Kupewa matenda opatsirana: zoopsa ndi mitundu

Kupitako patsogolo kwa mankhwala kumapereka chithandizo ndi matenda omwe amawoneka ngati oopsa komanso oopsa. Komabe, ngakhale kuti matenda opatsirana adakalibe vuto lalikulu. Ziwerengero zimasonyeza kuti chaka chilichonse anthu pafupifupi 7 miliyoni amamwalira ndi machitidwe oipa m'thupi (omwe pafupifupi 300,000 amakhala m'dziko la Russia).

Matenda a chilengedwe sapezeka popanda zifukwa zina. Zinthu zina zomwe zimakhudza thupi la munthu zimabweretsa chitukuko. Nchiyani chimayambitsa khansara? Ndi njira zotani zomwe zingathandize? Kodi ndichipatala chopewa kupewera (Ufa, Aurora, 6)? Mayankho a mafunso awa ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa.

Mndandanda wa zoopsa

Matenda a zamoyo angapangidwe chifukwa cha zamoyo zomwe zimayambitsa matenda, koma nthawi zambiri zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndi zotsatira za chilengedwe, njira yolakwika ya moyo. Zomwe zimawonjezera mwayi wa khansa ndizo:

• Kusuta;
• Kutengera;
• Kusadya zakudya m'thupi, kunenepa kwambiri, kusowa ntchito;
• Mazira a ultraviolet;
• Zinthu zakuthambo ndi zobereka;
• Kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe ndi zotsatira za zinthu zoipa pa ntchito.

Zomwe zili pamwambazi ziyenera kuganiziridwa mwatsatanetsatane, chifukwa zimadalira kupewa matenda a khansa.

Kusuta

Imodzi mwa mavuto akuluakulu a anthu amakono ndi kusuta. Ziwerengero zimasonyeza kuti anthu pafupifupi 1.3 biliyoni padziko lonse amasuta fodya. Ndi khansa, chifukwa ili ndi zinthu zambiri zovulaza. Zina mwa izo ndi chikonga, chomwe, kuwonjezera pa zotsatira zoipa, zimayambitsa kusuta fodya, ndipo zimakhala zoledzeretsa. Zomwe zili mu fodya, zimakhudza kwambiri pakamwa pamutu, pharynx, larynx, emapus, mapapu, chifukwa utsi umadutsamo.

Kusuta kumakhudzanso ziwalo zina zamkati. Nkhaniyi ndi yakuti zinthu zowonjezera m'mapapo zikalowa m'makoma kulowa m'magazi ndipo zimanyamula thupi lonse. Zotsatira zake, chiwindi, m'mimba, ndi impso zimavutika. Ndi chifukwa chake kupewa kansalu kumaphatikizapo kuthetsa kusuta.

Kusuta fodya kwa anthu omwe amayamba kusuta fodya kumapangitsanso kuti munthu akhale ndi khansa. Ziwerengero zimasonyeza kuti chaka chilichonse anthu oposa 20,000 amafa ndi khansa ya m'mapapo, yomwe imayamba chifukwa cha utsi wambiri. Ndiyeneranso kuzindikira kuti matenda opatsirana amachititsa kuti ndudu zamagetsi komanso zopepuka zimakonzedwe kuchotsa nthendayi. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti ali ndi khansa, mankhwala owopsa kwa thupi la munthu. Kuchokera pa ndudu zamakono ndi phokoso zingathe kukhala ndi khansara ya pakamwa, phokoso, kapasitiki.

Matenda

Poyamba, matendawa sankayang'anitsidwa pa zifukwa za khansa. Akatswiri amaganiza kuti alibe chochita ndi khansa. Kafukufuku wamakono akutsutsa malingaliro ameneŵa. Zinapezeka kuti pafupifupi 16 peresenti ya milandu (kuyambira khansa yonse) imayanjanitsidwa ndi matenda. Tsopano kupewa matenda opatsirana pogonana kumaphatikizapo kulimbana nawo. Zotsatirazi zingayambitse khansa:

• Hepatitis B ndi C ma virus (chifukwa cha khansa ya chiwindi nthawi zambiri imayamba);
• Mankhwala a papillomavirus (matenda aakulu ndi omwe amachititsa khansara ya khola la chiberekero, nkhanza, umaliseche, kanjini, mbolo);
• Helicobacter pylori (bactri iyi imakhala m'mimba, imachititsa kuti chilonda cha chilombochi chitukulire, chimayambitsa khansa popanda mankhwala oyenera).

Matenda omwe adatchulidwa kawirikawiri amachititsa matenda opatsirana. Kupangitsa khansayo kukhala yochepa kwambiri tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, osagwiritsa ntchito ma makina. Chitsanzo ndi kachilombo ka Epstein-Barr, herpesvirus, yomwe imagwirizanitsidwa ndi Kaposi's sarcoma.

