Interstitial m'mapapo matenda: kufotokoza, zimayambitsa, zizindikiro, matenda, gulu ndi mankhwala

Kodi interstitial matenda a m'mapapo? Chithandizo cha matenda amenewa, zizindikiro zawo ndi gulu adzakhala zotchulidwa.

Chidule

Interstitial m'mapapo matenda - ndi matenda zovuta aakulu a m'mapapo minofu zimene zimasonyeza kutupa ndi capillary za indofeliyamu kuphwanya dongosolo perivazalnyh makoma alveolar ndipo zimakhala perilymphatic. Mbali khalidwe la chikhalidwe choterocho pathological ndi dyspnea. Chizindikiro chimenechi ndi chinyezimiro cha insufficiency m'mapapo mwanga.

Interstitial matenda a m'mapapo kaŵirikaŵiri kungachititse fibrosis. Zochita ano zachipatala, mawu amenewa si ntchito ponena ILD, koma nthawi zina akugwiritsabe ntchito m'njira imeneyi.

Gawo

Pa zifukwa ziti kusiyanitsa interstitial matenda a m'mapapo? Gulu la matenda amenewa amapezeka pa maziko etiological la:

• Chisoni mankhwala, kapena kani, mankhwala mankhwala antiarrhythmic ndi mankhwala mankhwala amphamvu.
• Inhalation zinthu zina pa sing'anga ozungulira (zochita kupanga ndi organic zinthu, silicosis, berylliosis, asbestosis, matupi awo sagwirizana alveolitis exogenous kapena Hypersensitivity pneumonitis).
• Zokhudza zonse matenda connective minofu (nyamakazi, matendawa, zokhudza zonse lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis).
• Idiopathic (histiocytosis X, sarcoidosis, alveolar proteinosis, idiopathic m'mapapo mwanga fibrosis, idiopathic interstitial alveolitis, kuphatikizapo pachimake interstitial alveolitis).
• Infection (Pneumocystis chibayo, SARS, TB).
• Associated interstitial m'mapapo matenda (matenda chiwindi: chachikulu biliary matenda enaake, yogwira aakulu chiwindi, ndi vasculitis m'mapapo mwanga: lymphomatoid granulomatosis, granulomatosis Wegener a, Hypersensitivity vasculitis, necrotizing vasculitis, zokhudza zonse; ndi "kumezanitsa molimbana ndi khamu" anachita).
• zotupa zilonda (carcinomatosis limfangitny).

ILD ndi chiyani?

Monga tanena ndi interstitial matenda a m'mapapo ndi generic dzina Airways matenda gulu. Iwo ali ofanana ndi kuti iwo onse bwanji interstices, imeneyi ndi mbali ya m'mapapo.

Interstitial connective minofu wotchedwa minofu m'mapapo mwanga. Imakhala thandizo kwa sacs tosaoneka mpweya ndi alveoli a m'mapapo.

Mitsempha kudutsa interstitium ndi ntchito mpweya kuwombola ntchito pakati pa mlengalenga mu kapepala kupuma ndi magazi. Interstitial minofu ndi woonda kuti si kuonekera pa x-ray kapena pamene CT. Koma, ngakhale panopa matenda angathe kuonedwa mu njira ya zofufuza izi.

Aliyense matenda a m'mapapo minofu chifukwa thickening ake. Chikhalidwe chotere pathological chingachitike n'chiyani kutupa ndi, kutupa kapena amamuyambitsa timabala. Mitundu ina ya chotupa interstitial minofu sachedwa kutha, pamene ena osachiritsika kapena aakulu.

Zimayambitsa matenda

Chifukwa chiyani ndikukhala ndi interstitial matenda a m'mapapo (ayamikira chithandizo kwa akatswiri Adzaperekedwa pansipa)? Pali zambiri zimayambitsa yosiyanasiyana ya zotupa m'mapapo minofu. Mwachitsanzo, interstitial chibayo amayamba chifukwa cha mavairasi, mabakiteriya kapena bowa. Chitukuko cha matenda ena akhoza kugwirizana ndi inhalation zonse irritants monga asibesitosi, talc, silika fumbi, zitsulo fumbi, malasha kapena mbewu. kawirikawiri matenda a m'mapapo a gulu anapanga chifukwa zotsatira za zigawo chomwa mankhwalawa.

Nkhani ina ILD kuti zonsezi amathandiza kuti chitukuko cha matenda ena. Nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa sitikudziwa.

zizindikiro matenda

Akakufunsani interstitial m'mapapo matenda yodziwika ndi kutukusira kwa minofu ya m'mapapo ndi kuwonongeka wake wotsatira. Chotero limati pathological limodzi ndi kupuma movutikira. Ichi ndi chizindikiro chachikulu cha ILD. Poyamba, kufupika kwa mpweya si noticeable, koma m'pake mtima kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena kukwera masitepe, nthawi yomweyo zimapangitsa lokha anamva.

