Katemera wa DPT: decoding, zotsatira ndi mayankho

Banja pali mwana wamng'ono, makolo achinyamata ndi anagwetsa: zimene kudyetsa, mmene mumavalira zoyenera kuchita ngati inu modzidzimutsa kudwala ... Ndiyeno, miyezi itatu kuchokera tsiku lobadwa, madokotala oyitanira katemera DTP (mawu olembedwa a achidule - adsorbed pertussis-diphtheria-kafumbata). Popeza kuwerenga zotsatira zake zoipa, amayi nditagwira mutu wake. Tiyeni tiyese pamodzi kuti adzaone zomwe scarier: inoculation kuika kapena kusiya mwana chiopsezo ku matenda oopsa?

ndi katemera DTP Kodi

Pa zaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kuti apange chitetezo mwana wawo, zomwe, ndithudi, kumathandiza kuti kuyamwitsa. Choncho panthawi imeneyi kalendala monga DTP katemera. Chinawathandiza kumvetsa n'chakuti limanena kuti kapangidwe kake lili ndi maselo kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a matenda onse atatu. Izi ndi zofunika kuti thupi mwana anakumana m'ma maselo oopsa ndipo chitetezo cha m'thupi zachitika chitetezo.

Choncho anapanga "kukumbukira ma": anakumana ndi tizilomboto ofanana m'tsogolo, dongosolo kumbukirani HIV. chitetezo wokonzeka adzakhala kutulutsa nthawi yomweyo, zimene zingakuthandizeni kuti mwamsanga kuthana ndi matenda. Pertussis chamoyo kuchititsa anachita mwamphamvu kwambiri (kutentha, kutupa), kotero ana attenuated katemera kupereka analogue - Deuteronomo (diphtheria-kafumbata).

oopsa bwanji matenda amenewa

Awa ndi matenda mwachilungamo sioneka ndipo zotsatira aakulu kwambiri. Tiyeni tione padera:

1. Pertussis. Izo mosavuta kusokonezedwa ndi chimfine kapena chimfine banal: onse chifuwa chomwecho ndi chimfine. Ndipo patangotha masabata angapo, pamene zizindikiro za SARS ayenera kale unachitikira, zikuonekeratu kuti chithunzi ndi yosiyana. Akuphokosera chifuwa lililonse chikhalidwe tsiku likuipiraipira kupweteka chifuwa zikhoza kwa mphindi 15, kenako anayamba kusanza kapena magazi. Ana lingachititse kumangidwa kupuma. Chotsatira angakhale "yotsalira mawonekedwe", pamene aliyense ozizira loyenda yemweyo chifuwa kwambiri.

Pankhani ya diphtheria ndi kafumbata, chinthu choopsa si mabakiteriya okha, ndi ululu amatulutsa.

2. Diphtheria. Poizoni bwanji mtima, chiwindi ndi impso, mantha dongosolo. Chotsatira akhoza kutsamwa.

3. kafumbata. Ngakhale zambiri zoopsa poizoni opangidwa ndi mabakiteriya amachititsa spasms aakulu minofu, amene anatsagana ndi ululu ndi matumbo omangana. mtima kumangidwa kapena kupuma - si zachilendo.

Yekha chitetezo chodalirika ndi katemera DTP. Chinawathandiza kumvetsa n'chakuti zina mantha makolo ake multicomponent. Koma sibwino kuchuluka koma ngakhale. Ndi izi osakaniza 1940 ndipo amaona ganizoli. Komanso, pamodzi ndi DTP, ndi chovomerezeka kuti katemera wa poliyo ndi chiwindi B.

Mitundu ya katemera ntchito

Masiku ano, makolo angasankhe zomwe kuphunzitsa mwana wanu. Katemera chizolowezi amagwiritsidwa ntchito zapakhomo Baibulo DTP (mawu olembedwa ukufanizidwa pang'ono pamwamba). Amalipiritsa, mungathe kuika katemera "Infanrix".