Kusadya zakudya m'thupi, kunenepa kwambiri komanso kusowa ntchito

Kafukufuku wamakono wasonyeza kuti kusowa kwa zakudya m'thupi kungayambitse khansa. Zakudya zam'chitini zomwe zimagulitsidwa m'masitolo, mapepala ali ndi zinthu zovulaza zomwe zimakhudza mimba, m'mimba, matumbo. Kukhoza kokhala ndi khansa kumakhudza zakudya, moyo. Makamaka chiopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a chilengedwe chimayenderana ndi mowa. Mukazunzidwa, zimakhudza makoma a dongosolo la zakudya, zimayambitsa matenda a gastritis, zilonda zam'mimba.

Vuto lalikulu la masiku ano ndi kunenepa kwambiri. Chifukwa cha mapaundi owonjezera, pali vuto lovuta kwambiri la kagayidwe kake. Anthu olemera kwambiri amadwala matenda a ndulu, chifuwa chachikulu, angina pectoris, oyambirira atherosclerosis. Kulephera kupewa matenda opatsirana, omwe amamenyana ndi makilogalamu owonjezera, amachititsa ku matenda oopsa, kuchepa kwachangu komanso kulemala.

Akatswiri onse amati kusuntha ndi moyo. Kuchita zinthu zolimbitsa thupi sikukwanira kumayambitsa matenda aakulu, kumayambitsa kunenepa kwambiri. Nchifukwa chake njira iyi ya moyo imaonedwa kuti ndi yoopsa. M'mayiko ena, mphamvu zake zimatsimikiziridwa ndi chiwerengero cha chiwerengero. Chifukwa chosowa ntchito, khansara yamakono imatulutsa 5% ku Estonia, 10% ku Canada, 15% ku Brazil, pafupifupi 20% amilandu komanso apamwamba ku Malta.

Ultraviolet ma radiation

Nthaŵi zambiri, m'madera osiyanasiyana a dzikoli, zaka khumi zatha pofuna kupewa matenda opatsirana. Pa chochitika ichi, kuzindikira anthu akuwonjezeka. Anthu amadziŵika za zifukwa zosiyanasiyana zoopsa, kuphatikizapo mazira a ultraviolet, omwe amachititsa kuti pakhale zotupa zoipa.

Chinthu chachikulu cha dzuwa ndi dzuwa. Anthu ena amene amathera nthawi zambiri pamsewu samagwiritsa ntchito zodzoladzola za dzuwa, ma ambulera ndi magalasi apadera, amakumana ndi melanoma. Ichi ndi chotupa choopsa kwambiri. Ndi khungu. Nthaŵi zambiri, amapezeka pamphuno, retina wa diso. Khungu lachilonda la khungu limakula mofulumira chifukwa cha kufooka kwa thupi, kuchepetsa ziwalo zonse ndi ziwalo zamtundu kapena zamaliseche.

Ndondomeko yoyendetsera ukhondo "Kupewa matenda opatsirana" ndi nyuzipepala yaukhondo komanso yophunzitsa, yomwe imawoneka m'mabungwe ambiri azachipatala. Kawirikawiri zimasonyeza kuti ngozi si dzuwa. Anthu ambiri amadzivulaza mwadzidzidzi mazira a ultraviolet opangidwa ndi zodzoladzola kuti azitentha. Imeneyi imayimira ngozi yaikulu kwambiri ku thupi la munthu. Mavitamini opangira mavoti ndi 10-15 amphamvu kuposa dzuwa.

Kupanga zida zankhaninkhani "Kupewa matenda a khansa" komanso kukamba za mazira a ultraviolet, ziyenera kuzindikiranso kuti khalidwe lachibadwidwe limathandiza kwambiri pakukula koopsa. Kawirikawiri, anthu omwe ali ndi khungu lofewa, tsitsi lofiira, maso obiriwira kapena a buluu, ndi zozizwitsa zambiri pamatumbo awo zikukumana ndi khansa. Anthu omwe ali ndi khungu lakuda ali ndi vuto la khansa ya khansa.

Zochita zam'mimba ndi zobereka

Zaka makumi angapo zapitazo, asungwana amwezi amayamba mochedwa mmasiku ano. Pakalipano, pali chizoloŵezi chocheperachepera m'badwo. Mwachitsanzo, tiyeni titchule mayiko awiri - USA ndi Norway. Pali umboni wakuti kumayambiriro kwa zaka zapitazo ku United States, kusamba kumayambira zaka 14.3, ndipo ku Norway - zaka 14.6. M'zaka za m'ma 60 ndi 70 panali kale kuchepa. M'dziko loyambirira, zaka za kuyamba msambo zinali zaka 12.5, ndipo chachiwiri - zaka 13.2.