Tiyenera kuona kuti ILD a amakhala ndi chifuwa youma. Komanso, odwala kuonda kwambiri. Ali limodzi ndi minofu kupweteka komanso kutopa. Nthawi zamakono, Munthu abnormally kukodzedwa misomali, milomo ndi khungu kutembenukira buluu. Chotero pathological chodabwitsa kugwirizana ndi pamlingo wochepa wa mpweya magazi.

Matenda a matenda interstitial m'mapapo

Kodi kudziwa matenda pansi pa cikwati? Monga ulamuliro, anthu ndi ILD pulmonologist madandaulo a chifuwa ndi kupuma movutikira. Kuti matenda zolondola, dokotala nthawi zambiri limagwiritsa ntchito zotsatirazi njira kuwala:

• Yopangidwa tomography. Kudzera njira iyi, inu mukhoza kulenga chithunzi chokwanira cha mapapo, komanso nyumba zonse pafupi. ILD mwachilungamo mosavuta matenda ndi CT.
• X-ray. phunziro limeneli la chifuwa nthawi anachita kuti aone chikhalidwe ambiri a dongosolo m'mapapo mwanga. Anakhudzidwa interstitial kuwonekera zithunzi mu mawonekedwe a mizere chabwino.

• Mkulu kusamvana CT. Kukhoza sikana makonda, komanso zinachitikira katswiri kwambiri pa matenda efficacy wa ILD.
• M'mapapo biopsy ndi kuphunzira zitsanzo pansi simungathe kutiona. Nthawi zambiri ndi njira yokhayo kudziwa mtundu wa kuwonongeka kwa minofu ya m'mapapo. zitsanzo zake angathe kumwedwa ntchito Videoassisted thoracoscopic opaleshoni, bronchoscopy kapena toraktomii.

Tiyeneranso anati kwa kuwunika kwa ntchito kupuma , akatswiri ena kuchititsa mayesero apadera, kuphatikizapo spirometry, plethysmography thupi, ndi ena.

Kuchiza ndi matenda malangizo

Interstitial matenda a m'mapapo - ichi ndithu matenda zofuna mankhwala mwamsanga. Chiwembu cha mankhwala a matenda ayenera anasankha yekha pulmonologist, malingana chifukwa cha chitukuko ndi mtundu kuwonongeka minofu.

Nthawi zambiri, chithandizo imagwiridwa ndi mankhwala ILD. wothandizila oterowo ndi zothandiza zosiyanasiyana interstitial chibayo chiyambi bakiteriya.

Koma chibayo tizilombo, monga ulamuliro, izo zimayendera paokha. Thanzi ndi mankhwala chofunika. Iwo ayenera kukumbukira kuti matenda osowa, onse chibayo mafangasi likuchotsedwa kokha kupyolera wothandizila yeniyeni antifungal.

mtundu wina wa mankhwala omwe ntchito zochizira ILD ndi corticosteroids. zinthuzi kuthetsa kutupa, osati mu mapapo, komanso mbali zina za thupi. Mwa njira, atumiki ntchito zochizira matenda mu funso zitha kusokoneza kuwonongeka kwa mapapo, komanso kuwonongeka kwa ntchito zawo. Komanso, iwo nthawi zambiri kubisa chitetezo cha m'thupi kuti kutupa m'malo olumikizirana mafupa, imbaenda matenda ena.

Anthu zili otsika mpweya dongosolo magazi, akatswiri amalangiza kupuma mpweya kudzera zipangizo zapadera. njira Izi zingathandize kuti kusintha mkhalidwe wonse wa mtima, komanso kudzaza kufunika kwa minofu mtima mu O _2.

Tiyenera kuona kuti madokotala amalangiza odwala awo kutenga malo zina, ndi m'mapapo kumuika. Izi kawirikawiri njira zothandiza kwambiri polimbana ndi matenda, makamaka Zikavuta ndi zapamwamba.

kaonedwe

Odwala ena pa maziko a ILD akufotokozera mtima kulephera, ndipo pali kuthamanga magazi mu zotengera m'mapapo. The mwayi kuchira wodwala kapena akuchuluka Inde matenda amadalira zifukwa chitukuko, mwamphamvu ndi matenda awo nthawi. Tikumbukenso kuti idiopathic m'mapapo mwanga fibrosis ndi mwachilungamo osauka madokotala ananena zawo.