Kodi Dyson dera? Dyson dera alipo kapena ayi?

Ndi zovuta kuti tinene pamene munthu woyamba ankadzifunsa ngati iye yekha m'chilengedwe chonse. Koma n'zotheka kudziwa nthawi imene kufufuza yankho la funso limeneli anasamuka ku masamba a yopeka mu sayansi - pakati pa atumwi wotsiriza, chiyambi cha m'badwo wa mmwamba. Monga chitukuko cha malo interplanetary malingaliro zambiri za chitukuko zakuthambo unayamba kuonekera. Pa masamba a yopeka zinachitika intergalactic nkhondo, ndi astrophysicists ndi zakuthambo anayesera kupeza ngati moyo padziko nyenyezi n'zotheka. Ngati inde, mmene kudziwa izo? Yotsirizira wa chiphunzitso cha malingaliro Freeman Dyson. Kuchuluka kwa polemba kukula kwake, zimene zimathandiza kudziunjikira mphamvu nyenyezi - ndicho chimene, mu maganizo ake, ayenera kuyang'ana kwa danga lalikulu akunja kupeza alendo.

Frimen Dzhon Dyson

American katswiri wa English chiyambi amene anabadwa mu 1923. Masiku ano, dera 92 wazaka Dyson ya chidwi womwenso kwadzidzidzi sayansi, astrophysics, sayansi ya mphamvu otsika, lotchedwa wina wa omwe adayambitsa kwadzidzidzi electrodynamics. Nkomwe Mulibenso ulemerero anabweretsa mfundo zimene asayansi Anabwereka Olafa Stepldona, yopeka wolemba, woyambitsa "The Star Mlengi". Chiphunzitso amatchedwa "Dyson dera", zikusonyeza kuti chitukuko angamange nyumba yaikulu padziko nyenyezi kuti azipeza ntchito mphamvu zake. Tikapeza dongosolo zimenezi, asayansi angazindikire ndi nzeru zakuthambo.

lingaliro

MwaukadauloZida chitukuko hypothetically alipo m'mlengalenga, posapita nthawi amakumana zikutha m'mayiko mphamvu - chotero kopanda Dyson. Utali wozungulira wa dera lina wagawo zakuthambo ku nyenyezi pakati angathetse vutoli. Chidwi kukula kapangidwe zimapangitsa ntchito za mphamvu za nyenyezi, ngati n'koyenera, akukhala kunyumba kwa Mlengi wawo.

magawo

The makulidwe a dera, monga kuwerengetsera Dyson, ayenera kukhala mokwanira yaing'ono. Yomanga maofesi amenewa adzafunika chuma, ndi kulemera, kuyandikira Jupiter. Lero, polojekitiyi amaoneka ngati m'maganizo kulimba mtima kwambiri. Koma sitingathe kukusalani n'zotheka kuti, pambuyo mazana kapena zaka zambiri, anthu adzatha kumasulira mu chowonadi, ndipo tsopano expanses lalikulu la kumanga malo dongosolo chotero wakhala zakuthambo chitukuko kuposa ife mu mawu a chitukuko.

Star ndi Dyson dera angamvere chomwecho malamulo monga kachitidwe m'mapulaneti. Choncho, kapangidwe ayenera zimayenda: mphamvu ya centrifugal kasinthasintha amakhala mphamvu ya magetsi yokoka ndipo salola chinthu kugwa ndipo kugwa pa iye.

Zizindikiro za chitukuko zapamwamba

Momwe munakonzera ndi Dyson dera akhoza kukhala chabwino chosonyeza kukhalapo kwa nzeru zakuthambo. Koma mmene awapeze? Malinga kuwerengetsera ongolankhula, monga dongosolo ayenera mosalekeza zimatulutsa kuwala. Iye chisawawa diso la munthu. cheza ayenera kugona mu gawo infuraredi a sipekitiramu wa. Alipo zida amatha kudziwa M'zinthu zimenezi Komanso, iwo aona angapo.

Chinthu chapadera wa Dyson dera ayenera kukhala atypical kawalidwe kugawa. Search kamangidwe, theoretically anafotokoza sayansi chinkhoswe mu pulogalamu SETI kudziwa pamaso pa nzeru zakuthambo mu chilengedwe ndi. Chiyembekezo chachikulu kuti agwire ntchito yovuta imeneyi anatumizidwa kwa Telescope "Spitzer".

mfundo zotsutsana

Popeza Kubwera kwa chiphunzitso Dyson anali mobwerezabwereza pansi kupendanso ndi kukonzanso bwinobwino. Chifukwa ndi bwino maganizo kuti chinthu kulibe, ziribe kanthu momwe patsogolo chitukuko sanali, ndipo palibe kanthu chimene makhalidwe wogwidwa nyenyezi. Dyson dera, likuzungulira dziko, afika liwiro pamwamba m'dera la dziko. Pankhaniyi, mizati kapangidwe amakhalabe n'kupuma, amene n'kogwiritsa kugwa kwake. Izi ndi mfundo zazikulu ndi chiphunzitso cha wasayansi American.

Akatswiri pa nkhani nawonso ananena kuti kuchuluka kwa danga zimasokoneza chitukuko cha chitukuko ndi kutitengera ena kwambiri nkhani yamakolo, anaposa amapindula penipeni.

oloŵa

Komabe, mu chitukuko sayansi ongolankhula Dyson si kumizidwa mu chisokonezeko. Kanafotokoza angapo embodiments kapangidwe zosintha zomwe kuganizira otsutsa lalikulu. The oyamba - izi ndi yaing'ono mphete m'lifupi lalikulu awiri monga dera a. Kukumana amenewa chinthu akhoza kukhala mu masamba a buku "World-mphete" Larri Nivena.

Yachiwiri - kapangidwe mawonekedwe akufanana ndi kupota pamwamba. Yokhota kumapeto thickening m'chigawo cha Mitengo yonyamulirayo lotseguka. chimake Izi amakhala dera ofanana kulemera pa nthawi iliyonse pa mbali mkati.

yankho lake ku vuto akufuna ndi Soviet sayansi GI Pokrovsky. Mu chitsanzo chake, kapangidwe imakhala ya mphete, kupanga chinachake chonga likule. njira zimenezi amatchedwa kuchuluka kwa "lakuya Kupemphera."

Kapangidwe Criswell - kusinthidwa lina bungwe Dyson astrokonstruktsii. Mbali ake - ndi fractal pamwamba, kudzapeza malo a cheza kulandira la nyenyeziyo.

Kufunafuna Wonenedwa Dyson dera

Ongolankhula chitukuko cha sayansi American kwa zaka zoposa makumi asanu. Koma kwambiri kuganizira maofesi kufufuza, ofanana kuchuluka kwa tinayamba yekha mu 2000s, pamene chitukuko cha luso analola chithunzithunzi ku malire a kutali malo. Analysis mfundo akubwera kuchokera telesikopu anasonyeza kuti zinthu zimene zimayenderana udindo wa nyumba chimphona yokumba, pang'ono zikwi zana. Komabe, makhalidwe a wina phungu ndi Mwina osiyana anafotokoza zifukwa zambiri prosaic, Pakati amatchedwa touluka nyenyezi, mitambo hydrogen ndi zina zotero.

Chimodzi mwa khama atsopano kwa nyenyezi, atazunguliridwa ndi Dyson dera, panali kuwala kuwundana Cygnus. Mu mndandanda zakuthambo amatchedwa kuti KIC 8462852.

Dyson dera anapeza?

Chakumapeto kwa chaka cha chaka chatha patsamba TV ankatha kuona wakuti kulengeza kutsegula malo a chitukuko zakuthambo. Star, Suli kutali komwe timakhala osadziwika anthu anzeru, wotchedwa KIC 8462852. Pa peculiarities wa kuwala anadziwika chifukwa cha makinawa "Kepler".

M'dzinja 2015 zotsatira loyamba kuphunzira izo luminosity chachilendo lofalitsidwa. About kamodzi pa masiku 800, cheza cha nyenyezi yafupika ndi 15-20%. Mavuto chimakhala cha masiku angapo miyezi ingapo. Khalidweli si khalidwe la makalasi chodziwika cha kuwala ndipo simungathe kuzifotokoza ndi ndime ya dziko ndi kudutsa litayamba, monga mu nkhani iyi, kuchepetsa umuna adzakhala nthawi zonse nthawi yomweyo. Dzheyson Rayt, wasayansi ku University of Pennsylvania, anandiuza kuti chifukwa anomaly ichi - Dyson dera. KIC 8462852, motero, anakhala phungu chachikulu kufunafuna nzeru zakuthambo.

mafotokozedwe ena

Wright mobwerezabwereza unachitikira kuti ndi chimodzi mwa Mabaibulo, ndi chodziwikiratu kwambiri. Komabe, chifukwa cha ofalitsa nkhani ya anapeza mwina Dyson muzochitika anamwazikana padziko lonse. Pakali pano, pali mafotokozedwe ena kuchipatala nyenyezi mlendo. Akatswiri ofufuza a University Yale kutsogoleredwa ndi Tabetha Boyadzhian amati kuwala wazunguliridwa ndi wakusowa madzi comets. Mwina zaka KIC 8462852 zikwi zingapo zapitazo, ine ndapikwata pamene amadutsa kachitidwe kena nyenyezi. Thabet ananena kuti zimenezi ndi kwangochepetsako pang'ono chabe zambiri kuposa Dyson dera. Msonkhano wa kachitidwe awiri nyenyezi - chochitika yosowa kwambiri, ndi buku la dzombe anagwidwa wa comets ayenera kukhala zoopsa. Komabe, mfundo imeneyi chotero kutali anapindula chiwerengero chachikulu cha mbali mu dziko sayansi.

Kuyang'anitsitsa pa atumiki woyera

Kufufuza Dyson muzochitika limodzi ndi asayansi ku Turkey. Iwo posachedwapa lofalitsidwa kuphunzira malinga ndi zimene kufufuza ngati eg ndi zofunika pa atumiki woyera. Ochepa ndi ozizira zinthu danga ndi chomaliza zamoyo wa nyenyezi ngati dzuwa. Mu malo awo yomanga dera kumafuna khama zochepa ndipo kuposa nyenyezi padziko unyinji wochuluka. Asayansi amati makulidwe a nyumba ya pafupi ndi nyenyezi yaing'ono woyera kuti musalumphe 1 mita. Pakuti kumanga ake akanati chofunika chuma, ndi kulemera, pafupifupi wofanana ndi Moon.

Mwina patapita kanthawi, asayansi afike pomvetsetsa kuti Dyson dera - zosafunika kapena zovuta kwambiri dongosolo. Komabe, pamene Kufunafuna dongosolo Wonenedwa akupitiriza. Tikhoza kunena kuti malingaliro awa adzauka m'tsogolo, monga anthu sanaleke kuyesera kupeza mu abale danga lalikulu pa chifukwa.