Kodi njira zamsewu ndi ziti?

Zomwe zimapangidwira kumangidwe kwa misewu ndizovuta zamagalimoto, magalimoto othamanga ndi katundu. Malinga ndi izi, chiwerengero cha zovala ndi zovala zimayesedwa . Njira zamagalimoto zimayikidwa molingana ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi: zenizeni ndi kuchepa kwa magalimoto, miyendo yambiri, kuthamanga, kupatulira kwapakati, kupatulira kwa chigawo chogawanika, kupingasa kwazitali, kumbali ya msewu, kutsetsereka kotsetsereka, kutalika kwa mphambano. Magulu akuluakulu a misewu mu Russian Federation ndi I, II, III, IV, V.

Mipingo iwiri ndi iwiri ya misewu ikuluikulu imaperekedwa ku madera omwe ali ndi mtundu waukulu wa kufotokoza, zomwe zimaphatikizapo misewu yosiyana yomwe ili ndi njira zingapo kumbali iliyonse. Zimapangidwira mofulumira kufika pa 120 km / h (1a - 150 km / h), magalimoto okhala ndi zingwe zopitirira matani 10 akhoza kuyenda, amakhala ndi makina ambiri (3.75 mamita), masentimita apamwamba amakhala ochepa mpaka 3-4% Kutembenukira mpaka 1200 m.

Njira zamtunduwu ndi zogawanika (zokhazokha pa msewu wanga) zimatsimikiziranso chitetezo ndi zoyenera . Kukonzekera misewu yayikuluyi kumaphatikizapo ntchito zosiyanasiyana, makamaka, pa magulu a I ndi Awiri a misewu, chisanu chimatsukidwa ndipo icing imatsukidwa, pamene kayendedwe kachitika chaka chonse.

Misewu ya gulu la III, komwe kulibe magalimoto ang'onoang'ono, ophimbitsa zovala amathandizidwa. Amaloledwa kupatulira mpaka mamita 3.5 ndi mafunde oyendayenda - mamita 600, pamtunda wawo wotsetsereka akhoza kufika 5%. Koma panthawi yomweyi magalimoto okhala ndi zingwe zopitirira matani 10 akhoza kuyendetsa mu magawo a Category III. Mawindo othamanga omwe amawunikirawo sali oposa 100 km / h, chiwerengero cha mayendedwe kumbali iliyonse si oposa awiri.

Gawo lachinayi limaphatikizapo misewu yomwe ili yovuta, koma sichikhoza kusintha (chophimba kuchokera ku miyala, miyala yamtengo wapatali). Kuphatikizana kwa misewu yomwe ili pamwamba pawo sikuposa 3 mamita, kutalika kwa malo otsetsereka aatali kumatha kufika 6 peresenti, kutalika kwake kumakhala masentimita 250. Maulendo aatali axial ndi matani 6, m'nyengo yozizira ayenera kuyeretsedwa, koma pachivundikiro akhoza kuchoka chisanu ndi chisanu.

Ngati misewu imakhala yopanda chithandizo, nthawi ya masika ikhoza kuchepetsedwa ndi kayendetsedwe ka magalimoto a ndalama zina. Chifukwa cha ichi chimakhala chifukwa chakuti kumayambiriro kwa nyengo, chifukwa cha kutsekemera kwakukulu kwa msewu, mphamvu yake yothandizira imachepa, ndipo pansi pa kukopa kwa maulendo ena axial of the pavement akhoza kuchitika. Ngati choletsedwacho sichiyambidwe, ndiye kuti mumayendedwe mumsewu mumayenera kusuntha mosamala, podziwa kuti chifukwa cha mitsempha yomwe imatuluka ndikumangokhalira kusinthasintha, kusokoneza makina.

Gulu la V limaphatikizapo misewu yomwe ilibe nthaka yolimba (yoikidwa pamtunda). Kuonjezera kukhazikika kwa pamwamba, pamwamba pake nthawi zina amachiritsidwa ndi zofunikira zowonjezera. Mu nthawi ya mudslides kapena pa matalala aakulu, amaloledwa kuimitsa magalimoto. Monga lamulo, iwo ali ndi njira imodzi yokha, kapangidwe kawo kamene sikapitirira 60 km / h.