Lakes of Russia. Nyanja yakuya kwambiri ku Russia. Maina a nyanja za ku Russia. Nyanja yaikulu kwambiri ku Russia

Madzi akhala akugwira ntchito pa munthu osati zosangalatsa zokha, komanso zolimbikitsa. Anthu anabwera kwa iye ndipo adamuuza za zisoni zawo, m'madzi ake osadziwika anapeza wapadera pachipangano ndi mgwirizano. N'chifukwa chake nyanja zambiri za ku Russia ndi zodabwitsa kwambiri.

Kukongola ndi chithumwa cha madzi

Mipiritsi yowonongeka - izi zimayimirira madzi, kuzungulira kumbali zonse ndi mabanki. Malo ena opembedza, zosangalatsa zokondweretsa. Kodi nyanja ndi chiyani? Zitha kukhala zakuya (nthawi zina zimakhala zozama kuposa nyanja) komanso zosazama, zatsopano komanso zamchere, zazikulu m'deralo ndi zing'onozing'ono, zaphalaphala, tectonic, moraine. Zaka zawo ndi zosiyana. Palibe mapepala oipa kapena osangalatsa, mapu a mitsinje ndi nyanja za ku Russia amasonyeza kuti pali chiwerengero chosatha, ndipo aliyense ali wokongola ndi wangwiro m'njira yakeyo.

Mosakayikira munthu aliyense amene adayendera dziko lino kamodzi, kapena wokhalamo adzakhala ndi nyanja yomwe amamukonda kapena yopatulika. Mulimonsemo, ulendo wawo umalimbikitsidwa kwambiri. Mukadzawona Nyanja ya Baikal kapena Nyanja ya Teletskoe ndipo mudzakondana nayo kamodzi kokha! Awa ndi malo amphamvu omwe amadzaza ndi mphamvu pambuyo pa zaka zogwira ntchito, mpweya wokhala mumzinda wa mzinda komanso nthawi yaitali. Ndikofunika kuti tisamaganizire zokhazokha zokongola, komanso kuti tizisamala.

Kuzama kwa Baikal

Kodi nyanja yakuya kwambiri ku Russia ndi yotani? Zoonadi, izi ndizomwe zimakhala zovuta komanso zosiyana kwambiri ndi Baikal! Ngakhale mwana wa sukulu anamva za iye. Ndi malo amatsenga okhaokha omwe ali ndi madzi oyera, omwe ali ndi nsalu yakuda nthawi zonse. Ngati kulibe mtambo kumwamba, pamwamba pa madzi kumangokhala emerald! Nyanja yakuya ndikulingalira kwachilengedwe ndipo ikuphatikizidwa mundandanda wa UNESCO. Madzi apa ndi atsopano, ndipo kuya kwake kufika mamita 1642, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zifanane ndi kuya kwa nyanja ya Arctic (kuya 1220 mamita). Ngati mwadzidzidzi mulibe madzi atsopano , nyanja yakuya ku Russia idzatha kuthetsa ludzu la anthu padziko lonse lapansi kwazaka 50, chifukwa ilo limapanga gawo limodzi mwa magawo asanu mwazigawo zonse.

Ikuonedwa ngati nyanja yakale kwambiri. Taganizirani izi - zaka zake ndi zaka 25 miliyoni! Kuzama kwake kumabwera chifukwa cha kuphulika kwakukulu padziko lapansi. Pang'onopang'ono kuvutika maganizo kumakula. Chilumba chachikulu ndi chilumba cha Olkhon, chokwera makilomita 71. Amagawaniza Baikal kukhala Mwapang'ono (mbali ya kummawa) ndi Nyanja Yaikulu (kumadzulo).

