Malo Turgenev, Ivan Sergeyevich?

A tingachipeze powerenga mabuku Russian, inde ndi chete chosintha - Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev - zinakhudza chitukuko cha chikhalidwe ndi ndinaganiza m'dziko lathu. mabuku ake owuziridwa ndi kuphunzitsa mbadwo wa achinyamata a m'dziko lathu. Ngakhale pang'ono lero tikudziwa kuti zimakhudza mapangidwe zidzakhalira wolemba pamene anakhala, ntchito, ndi kumene Turgenev anabadwa.

oyambirira ubwana

Kuphunzira mozama za wolemba aliyense ndi mwambo kuyamba ndi kuphunzira ubwana wake, kuweruza, komanso chilengedwe, amene mwa njira zina zimakhudza izo. anthu osadziwa, makamaka ophunzira, sakumvetsa, kumene Turgenev anabadwa mu mzinda zimene kumuyitana kunyumba kwa mayi munda wa. Ndipotu, powerenga Russian ngakhale ndi watanthauzo kwambiri ubwana wake, anabadwa akali Orel.

Akatswiri a wotchuka wolemba XIX atumwi, ananena kuti zidindo za ana onse a zapamwamba Russian pambuyo akamagwiritsa ntchito zake. Nthawi ndi malo kumene anabadwira, Turgenev, zinali zinthu molimba ubale wake ndi boma zilipo.

A chinyezimiro cha imfa ubwana mu mabuku

Ivan Sergeyevich wotsikayo kuchokera banja wakale zabwino, bambo wake - wophunzira bwino, mfulu madona mwamuna ndi anthu - ndi wosiyana kwambiri ndi mphamvu ndi wankhanza mayi Varvara Petrovna, nee Lutovinovo. Patapita nthawi, zinthu zonse malo Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev, anakulira, adzaukitsidwa mu ena mwa nzika za ntchito zake. Ndi zifanizo za mayi ake ndi agogo ake adzakhala prototypes mphamvu ndiponso yankhanza mwinimunda ku mkombero "Mfundo za Hunter".

M'dera limene iye anabadwa Turgenev anali wolemera moona Russian chikhalidwe ndi miyambo yakale. Ivan Sergeyevich ankakonda nkhani za serfs wa mayi ake, alowa maloto awo ndi zowawa. Ndi apa, mu malo banja, wolembayu amadziwa zimene ukapolo, kudedwa zodabwitsazi. zokumana Ana anapanga cholimba malo a wolemba, moyo wake wonse iye kulimbikitsa ufulu wa munthu aliyense, kaya chiyambi chake.

Chithunzi kwambiri momveka bwino ntchito Turgenev a - izo kuchepa mphamvu zazikulu akale, amene ankaimira sakuyendetsa otchuka, ndi alibe miyoyo zochita za anzeru a. maganizo onsewa anauziridwa ndi izo banja chisa chilengedwe.

Manor Spasskoe- Lutovinovo

Pamene funso n'lakuti, kumene Turgenev anabadwa, zonse mwakamodzi kukumbukira fanizo la buku sukulu. Linden Alley, ozama mwa masamba kuwala kwa dzuwa ndi nyumba yakale ndi mizati woyera. Osati zonse kumbukirani dzina la Manor, ndi malo Turgenev, koma padziko pano zinthu zayamba kwambiri kufooketsedwa ndi ntchito wolembayo, tikhoza kunena kuti apa anabadwa Russian mabuku zapamwamba.

Apa, anakakamizika kupita ku ukapolo, zinalembedwa nkhani "alendo" ndi ntchito unpublished "Onse awiri" nkhani "Pa Nightingale", komanso buku lotchuka kwambiri lonena za analephera chosintha "Rudin". Panali chete ndi zachilengedwe zokongola zonse wa wokonda zilandiridwenso ndi kudzikonda mlandu. N'zosadabwitsa kuti tingachipeze powerenga nthawi zonse anabwerera kuno pambuyo paulendo wautali padziko Europe.

Turgenev anali osati mawu ankatsutsa ukapolo, iye anapereka mpata kwa serfs zawo (zomwe zambiri kale anali mu utumiki monga mfulu), wolemba bungwe mu sukulu munda ana ndi mtundu wa kunyumba okalamba. Mpaka mapeto a moyo wake, Ivan Sergeyevich Pamilunguyo miyambo European kulemekeza ufulu wa munthu aliyense.

kugwirizana

Atamwalira amake, wolemba kuzilandira kwambiri ya cholowa m'bale wake Nicholas, koma anasiya yekha malo omwe anali wosangalala - banja malo Spasskoye Lutovinovo. N'kumene Nicholas wake ukapolo ine ndikuyembekeza kuti pokambirana ndi wolemba wokhotakhota. Koma chilango analephera, Ivan Sergeyevich anabalalitsa serfs wake onse ndipo anapitiriza kulemba mabuku zokayikitsa pabwalo.

Kumeneko, iye anabadwira, Ivan Turgenev, ndipo pamene iye anali m'ndende lamulo Mfumu, anali zambiri ankabwera ndi geniuses ena a mabuku Russian. Kuthandiza mnzake wa ku Spasskoe- Lutovinovo panthawi zosiyanasiyana kawirikawiri ndi Nikolai Nekrasov, Afanasiy Fet ndi Leo Tolstoy. Pambuyo pa ulendo uliwonse kunja Turgenev anabwerera kuno, ku munda banja. Apa iye analemba "Ichi Nest", "abambo ndi ana" ndi "madzulo," ndipo aliyense philological phunziro lalikulu ntchito izi sizingatheke popanda kutchula zochitika za mabuku ndi mbiri ya malo Spassky Lutovinovo.

Turgenev Museum

Mu Russia lero, ambiri anasiya ndi kuwononga minda manorial. Ambiri a iwo anawonongedwa mu nthawi ya Civil nkhondo, ena nationalized kapena anagwetsa, ndi ena chabe anawonongedwa ndi nthawi komanso kusowa yokonza.

Mbiri ya chuma, kumene Ivan Turgenev anabadwa, ndi zomvetsa chisoni kwambiri. nyumba anatentha kangapo, katundu ankalandidwa, ndi wotchuka Njira wandiweyani m'nkhalango ya udzu. Koma ayamikike okonda mabuku Russian pa Soviet nyengo Nyumbayi wabwezeretsedwa ku zojambula otsala ndi zojambula. Pang'onopang'ono mwa dongosolo ndi infield, ndipo masiku ano pali kowonera zakale wotchedwa pambuyo Ivana Sergeevicha Turgeneva, upamwamba dziko ndi wotchuka namatetule mabuku Russian.