Kufotokozedwa pamwambapa ndi chifukwa cha kusintha kwa umoyo wa moyo, ukhondo wabwino. Kuchuluka kwa zaka kumakhala koyenera, koma sikuli kotetezeka, chifukwa kumawonjezera chiwerengero cha zaka zomwe zifuwa za m'mawere zimapezeka pamtunda waukulu wa estrogen. Chotsatira chake, mwayi wa khansa ya m'tsogolo ikuwonjezeka.

Kusokoneza thupi la mankhwala opatsirana pakamwa komanso mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito mahomoni. Munthu sanaphunzirepo bwinobwino zotsatira za mahomoni, kotero kusokoneza mu njira zolamulidwa ndi thupi nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa zotsatira zosayembekezereka. Palinso zinthu zoterezi, chifukwa chomwe chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mawere chicheperachepera:

• Pa kubadwa kwa zaka 30;
• Mukamayamwitsa (chaka chilichonse kuyamwitsa kumachepetsa chonchi ndi 4.3%).

Koma kubadwa kwa mwana pambuyo pa zaka 30 kumawonjezera mwayi wa khansa ya m'mawere nthawi ziwiri. Izi nthawi zambiri zimatchulidwa ndi akatswiri polankhula ndi odwala. Kupewa matenda opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito matendawa kumaphatikizapo kukonzekera koyambirira kwa mimba.

Kuwononga chilengedwe ndi zotsatira za zinthu zoipa pa ntchito

Anthu amachepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa, poipitsa chilengedwe ndi mpweya wamakampani, zonyansa zapanyumba. M'mizinda ikuluikulu, mpweya wa mlengalenga umaipitsidwa ndi kutulutsa utsi. Anthu okhala m'midzi yotereyi akhoza kuthana ndi khansa yamapapo. Matenda owopsa a khungu, chikhodzodzo ndi zotheka chifukwa chakumwa madzi ndi zida zamtundu wa arsenic. Mkhalidwewu ndi madzi umapezeka m'mayiko ena a South ndi Central Africa, People's Republic of China.

Kuonjezera mwayi wa khansa kwa anthu ogwira ntchito yoopsa. Nazi zitsanzo za zinthu zamagazi :

1. Dothi la Wood limaonedwa kuti ndi loopsa m'nkhalango. Zimakhudza kwambiri chisa.
2. Popanga mphira, antchito amadziwika ndi 4-aminobiphenyl. Zimakhudza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa chikhodzodzo.
3. Beryllium ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pafakitale yowonongeka zimakhudza mapapo.
4. Asbesitosi, yogwiritsidwa ntchito popanga kusungunula, kuteteza moto, kusokonezeka, kumayambitsa khansara yamapapo. Ndichinthu chokha chomwe chimayambitsa mesothelioma yovulaza. Liwu limeneli limatchula matenda osadziwika komanso owopsa.

Njira zothandizira kulimbana ndi khansa

Mwinamwake kukhala ndi vuto lopweteka kumachepetsedwa ngati chitetezo cha matenda opatsirana chimachitika. Memo kwa anthu, omwe amapangidwa mogwirizana ndi zomwe bungwe la World Health Organization likuchita, likuphatikizapo zotsatirazi:

• Pewani zifukwa zonse zoopsa zomwe tazitchula pamwambapa;
• Kuchita katemera motsutsana ndi matenda, kukaonana ndi madokotala panthawi yake ngati zizindikiro zokayikitsa;
• Kuletsa zinthu zoopsa ndi zovulaza kuntchito;
• Nthawi yochepa yokhala padzuwa, gwiritsani ntchito zipangizo zoteteza (magalasi, maambulera, zipewa).

Kuzindikira koyamba matenda oopsa kumathandizanso. Chifukwa cha matenda opatsirana nthawi, anthu amachiritsidwa ndi khansa. Pali njira ziwiri zoyankhulira koyambirira. Choyamba mwazi ndi matenda oyambirira. Ngati zizindikiro zoyamba zimakayikira, muyenera kufunsa dokotala. Kulimbana ndi matendawa kumakhala kosavuta.

Njira yachiwiri yodziwira khansa yoyambirira ndi kuyang'ana. Mawu awa amatanthawuza kuyesayesa mwatsatanetsatane mwa anthu osadziwika. Cholinga cha kufufuza ndi kuzindikira anthu omwe ali ndi khansa, koma sanadziwonetsere pano.

Zakudya zopewera khansa

Zakudya zofunikira zimathandiza kwambiri popewera khansa. Mtengo wa mankhwala, kuyeza kwake, kusowa kwa zakudya zomwe zili ndi khansa m'magawo ndizo zikuluzikulu za kupewa matenda oncology. Akatswiri amalangiza kukhazikitsa ndondomeko yothetsera khansa, kudya mafuta ochepa komanso kudya zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba:

1. Mukhoza kuwonjezera nyemba ku zakudya. Zili ndi mapuloteni ambiri omwe amapangidwa. Zimaphatikizapo zonse zomwe zimapezeka m'malo osasinthika komanso osasinthika amino acid, zomwe zimakhala zomangamanga kwa mapuloteni a mkaka ndi nyama. Zomera zamasamba ndi zothandiza, koma ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti zimagwirizana ndi chakudya cholemetsa (iwo amakhala mu chigawo chamagazi kwa nthawi yayitali, chifukwa cha kupaka mafuta kwambiri).
2. Kusamala kwakukulu kuyenera kuperekedwa kwa zipatso za zamasamba ndi zowirira (zoloti, tomato, tsabola, dzungu, apricots, mapeyala - ntchito zonsezi ziyenera kuphatikizapo kupewa khansa). Mapepala olembedwa ndi akatswiri okhutira ndi zakudya ali ndi mauthenga omwe ali m'masamba omwe adatchulidwa ndi zipatso pali mitundu yambiri ya carotenoids. Izi ndi zotsutsana ndi khansa zomwe zimachepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa.
3. Zomera zamasamba zamasamba (udzu winawake, dill, basil, parsley) ndi algae. Zili ndi pigment chlorophyll. Zimachepetsa chiopsezo chachikulu cha khansa, zimachepetsa chitukuko cha khansara yamapapo, kachilomboka, kolulu, chifuwa, pakamwa, pharynx, impso, chikhodzodzo.
4. Zotsatira zabwino pa thupi ndi masamba a cruciferous (kabichi, radish). Iwo ali olemera mu sulfure mankhwala glucosinolates, omwe amalepheretsa kuyambira ndi chitukuko cha chotupa njira.

Mu zakudyazi ayenera kuphatikizapo mankhwala ena okhudzana ndi khansa, pamene akupewa khansara. Memo pansipa ndi mndandanda wa zinthu zotere ndi chakudya.

Zakudya zabwino pamene mukudwala khansa

Anthu omwe amachiritsidwa ndi khansa, amakumana ndi mavuto m'thupi. Kawirikawiri, chifukwa cha chemotherapy ndi mankhwala, chilakolako chimasweka, fungo lachilendo limapezeka pakamwa. Nazi malingaliro kwa anthu odwala omwe akuganiza za zomwe ziyenera kukhala chakudya cha mankhwala ndi kupewa khansa:

1. Ndi njala yosauka, yesetsani kudya pang'ono, koma nthawi zambiri. Kumbukirani kuti m'mawa ammawa, ubwino, monga lamulo, umapindulitsa. Yesani kudya bwino panthawiyi.
2. Mukasintha kukoma, musataye chakudya, chifukwa chakudya n'chofunika. Yesetsani ndi mbale zokoma, zowawa, zamchere, zakuda ndikusankha zomwe mumakonda kwambiri. Pamene kukoma kwakamwa mkamwa, gwiritsani ntchito siliva, mbale ya pulasitiki.
3. Pamene wouma pakamwa, idyani chakudya ndi zovala zosiyana, sauces. Zidzakhala zosavuta kuti mudye mbale zoterezi.

Kliniki ya kupewa matenda opatsirana (Ufa)

Pafupifupi matenda onse angathe kupewedwa. N'chifukwa chake maofesi ano mankhwala akuchipatala chifukwa kupewa matenda osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo khansa. Mmodzi wa zipatala awa lili Ufa. Iwo kwakhalapo kuyambira mu 2001. Poyamba, anali chipatala kupewa khansa (Ufa). Izo analengedwa mu chimango cha pulogalamu odana ndi khansa. Clinic Izi ndi mankhwala bungwe loyamba mu Russia, umene unachitikira kupewa khansa. Ufa lero kale monyadira yaikulu IMC "njira Medicine" - malo Mipikisano zachipatala, omwe udali mwa chipatala. Pali zosiyanasiyana ntchito zaumoyo osiyanasiyana a mayendedwe.

Polongosola mwachidule, ndi Dziwani kuti khansayo - ili ndi dzina wamba gulu lalikulu la matenda. matenda zingakhudze mbali iliyonse ya thupi kwathunthu, chiwalo chilichonse mkati. Cancer akukula selo limodzi lokha kuti poyera kuti zinthu zoipa. Kusintha kwake ndi zoopsa kwambiri, chifukwa linaphwanya njira zonse mu thupi. Chaka chilichonse cha khansa kuvutitsa mapapo, m'mimba, chiwindi, m'matumbo, mawere, manambala yaikulu anthu akufa. Kupewa imfa, m'pofunika kulabadira kupewa yake ya matenda. Clinic kupewa matenda a kansa mwa Ufa, malo zachipatala midzi ina ya Russia akhoza kuthandiza chitukuko cha zodzitetezera.