Madzi apa ali oyera, kotero mukhoza kuwona mamita 40, zomwe zimapangitsa kusiyanitsa anthu akumidzi. Kutentha kwa madzi nthawi zambiri kumakhala pafupi + madigiri 8 Celsius. Komanso Baikal ndi wotchuka chifukwa cha akasupe ake otentha. Mizinda iwiri ikuluikulu, yomwe ili pafupi ndi madzi ake - iyi ndi Irkutsk ndi Ulan-Ude. Pafupi ndi bata pamtunda wa nyanjayi sizowoneka bwino. Zivomezi zazing'ono ndi zazikulu pano zimachitika nthawi zonse.

Pearl wa Karelia - Nyanja ya Onega

Baikal ndi malo okongola kwambiri, koma palinso nyanja zina ku Russia zomwe zimagonjetsa apaulendo ndi chinsinsi chawo. Izi zikuphatikizapo Onega. Iyenso inayamba kutchedwa nyanja, popeza ili lalikulu kwambiri ku Europe pambuyo pa Ladoga. Kutalika kwa nyanjayi ndi makilomita 245, kuya kwakukulu ndi mamita 130. Kuyambira nthawi yofiira, pakhala pali anthu ambiri ammudzi - nsomba ndi amphibiya. Malo awa ndi mgodi wa nyama zomwe amakonda okonda nsomba. Malo okwera kumpoto ndi abwino kuti malo okhala ndi nsomba zamtengo wapatali azikhala: nyamayi, salimoni, sterlet.

Nyanja Peipsi - kukula kwa matope

Kodi malo amodzi ndi okongola kwambiri amachokera kuti? Kumpoto, monga ena ambiri. Nyanja ya Peipus ili pafupi ndi Latvia ndi Estonia. Amalekanitsa mayiko awiriwa kuchokera ku dera la Pskov. Kutalika kwautali kwambiri ndi makilomita 90, ndipo m'lifupi ndi makilomita 47. Nyanja imakhala ikudzaza ndi madzi kuchokera mitsinje yambiri ndi mitsinje ikuluikulu. Kodi nyanja ya Peipsi ya kumpoto ndi yotani? Zimayimira mndandanda wambiri wa madunes omwe amayenda patali. Kutalika kwawo kumakhala kokongola kwambiri - pafupifupi asanu ndi atatu, ndipo apa ndi apo ndi mamita 10. Pafupi ndi kumadzulo, ming'oma imakhala yowonjezera. Mbali ya kum'mwera ndi miyala ya granite ya ku Finnish.

Palinso kachilumba, kotayika mu madzi okongola kwambiri. Ili kum'mwera kwa nyanja ndipo limatchedwa "Wish" ("Mezha"). Komanso amakhala ndi midzi ing'onoing'ono iwiri.

Chosangalatsanso kwa apaulendo ndi mbali ya kumadzulo kwa Peipsi Lake. Mphepete mwa nyanjayi muli malemba awo apadera. Malo osungiramo malo amodzi akuphatikizapo maulendo apamwamba komanso nyanja yozama. Makapu amenewa ndi okwera kwambiri moti amatha kufika mamita 24. Kuya kwa nyanjayi ndi mamita 7.5. Kodi pansi ndi chiyani? Amakhala ndi mchenga, mvula ndi mchenga. Si madzi a kristal monga Nyanja ya Baikal kapena Alps, kuchokera ku malo okongola. Mvula yamvula imapangitsa madzi kukhala mitambo. Malo amenewa sanakhalenso osasamala. Madzi ambiri amakhala ndi nsomba zosiyanasiyana. Pali burbot, pikeperch, saumoni ndi ena.

Great Ladoga

Maina a nyanja za Russia ndi okongola bwanji! Mwachitsanzo, Ladoga Lake, yomwe imatikongoletsa ndi kukongola kwa chikhalidwe cha kumpoto ndikukhala mpulumutsi pa nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse. Mabanki akumpoto ali ndi labyrinths of straits. Palinso zisumbu ndi mitengo zomwe zikukula pa iwo. Pansi penipeni mowonjezereka amakula kuchokera kummwera (mamita 51) kupita kumpoto (kuya mamita 230).

