Mafupa a chiuno aimpso kukodzedwa akhanda. pyelectasia impso mwana

Mu Pediatrics ano zachilendo matenda osiyanasiyana a dongosolo excretory. Ndipo nthawizina pa njira madokotala cheke kuti impso mafupa a chiuno kukodzedwa akhanda. Mwachibadwa, monga matenda amachititsa makolo mantha kuyang'ana mudziwe zambiri za matenda amenewa. Ndiye kodi oopsa icho? Kaya n'zotheka kuti muone zizindikiro pyeloectasia nokha? Kodi mankhwala amafuna mwana? Kodi mavuto a matenda amagwirizana? Mayankho a mafunso amenewa adzakhala othandiza kwa makolo ambiri.

Aimpso mafupa a chiuno: ndichiyani? A ulendowu mwachidule mu thunthu la

Ndi palibe chinsinsi chimene impso ndinu ziwalo zofunika excretory. Ndipo pofuna kumvetsa zimene pyelectasia ayenera mwachidule bwino mbali anatomical m'thupi la munthu.

Impso - ziwalo wophatikizidwa imakhala kuseri wosanjikiza parietal wa peritoneum wa lumbar msana. Aliyense impso aphimbidwa ndi wandiweyani kapisozi fibrous limene lili mwachindunji m'munsimu parenchyma ongokhala mankhwala yokhudza kotekisi ndi oziziritsa - imene ili mkati thupi, mkati mwa ndilo dongosolo la kudzikundikira ndi excretion wa mkodzo.

Zinthu zing'onozing'ono dongosolo ndi calyx aimpso, amene kuphatikiza ndi mzake kupanga kapu zikuluzikulu. Nawonso zovuta anapangidwa kuchokera mbale otchedwa mafupa a chiuno aimpso. Ndi chiyani icho? Kapangidwe lino limene mkodzo Akusonkhanitsa ndipo zimalowa ureter lapansi. The lamanja ndi lamanzere ureters kulinyamula mwachindunji mu chikhodzodzo.

Pamene ife tingakhoze kunena kuti kukodzedwa mafupa a chiuno aimpso? Wakudziko ndi kudwala

Mwachibadwa, kuti aone ngati pali chosayenerera mwana, m'pofunika kuyerekeza magawo ndi mfundo za chovomerezeka. Chotero kodi kukula ayenera mafupa a chiuno yachibadwa? Zimadalira m'badwo wa mwana:

• kwa mwana wosabadwayo pamaso masabata 32 a mlingo mimba pafupifupi 4-5 mamilimita;
• ndi mwana wosabadwayo 32-36 masabata, Chiwerengerochi ayenera kukhala wolingana 7-8 mamilimita;
• kukula kwa wakhanda mafupa a chiuno sayenera upambana 7 mm.

Chotero kodi pyelectasia? kudwala Izi amakhala ndi kukula kwa mafupa a chiuno ndi aimpso. Iwo ayenera yomweyo kudziŵika kuti si nthenda palokha - ndi chifukwa cha anomalies alipo a dongosolo mkodzo. Mwa njira, kudwala zimenezi zingachitikire ndiponso pambuyo pa kubadwa kwa mwana.

Gawo matenda

M'kagulu matenda mu njira zingapo. Mwachitsanzo, pyelectasia mwana akhoza kukhala chimanjamanja, anasiya amaganiza ndi iwiri amaganiza. Komanso, kutenga nkhani chifukwa ndi nthawi ya mafupa a chiuno thambo kugawana matenda on:

• kobadwa nako organic kutambasuka (chifukwa cha nthenda yoopsa chitukuko ziwalo mkodzo);
• chibadidwe zazikulu kutambasuka - matenda kugwirizana ndi outflow ya mkodzo nthawi anapezeka makanda;
• kuthi impso mu pyelectasia mwana - akufotokozera atabadwa chifukwa cha kuvulala ziwalo mkodzo kapena kutupa mu dongosolo excretory;
• kuthi zazikulu kutambasuka - zinalembedwa urolithiasis kapena kukhalapo kwa zotupa.

Zimayambitsa chachikulu cha chitukuko matenda

Ngati pa kuyenderako chinapezeka kuti mafupa a chiuno aimpso kukodzedwa wakhanda Nkofunika kudziwa chifukwa. Monga ulamuliro, kukula kwa kusintha ndi chifukwa kuphwanya outflow ya mkodzo - madzimadzi amasonkhana aimpso mafupa a chiuno dongosolo aimpso, kuchititsa kukula. Poyankha, mkhutu outflow wa madzimadzi akhoza kugwirizana ndi pathologies osiyana.

Zifukwa zikuphatikizapo kuchepetsa wa ureter kapena Kukweza mawu. Nthawi zina pa zifukwa zosiyanasiyana, valavu wagawo ureteropelvic pawiri anapanga bwino, umene ndi mkodzo wayamba kudziunjikira mu impso ndi. Pyelectasia mwana akhoza kugwirizana ndi kufooka minofu - amaonetsa makanda msanga.

Nthawi zina ziwiya ali wothinikizidwa ureters kapena ziwalo zina pafupi, makamaka ngati pali zosiyanasiyana kuvutika yoopsa. Zifukwa monga kupezeka kwa zotupa (kuphatikizapo chosaopsa) ndi urolithiasis chifukwa organic kapena mchere mapangidwe akhoza occlude wa lumen wa ureters ndi kusokoneza otaya yachibadwa a madzimadzi.