Ikani osakaniza mankhwala:

• "Pentaxim" - muyezo DTP + poliyo + Hib.
• "Tritanriks-HB» - DTP + chiwindi B.

katemera Ndandanda

dokotala Local zambiri limatichenjeza kuti nthawi yafika kuika katemera. m'mayiko osiyanasiyana dongosolo yosiyaniranapo. Mu Russia lero, mwanayo amalandira miyezi DTP 3. Wachiwiri ayenera kutsatira 4.5, wachitatu - mu miyezi sikisi. Pambuyo yopuma yaitali (chaka), ndi katemera wotsiriza kuika pa miyezi 18. Izi anamaliza kwathunthu mu katemera, ndi mwana afika 100% chitetezo matenda amenewa.

Ngakhale zili chomwechi, funso la angati DTP katemera ayenera kupeza mwana udakalipo. M'mayiko ena, iwo anapangidwa 3, 6 ndi 18 miyezi. Komanso pali medotvody chifukwa cha matenda. Ngati inu kuika mlingo woyamba, kenako yopuma, simuyenera kuyamba katemera choyamba, kupitiriza unyolo linasokonekera zokwanira. Revaccination ikuchitika zaka 6 ndi 14, ndipo kenako mu zaka khumi zilizonse.

Tikumbukenso kuti akuphokosera chifuwa ndi owopsa kwa ana aang'ono. Choncho, ngati mwana mpaka zaka 4 sizinachitike immunized ndi DTP, ndiye n'zotheka katemera kukonzekera Deuteronomo, chifukwa pertussis mu m'badwo woyamba ndi anasamutsidwa zosavuta.

Kukonzekera katemera

Si nthawi zonse dokotala wamba anaika kuyendera zonse ndiponso kusonkhanitsa mayesero pamaso katemera. Izi mosavuta anafotokoza, anapatsidwa wakewo ake. Nthawi zina madokotala kungowafunsa makolo ngati mwanayo wathanzi, ndipo maziko a izi, kutilola katemera. Popeza udindo thanzi la ana amayambitsidwa ndi makolo, iwo ndi kutenga njira yogwira:

• Sankhani dokotala palokha.
• Tengani malangizo ake pa nkhani ndi ultrasound.
• Kukachezera katswiriyu.
• Infomeshoni zonse za katemera akupezeka m'dziko lanu ndi malangizo tichisankhe.

Ngati mwana ali bwino, pafupifupi popanda chiopsezo, angathe kuperekedwa katemera DTP. Chinawathandiza kumvetsa n'chakuti chidule ayenera kukumbutsidwa matenda zimene zoopsa inu kumupatsa chitetezo. Tangoganizirani mnyamata fidget, si katemera kafumbata. Kangati kodi anakamuuza bondo lake, zochepa chabe pa mpanda dzimbiri? Ndipo aliyense choipa chotero - ndi chiopsezo kugwira matenda, woopsa mu 85% ya milandu.

Ngati tsiku katemera inyamuka kwa masiku 6 (3 isanayambe 3 pambuyo Katemera) ayenera kuperekedwa mwanayo theka piritsi "suprastin" m'mawa ndi madzulo. Musati kudyetsa mwana wanu pamaso kuyendera chipinda chithandizo. Pambuyo DTP anaika ali osavomerezeka kwa mphindi 30 kusiya chipatala kuti akalandire chithandizo msanga ngati sayanjana. Nditabwerera kunyumba, nthawi yomweyo kupereka wothandizila antipyretic, mwachitsanzo, "Nurofen" kapena makandulo ndi paracetamol. Iwo adzalandira zotsatira analgesic amene angathandize nyenyeswa mosavuta kusamutsa katemera. Ngati tsiku lachiwiri kutentha yachibadwa, antipyretic akhoza zimafika. Ngati pali mkulu kutentha, ndipo pa tsiku lachitatu, ndiye dokotala anu.

Kuwonongeka pambuyo katemera

Chonse kuvomerezedwa chovuta anaigwira DPT - katemera, zomwe zikumveka ngati mawu olembedwa a adsorbed pertussis-diphtheria-kafumbata. Lero, mungapeze kwambiri zipangizo, kulankhuka motsutsana katemera ambiri, ndi onse a iwo umakhalapo kuti zotsatira zoipa za DPT katemera.

Pafupifupi 30% a milandu zimachitika zotsatira zotsatirazi mbali:

• redness ndi kutupa kwa malo jekeseni;
• pang'ono kuwonjezeka thupi kutentha;
• kuchuluka nkhawa;
• m'mimba dongosolo matenda.

Tikumbukenso kuti ndi mchitidwe wachibadwa pa DTP, zotsatira za nkhondo thupi ndi maselo mlendo ndi ankhanza. Zizindikiro kutha mkati tsiku lina pambuyo inoculation. chenicheni lero ndi kuti mpaka ana onse akuyembekezeka chifukwa cha malangizo ali kukhudzana ndi odwala amene anabwera kudzacheza. Choncho, chimfine ndi kutsekula m'mimba pambuyo katemera alibe kugwirizana kwa izo.

Mwatsoka, ili si chinthu choyipa chomwe chingabweretse pambuyo katemera DTP zakubala. Zotsatira mawonekedwe a amphamvu edema (kuposa 10cm), atakhala kulira mwana ndi kutentha clusive kuposa madigiri 39 amaonedwa kwambiri. Pali anachita chotero nthawi ya ana pafupifupi 1 15,000.

Nthawi zina, maziko mwina kumasonyeza kumezetsanitsa chobisika poyamba pathologies aimpso, kwa chiwindi, chapakati mantha matenda dongosolo. Wolembedwa nkhani ya chitukuko mofulumira glomerulonephritis ndi mwana imfa sabata pambuyo DTP. Komanso nkutheka anaphylactic mantha, khunyu, encephalopathy. Pafupipafupi mavuto amenewa ndi laling'ono kwambiri, pafupifupi 1 mlandu pa ana 500 000-1 000 000. Koma kwa ena, iyi ndi nkhani ya amapha ...

The katemera loyamba: mfundo zofunika

Choncho, muli miyezi 3, ndipo pano izo ziri - pempho loyamba kuti katemera. Chifukwa mu m'badwo uno? Chifukwa utero wosabadwa kudzera chingwe umbilical tiri ku chitetezo mayi. Ndipo ngati, nthawi yomweyo pamene mwana wabadwa kuti atchule katemera, iwo kusokoneza chitukuko cha chitetezo chokwanira zawo. Koma m'kupita zachilengedwe chotchinga zoteteza yafupika, liyenera kubwezeretsedwa. Choncho fotokozani madokotala. Mwa njira, ayenera, mudzapempha chimene kuika katemera. Sankhani katemera inatha mwayeretsa, ngakhale kuti alipidwe.

Ndi mfundo ina yofunika kwambiri. Ngati muli chinachake kusokoneza mwana boma (snot, malaise), kulepheletsa katemera, musamvere malangizo amphamvu kupita ku chipinda chithandizo mwamsanga. Iwo akhoza amaperekedwa miyezi 4 ina. ogwira ntchito zachipatala - anthu yozungulira, iwo ayenera kuchita ntchito yawo pa nthawi. Koma, zinthu zambiri, anthu ochepa nkhawa thanzi mwana wanu. Iwo akusowa "bango" mu lipoti, ndipo kukolola zipatso chisoni muli. Msatero ayi, ndithudi.

Pambuyo katemerayu kwambiri kusunga khalidwe la mwanayo. Amphamvu kulira, kutupa chachikulu, malungo - onse amene ayenera chifukwa Kulipira vaccinations wotsatira kanthawi kapena kwa moyo, malingana ndi zovuta zotani. Only nyamuka yaing'ono kutentha (37-38 madigiri) akhoza ankamuona ngati yankho wachibadwa katemera DTP. Kusindikiza ndi redness pa malo jekeseni sayenera kugwira kuposa tsiku, ndipo masentimita kuposa 5 awiri. Mwa njira, mankhwala "Infanrix" nthawi zambiri sayambitsa zochita ndi mavuto bwino analekerera.

The katemera yachiwiri

masiku 30-45 ngati mlingo woyamba bwino anasamutsidwa, adokotala akukupemphani kuti adzathe katemera. Ngati mwana akudwala nthawi imeneyi, ndondomeko anagona inde kuchira. Chonde dziwani kuti anachita tikhale amphamvu kuposa nthawi yoyamba. Izi zimachitika chifukwa thupi kale anatha kukhala kuchuluka kwa chitetezo.

Ngati dokotala sanauze, onetsetsani kukumbutsa iye za zimene kwa katemera choyamba. Ngati anena, kufunika kokhala katemera kunja, ngati nkwabwino analekerera. Ngati katemera anali kumva, m'malo DPT Deuteronomo (popanda mbali pertussis), kapena kuletsa palimodzi, ngakhale kuchonderera kwawo.

A katemera wachitatu

Panango iye, ndipo osati katemera chachiwiri, akuchitanji wamphamvu. Ndi nthawi iyi mukudziwa kale, monga mwana amanyamula mankhwala ndipo akhoza kusankha mwanzeru. Kumene, si koyenera pachiswe thanzi, ngati panali mavuto anakumana ndi. Zinali pambuyo mlingo chachitatu cha katemera ankaona kuti thupi kwathunthu kutetezedwa matenda awa atatu.

Kaya katemera mogwira mtima zimadalira malo jekeseni

Inde. mankhwala cholinga jekeseni mu mnofu. Ana, ndi bwino anayamba ntchafu minofu, izo apo ndipo anaika katemera DTP. Decoding (ndemanga mumakhalanso kusakhutira zotayidwa okhutira, amene amachita adjuvant) tsiku ndi kuvomerezedwa alipo pa ma CD, monga mungaonere ndi kuyang'ana poyamba chithunzi cha nkhaniyo. Mwatsoka, nthawi zonse katswiri kufotokozera makolo nkhawa, n'chifukwa chiyani tiyenera zitsulo zotayidwa zatchulidwazi, ndi azungu mwachindunji zokhudzana ndi funso limene lili subtitle lapansi. zotayidwa hydroxide adsorbed katemera zinthu zonse ndi kuwasunga pa malo jekeseni kwa nthawi yaitali, kotero kuti ayankhe m'thupi akhoza kwaiye pamaso iwo kulowa m'magazi ndipo adzakhala linanena bungwe ndi thupi. si choncho mankhwala jekeseni pansi pakhungu osati minofu adipose, ndicho mu minofu kuti. Ana okulirapo kuposa zaka 4 akuchita kuwombera pa mkono wa.

Kodi ndikufunika kuika katemera?

Masiku ano, makolo kwenikweni kuika mu malo zosatheka. Sindikufuna - samachita, yankho wekha ndi mlandu, ngati mwanayo ali mwakayakaya. Tinakhala? Chabwino. Koma dziwani: ngati pali mavuto, inu mukufuna kuti katemera. A chofunika kafukufuku mabuku, ndi njira, palibe amene amapereka kapena kumene. Makolo kuyesa kupeza yankho mabuku, nkhani, maonekedwe, zokambirana pa DTP. Decoding, ndemanga, kufotokozera anthu nthawi zina kwambiri kumene zotsatira zake ndi aakulu - zonsezi amalankhula bwino mokomera katemera. Kodi kuchita?

Tiyeni tione mbiri. Isanayambe Katemera ndi pertussis kupweteka ana onse, ndi osachepera 5% anafa. Diphtheria anasamutsa pafupifupi 25% ya ana, ndi imfa anaona pafupifupi 50 milandu%. Tetanus - matenda oopsa kwambiri. Ndipo lero, ngakhale zamakono mankhwala, mlingo kumapha pafupifupi 80% ya milandu.

Chinthu china ndi chakuti chifukwa cha Katemera misa chiopsezo miliri wakhala waponya kwambiri, choncho mwana wanu akhoza kukula ndi chiyani kudwala. Kachiwiri, mu 70s yoweyula zinachitika mu Europe, kulephera katemera. Adamtsata mu zaka khumi zotsatira chiwerengero cha matenda, mavuto ndi imfa zokhudza nkani za mavuto pambuyo katemera.

Kufotokoza, tikhoza kunena kuti DTP - katemera, ndemanga zimene mungapeze zosiyanasiyana kawirikawiri - zikuchepa zoipa, chifukwa reactogenicity ake okwezeka. Koma ngati inu mosamala kufikako kusankha mankhwala pochitika kusanthula kuyambirira ndi kukonzekera thupi mwanayo, mukhoza kwambiri kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda oyamba ndi kuteteza ana ku matenda oopsa. Inu - makolo, inu kusankha.