Pali zilumba zambiri zomwe zimakhala zozizira ngati miyala yodabwitsa, kutalika kwake kufika mamita 70. Gombe la kum'maŵa silili lolimba ngati nyanja ya kumadzulo, kumene mungapeze nkhalango ndi zitsamba. Nyanja Ladoga imadyetsa pamadzi a mitsinje makumi atatu ndi awiri. Amayenda kuchokera ku mtsinje wa Neva, mtsinje wosefukira, womwe umatalika kufika makilomita 74.

Mwa njira, pali masiku ambiri amvula pano, ngakhale kuti mvula yambiri imakhala m'nyengo yotentha. Mphepo imadziwika kwambiri, yomwe imabweretsa chisangalalo panyanja. Kutalika kwa mafunde kumatha kufika mamita anayi. Kutentha kwa madzi m'nyengo yotentha kumakhala pafupi + madigiri 8 degrees.

Nyanja ya Caspian-Nyanja

Si nyanja yaikulu kwambiri padziko lapansi, komanso yakuya kwambiri. Ngakhale kuti sayansi imavomerezedwa ngati nyanja yake. Nyanja zakuya za Russia m'njira zawozo ndi zodabwitsa komanso zosangalatsa kwa woyenda. Kumpoto chakumpoto kuya kwake ndi kochepa - mamita asanu okha. Pakatikati panopa ndikukula kwambiri - mamita 20. Gawo lakumwera la Nyanja ya Caspian ndilozama kwambiri - likufikira 1025.

Nyanja iyi kapena nyanjayi ndi mchere wosagwirizana. Kumalo kumene mtsinje umapezeka, madzi amakhala atsopano. Madzi a m'nyanja ndi mamita 25 pansi pa nyanja. Kumphepo pali mizinda yayikulu monga Baku, Makhachkala. Mvula imakhala yaikulu kwambiri m'mlengalenga, kutentha kwambiri kumachitika m'nyengo yozizira komanso kumakhala kotentha kwambiri m'chilimwe. Mitsinje ikuluikulu imadutsa m'nyanja ya Caspian : Terek, Ural, Volga.

Nyanja Yamchere ya Chany

Palinso nyanja zamchere ku Russia, mwachitsanzo Chany. Likupezeka m'dera la Novosibirsk ndipo lili m'mphepete mwa madzi. Mawu oti "vats" mu kumasulira kuchokera ku Turkic amatanthauza "chotengera chachikulu". Kale mu October nyanjayi ili ndi chipale chofewa ndipo imangoyambira mu May. Ngakhale madzi ake m'nyengo ya chilimwe amawomba madigiri 28 Celsius. Malo a m'nyanja nthawi zonse amasinthasintha ndipo amabwera ku 2000 mita mamita. Sichisiyana mozama kwambiri - pafupifupi mamita awiri okha. Pa mabanki, omwe ali osokonezeka kwambiri, pali ming'alu ya bango, bango, zosiyanasiyana zosiyanasiyana ndi madera.

Ndi chiyani china chodabwitsa ndi nyanja ya Chany? Pamwamba pa madzi amatha kukhala ndi zisumbu 70, zina mwazo sizitali zokha, komanso zimayimira malo osangalatsa, amakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomera ndi mitundu yosawerengeka ya nyama. Nyanja ya Saline ku Russia imasiyanitsidwa ndi salin yosiyanasiyana. Mafuta amatanthauza mchere wambiri, chifukwa chakudya chachikulu chimakhala ndi chipale chofewa. Nyengo pamphepete mwa nyanja ndi chithunzi cha nyengo. M'nyengo yozizira, chivundikiro cha chipale chofewa chikhoza kufika mpaka masentimita 30 mu msinkhu.

Kwa alendowa pali malo ambiri osangalatsa, pali malo omwe mungathe kuwedzera. Mmodzi ayenera kusamala ndi iwo amene amasankha kuyenda pamadzi - nthawi zambiri mkuntho umakhalapo. Komanso Chany amadziwika kuti ndi yosamvetsetseka, ndipo malinga ndi nkhani zina, malo osalongosoka. Pali nthano yakuti pali chilombo chachilendo chachikulu, chomwe chimavulaza anthu ndi ng'ombe.

Kuril Lake - kukongola kwamapiri

Cholengedwa chokongola ichi cha chilengedwe chiri kumwera kwa chilumba cha Kamchatka ndipo chimatengedwa ngati madzi abwino. Kutalika kwake kufika pamtunda wa mamita 306, kotero izo zimakhoza kutchulidwa mosamala ndi nyanja yakuya. Zilumba zina zomwe zimapezeka pamtunda ndi mapiri omwe amachokera pansi chifukwa cha kufinya magma.

Nyanja zoterezi za ku Russia ndizofunikira kwambiri, choncho Kurilskoe amalembedwa kuti ndi malo amtengo wapatali a UNESCO. Pali ngakhale madzi otentha, otchedwa "akasupe a Kuril." Kutentha kwawo kumafika madigiri 45 Celsius.

Kufikira kozizira kwa Nyanja ya Taimyr

Nyanja yapaderayi yapadera ndi yofanana ndi Baikal. Iwo amalingaliridwa kukhala apamwamba kwambiri kumpoto pa dziko lapansi. N'chilendo chotani kwa woyenda kupeza pano? Sikuti kukongola ndi ubwino kokha ndizo khalidwe, komanso kuti pomwepa madzi amasintha nthawi zonse. Nyanja ili m'chigawo cha Krasnoyarsk kupitirira Arctic Circle ku peninsula ya dzina lomwelo mu tundra.

Zitha kunenedwa kuti madzi akumidzi amadzazidwa ndi ayezi chaka chonse. Kuzama kwakukulu ndi mamita 26. Kutentha kwa madzi m'nyengo yozizira sikukwera kuposa madigiri 8 Celsius, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira imadumpha mpaka zero. Kutentha kwa ayezi kungathe kufika mamita atatu. Chodabwitsa kwambiri, m'madzi a Taimyr pali nsomba, whitefish, muxun, chir, ndi croissant.

Nyanja ya Moraineki ku Russia. Seliger

Madera, mathithi, malo okongola - zonsezi ndizozungulira nyanja ya Seliger. Ili m'madera a Tver ndi Novgorod. Malo okhala m'derali amakhala ambiri, ndipo apa ndi apo zigwazo zimakhalapo. Madzi a chilengedwe amasiyana ndi mabanki omwe ali ndi mitengo ya coniferous. Pa nyanja mungathe kuwerenga pafupifupi 160 zisamba ndizilumba zing'onozing'ono. Pamwamba pa nyengoyi mumakhala ndi madzi oundana ndipo amatha kutsegulidwa mu May. Nyanja zonse za ku Russia zimakhala ndi zomera zosiyana. Seliger imakula osati mitengo yokha ya coniferous, komanso mitengo ya oak, chitumbuwa cha mbalame, rowan.

Kodi nyanja zamchere ndi ziti? Izi ndizingodya zachilengedwe, kukongola kwawo kokongola komanso zachilendo ndizodabwitsa. Nyanja ya Russia ndi ya mtundu wa moraine - zomwe zimatchedwa "mashime" kapena "zitsulo zotsekedwa" zomwe zaka zambiri zapitazo zinawonekera chifukwa cha kusungunuka kwa madzi oundana, motero amatchedwanso "glacial". Iwo amapezeka kokha kumpoto ndi kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Russia. Zimasiyana mosiyana ndi kukula ndi kuya kwake. Kawirikawiri kuchuluka kwake kwapakati sikupitirira mamita 10, mabanki nthawi zambiri amakhala ochepa kwambiri. Madzi aakulu kwambiri omwe angatchulidwe ndi moraine ndi Chudsko-Pskov, Seliger, Ilmen, omwe poyamba ankatchedwa Slavic ndi Asilavo.

Kutsiliza

Monga titha kuwonera, Russia ndi dera la nyanja, lomwe limakondweretsa ngakhale woyendayenda kwambiri.