Iwo imatsimikizirika kuti pali kutengera za kumtundu ndi zina. Zifukwa monga katundu pa mimba (pamaso pa chisanadze eclampsia, eclampsia), komanso pachimake kutukusira kwa impso mayi pa gestation.

Kodi zizindikiro za matenda limodzi ndi?

Pyelectasia mwana kawirikawiri amapezeka popanda zizindikiro zilizonse. Nthawi zina n'zotheka kuona zizindikiro zina sanali enieni - mwanayo amalira kwambiri, nthawi zina amataya kudya, amakhala wosakhazikika.

Ana okulirapo zina akudandaula cha ululu pamimba ndi mu dera lumbar. A chowawa syndrome ndi vuto kukodza n'zothekanso, koma iwo amaonera mavuto pyeloectasia, kuphatikizapo mapangidwe miyala impso kapena chitukuko cha matenda yotupa.

The pyelectasia oopsa? zotsatira zotheka

Nthawi zambiri, impso mwana pyelectasia mtima wabwino. Komabe, pali kuthekera kwa mavuto, Choncho mndandanda awo ayenera kuwerenga:

• Chifukwa cha kuthamanga bwino mu chikhodzodzo achuluke mofulumira ureter (megaureter) ndi stenosis wotsatira.
• Anyamata zina anati valvular zapambuyo mkodzo.
• Zovuta monga vesicoureteral Reflux, imene pali kubwerera otaya mkodzo mu nyumba ya impso.
• Kutupa ureters ndi (urethrocele), zomwe zimachititsa kusokoneza pokodza yachibadwa.
• Ngati kuchuluka mafupa a chiuno aimpso, izo amalenga pa chitukuko miyala impso ana.
• Hydronephrosis - ndi kudwala chimene ndi kuwonjezeka mwadzidzidzi a mafupa a chiuno ndi aimpso, ndi ureter amakhala mwakale.
• Ureter amagwa mu mkodzo kapena nyini (ectopia).
• Kusokonezeka kwa otaya yachibadwa ya mkodzo kungachititse kuti chitukuko cha pyelonephritis ndi minofu aimpso sclerosis.

Matenda Zamatenda ndi Zoyambitsa Njira

Kodi ndikudziwa kuti mafupa a chiuno aimpso kukodzedwa wakhanda? Izi zikhoza kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito ultrasound impso ndi peritoneal patsekeke. Mwa njira, malingana ndi kuwerengera, ndi impso bwino zimakhudza zambiri kuposa kumanzere. Pali lamulo lina - chifukwa cha makhalidwe thupi ndi zambiri pyeloectasia anyamata. Komano, iwo amakhala kuti ndi matenda wachete, mofulumira anabauka lokha.

Komanso, mayeso X-ray imachitika, kuphatikizapo cysto- ndi urography. Mwachibadwa, kukula kwa mafupa a chiuno pambuyo pokodza sayenera kusinthidwa - ndi chimodzi zambiri chizindikiro cha matenda amene angathe kuonedwa pa mayesero.

kuphwanya Tingaone zimenezi ngakhale pamaso mwana wabadwa. Kuyambira masabata 17 a mimba pa ultrasound Kupenda ndi dokotala wodziwa kuzindikira kusintha kukula kwa mafupa a chiuno ndi aimpso.

Kodi pali mankhwala alionse ogwira?

Intrauterine chithandizo cha yoopsa palibe. Nthawi zambiri, monga kukula ndi vuto chitukuko yoopsa Mwamsanga palokha asanabadwe. Ngati mafupa a chiuno aimpso kukodzedwa wakhanda, dokotala pambuyo maphunziro akhoza kupanga wogwira mtima mankhwala chakudya.

Kumene, kuchepetsa kukula kwa mafupa a chiuno ntchito mankhwala n'zosatheka. Ndipo chifukwa mankhwala yafupika kulandira mankhwala kuti atsogolere otaya mkodzo. Chithandizo kumatengera pamaso matendawo. Pamene kutupa yoikidwiratu mankhwala odana ndi yotupa, mu urolithiasis - zikutanthauza amatha kupasuka yaing'ono mapangidwe mchere ndi imathandizira excretion awo.

Pa miyezi itatu iliyonse, muyenera pochitika ndi matenda akupanga. Kotero dokotala amatha younikira mphamvu ya matenda. Malinga ndi kafukufuku, nthawi zambiri pyelectasia akudutsa yokha mafupa a chiuno kukula kubwerera mwakale ngati mwana limakula.

Mu Zikavuta kwambiri opaleshoni. Opaleshoni akusonyeza milandu kumene kudwala akupitiriza kupita patsogolo, choncho chakhungu impso ntchito. The zikuoneka pamaso pa mavuto, kuphatikizapo Reflux vesicoureteral, ectopia, urolithiasis. Childs, njira endoscopic opaleshoni ntchito, zomwe kupewa opaleshoni yotsegula ndipo nthawi yaitali konzanso.

Kupewa zosokonezeka

Mwatsoka, mwachindunji zodzitetezera kulibe. Kumene, mayi woyembekezera ayenera kuwunika ukupeza, pomwepo kukumana mankhwala a matenda ena yotupa, ndipo tisaiwale kuti lichitepo yoopsa ultrasound. Ngati chosayenerera ndi matenda mu utero, dokotala yanu mosamala kuyan'ana mkhalidwe wa ana akhanda, zimene zingakuthandizeni kupewa mavuto.

Malamulo omwewo ayenera kuchitidwa ndi atabadwa mwana - aliyense 3-6 miyezi kuchita ultrasound wa genitourinary dongosolo.