiritsi awiri a pyrimetrine, ndi zaka 4-8 - imodzi.

Pofuna kulandira toxoplasmosis, ana oposa zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi komanso akuluakulu akulimbikitsidwa kutenga mapiritsi awiri a "Daraprima" patsiku, ndi ana 2-6 zaka chimodzi.

Kutalika kwa mankhwala ndi mankhwalawa ndi masabata 3-6. Ngati kuli kotheka, maphunzirowo akhoza kubwerezedwa.

Zovuta zochitika

Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opatsirana pogonana kungayambitse mbali zosiyanasiyana. Tidzakhumudwitsidwa kaŵirikaŵiri:

• Kupweteka kwa m'mimba kwapakhosi, kupweteka mutu, kuuma pammero kapena pakamwa, kufooka, kunyowa;
• Umaliseche, kusanza, dermatitis, kutsekula m'mimba (kumayambiriro kwa chithandizo), kutupa, kupweteka;
• Sinthani mtundu wa nkhumba, malungo, kuchepa kwa magazi, leukopenia;
• Kugwa kwa circulatory, thrombocytopenia, zilonda m'kamwa, phenylalanine, kusowa tulo.

Kuyanjana kwa Mankhwala

"Warfarin" ndi "Quinidine" zimawonjezera poizoni ndi mphamvu ya mankhwala.

Kuopsa koopsa kwa chiwindi kwa chiwindi kumawonjezeka kwambiri pamene kuphatikiza kwa "Daraprima" ndi "Lorazepam". Myelosuppression, yomwe imayambitsidwa ndi cytostatics (kuphatikizapo Methotrexate), ikuwonjezeranso.

Kwa ana omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'magazi ndi CNS, pambuyo poyambitsa "Pirimetamine" ndi "Methotrexate", amatha kugwidwa.

Kwa anthu omwe amavutika ndi mitsempha ya m'mitsempha yambiri, kulandiridwa kwa "Cytosine-arabinoside", "Aurorubicin" ndi pyrimethamine kungayambitse kupweteka kwa mafupa.

Malangizo apadera okhudza mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Mankhwalawa akuyang'aniridwa mosamala kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la chibwibwi kapena chodziletsa, komanso kufooka kwa folic acid kapena kuperewera kwa zakudya.

Pothandizidwa ndi toxoplasmosis pofuna kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha mafupa, m'pofunikanso kuphatikizapo calcium kapena folic acid.

Pa nthawi yonse ya chithandizo, magazi a wodwalayo ayenera kuyesedwa mlungu uliwonse.

Malemba ndi mtengo

Mtengo wa ndalama zomwe zili mu funsowu ndi pafupi 7-8,000 rubles. Palibe mafananidwe apangidwe ku kukonzekera. Komabe, akatswiri ena amanena kuti mankhwala monga "Milife", "Zinerit" (ufa), "Plakvenil" ndi "Lariam" ali ndi katundu wofanana.

Ndemanga

Tsopano mukudziwa mankhwala omwe ali ndi mankhwala "Daraprim." Malangizo, mtengo wa chida ichi chinaperekedwanso m'nkhaniyi.

Kupeza ndemanga za ogula za mankhwalawa ndi zovuta kwambiri. Ndipotu, monga momwe tikudziwira, pafupifupi 85-90% za matenda omwe ali ndi matendawa amabwera kumadera a Africa. Monga lamulo, ana osakwana zaka zisanu ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV.

Akatswiri amanena kuti atagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, kufa kwa malungo kwachepa kwambiri. Komabe, sikuti anthu onse ali ndi mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa.