Kabisidwe wa mudziwe lemba mu kompyuta

Kompyuta - chipangizo chipangizo chimene inu mukhoza kulenga, kutembenuka, ndi kusunga malangizo. Komabe, kompyuta sachiza kumva kwambiri kwa ife - likutipatsa, mawu ndi deta M'ndandanda awasungira monga magulu bayinare manambala. M'nkhaniyi tiona mmene kabisidwe mfundo malemba.

Kodi ife ndi mawu a kompyuta - ndi ndondomeko ya zilembo. Aliyense chizindikiro akuimira akonzedwa ena a ziro ndi anthu. Pansi zizindikiro tanthauzo osati chapamwamba ndipo mlandu m'munsi makalata a Latin zilembo, komanso zizindikiro zopumira, zizindikiro masamu, makhalidwe apadera, zizindikiro zapadera ndipo ngakhale malo.

Bayinare kabisidwe wa mudziwe kalembedwe

Tikamapitiriza kiyi ena pa Mtsogoleri mkati atumiza chizindikiro magetsi amene anatembenuzidwa ku kachidindo bayinare. Code ndi chikufanana ndi chizindikiro ena, amene anasonyeza pa TV. Kugonjera ndi zilembo Latin mu digito mtundu ASCII wolemba pulogalamu dongosolo lonse linalengedwa. Pamafunika 1 mamvekedwe kujambula chizindikiro chimodzi Choncho tichipeza asanu ndi chizindikiro ndondomeko ya ziro ndi anthu. The kujambula imeneyi - kuchokera 00000000 kuti 11111111, mwachitsanzo 'kala' ikusonyeza za mfundo lemba ntchito dongosolo amatilola zikuimira zilembo 256. Nthawi zambiri izi zokwanira.

ASCII lagawidwa pawiri. Woyamba 127 otchulidwa (kuchokera 00000000 kuti 01111111) ndi mayiko ndi zizindikiro zenizeni ndi zilembo English. Gawo lachiwiri - kutambasuka (kuchokera 10000000 kuti 11111111) - cholinga kuimira zilembo dziko, zolemba za zosiyana ku Latin.

Kabisidwe lemba mfundo ASCII wamangidwa pa mfundo za kuwonjezeka zinayendera, ie, ikuluikulu ndondomeko nambala ya zilembo zazikulu ubwino wake ASCII-code. Ziwerengero ndi gawo Russian pa tebulo zimamangidwa pa mfundo yomweyo.

Komabe, mu dziko muli mitundu yambiri ya kabisidwe akalata Chisililiki. Ambiri - ndi KOI-8 (eyiti-bit kabisidwe kuti akugwiritsa ntchito mu 70s mu woyamba ruifitsirovannyh Unix opaleshoni dongosolo), ISO 8859-5 (yopangidwa ndi la International Standardization Bureau), ndi CP 1251 (deta kabisidwe lemba ntchito amakono Os Windows), komanso 2-mamvekedwe kabisidwe wa Unicode, amene angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti atchule anthu otchulidwa 65.536. Chotero zosiyanasiyana encodings chifukwa chakuti iwo anayamba panthawi zosiyanasiyana, kachitidwe osiyana opaleshoni ndipo tiganizira osiyana. Chifukwa cha ichi, kawirikawiri amakhala ndi mavuto pamene posamutsa malemba kuchokera sing'anga wina ndi mzake - kuchokera mismatch kabisidwe wosuta adzaona ya zithunzi zosokoneza. Kodi ndingatani kuti kukonza vuto limeneli? Mawu Mwachitsanzo, pamene chikalata tidutse uthenga za mavuto ndi kuwonetsera malemba ndipo amapereka zingapo zimene mungachite kuti transcoding.

Motero, 'kala' ikusonyeza ndi processing wa nkhani kalembedwe mu matumbo kompyuta a - ndondomeko ndi zovuta ndi nthawi yambiri bungwe. zizindikiro zonse zilembo ali yekha zinayendera ena manambala a dongosolo bayinare, khungu - izi ndi mamvekedwe wina wa nkhani.