Kodi nthano, ndipo tingawadziwe bwanji izo ku Mitundu ina zolembalemba

Pamene tinali nyenyeswa chabe, mayi kapena agogo anatiuza za nkhuku-Ryaba ndi kolobok. Pamene ife anakulira pang'ono timawerenga m'mabuku chithunzi. Ndiye ife anaonera zojambula za Chipale ndi Zisanu atumiki, Cinderella ndi Vasilisa Ngwanzeru zakuya. Ndiye ndi nthawi kubwera, ndipo tikufunafuna kumeza "1001 Mausiku" kapena "Panchatantra" anaonerera "Shrek" sanabadwe wakucha ndi ntchito zotero Mipikisano ooneka enieni monga "madzulo pa Farm pafupi Dikanka". Ndipo komabe anali mmodzi ndi yemweyo zolembalemba luso nthano. Ndiye kodi nthano?

Mwachibadwa, iyi ndi nkhani ya zochitika zomwe kwenikweni sanali. Koma ku nkhani yopeka polemba chinenero cha ichi osiyana mu kuti sanafotokoze lodalirika. Iye anakonzeratu akupangira amatipatsa kumvetsa kuti si mfundo zolondola, ndipo mu nkhani ndi makhalidwe abwino ( "Mu ufumu ena," "Pakuti mfumu ya nandolo"). Chifukwa cha ichi isiyana ndi bodza kuti limatiuza za cosmogony, theogony ndi zochita za ngwazi za (monga Hercules). Epics, sagas ndi nthano, ngakhale kuti nkhani yake wosangalatsa, akulankhula nyama ndi monga, kuwauza nkhani ya anthu amene anawalenga. Ndipotu, ndi nthano, koma chotuluka kwa anthu omwewo?

Komanso, mu mtundu wanyimbo zolembalemba yomweyo limasonyeza kuti inaccuracy mbiri ya zochitika, zochita ulamuliro wina okhwima: yapambana zabwino ndi zoipa zowawa fiasco wathunthu. Ngati nkhani umatha zoipa - izi ndi zina, ngakhale Mitundu ofanana. Komabe, cholinga chawo ndi ofotokozera za anamanganso wa Hero mikono (byl, bylina) kapena prepodnesenie makhalidwe abwino (mwachitsanzo, nthano a nkhandwe ndi nkhosa). China khalidwe kwambiri polemba chinenero ichi kuti nkhani m'mbali. Nkhani liri lofewa, pang'ono zilizonse, amangonena za khalidwe waukulu. Kumvetsa zimene nthano, yofanana thandizo Makhalidwe kuti mwina mwapadera zoipa kapena zabwino kwambiri. No kulingalira nzeru zaumunthu, maganizo kuwaza ndi mayeretsedwe catharsis mabuku izi zimachokeradi.

Philologists ndikukhulupirira kuti yoyamba m'mbiri ya anthu panali nkhani za nyama. Ngakhale pamene anthu kupeza chakudya ndi kusaka, ku mibadwomibadwo zapita junior zinachitikira mkulu wa zizolowezi za nyama. The nkhandwe ndi nthawi lachinyengo, galu - okhulupirika, koma opusa chimbalangondo, pamene mkango wolimba ndi mantha. Ndiye anadza wowerengeka wosangalatsa Nkhani kumene mawonekedwe mabuku a nkhani anatulukira akhoza kuona makhalidwe ndi miyambo ya anthu enieni. Komabe folktale kusungabe kudzibisa wa mwini, ndi opukutidwa zaka yothandizana mfundo zosiyanasiyana ndi rhymes. Anthu anabwera ndi makhalidwe ena amene "zimangoziyendera" kwa wina ndi nkhani ina wosangalatsa: chinjoka mitu itatu, Baba Yaga, Thumba la mafupa.

M'zaka za m'ma XVII latsopano mtundu wanyimbo - zolembalemba nthano. zachilendo ake imakhala chakuti, kuwonjezera pa yowala kalembedwe munthu wa mwini, nkhani zoterozo zikhoza kukhala ndakatulo, rhyming (mwachitsanzo, AS maphwando a nkhani Pushkin a). Chuma cha dziko mabuku wokometsedwera nkhani Sharlya Perro, Abale Grimm, Andersen, Hauff ndi ena. ntchito Author akhoza Ufumuyo malo makamaka ndi nthawi, (Schwarzwald Grimm, Dikanka Gogol), koma palibe amene mutu samabwera atiyese nkhani imafotokoza zochitika zina. Iye akukufunani, hypnotizes wokongola wake Sindingachite nkhani.

Pakuti nthano, ndipo n'chifukwa chiyani amakula retell nkhanizi nemudrenyh ana anu? Mu iwo, ngakhale primitiveness akuoneka, anaika kudziwa zofunika za dziko, imperatives abwino, maziko a makhalidwe. Choncho mwana amayamba kufufuza chilengedwe ndi anthu amene adzakhala ndi moyo. Ndipotu, palibe zodabwitsa iwo amanena: "nthano - bodza, choncho Zokuthandizani, anyamata wabwino - phunziro." Mwa njira, mpaka m'ma XIX, mawu inabala popenyana ndi tanthauzo masiku ano. Iwo anasankha mndandanda yeniyeni ndi malongosoledwe okongola a chinachake. polemba chinenero A lomwe limanena za kalonga-chule kapena kukhala ndi mantha nkhalango, anaitana nthano kapena koshuna.