Home mitundu: crossandra. Kufotokozera, kuswana ndi chisamaliro

Crossandra chipinda maluwa wakula mu zatchatchatcha chapakati Russia posachedwapa. Kwa nthawi yaitali chomera anali n'zovuta ndi capricious mu chisamaliro. Amapangira mitundu Hardy analola kusangalala kukongola ndi kunyumba. Ndiyeno kodi maluwa? Crossandra kodi zinthu zifunika?

crossandra

lalanje kapena pinki maluwa ake ngati yomweyo kulenga padziko okha chikhalidwe cha kotentha. Zikuoneka kuti monga za padziko chomera adzatero hummingbirds ndi agulugufe kuchokera m'mayiko otentha. Amene sakuona mu crossandra kanthu chapadera chimene ingathe kulenga zinthu zovuta zokwanira. Koma pali chinachake chidwi, koma ngati chisamaliro ndi chokwanira, izo zonse kusangalatsa maluwa ochuluka kuchokera May kuti September ndi kuyang'ana chabe zidzasintha. Childs, izi zimachitika pamaso zaka 3-4, Popeza kuti maluwa onse adzapulumuke 5-6. Choncho ndikofunikira osati kulenga zinthu yabwino kwa izo, koma nthawi pofuna kuthana ndi vuto la kuswana ake. Crossandra - maluwa, ndi chithunzi chimene sitilidziwa kusonyeza kukongola kwake kuti kwambiri kapena zochepa odziwa okonda kudziwa kumasulira kuyesa kukula.

magwero

Mu chikhalidwe, maluwa crossandra kukula pachilumba cha Sri Lanka ili Indian Ocean. Komanso mu pompo-pompo, mitundu ina zimapezeka Madagascar, Africa, Asia South-East. Mwamwayi, adzipangira muzu ndi Arabiya. N'zosadabwitsa kukongola izi anazolowera ndi zinthu m'malo wachete, ndi zobvuta kubereka kunyumba. Kwa nthawi yaitali wakwanitsa zikhale iwo okha ndi alimi maluwa, amene ali kutentha ndi kwambiri kuchuluka kwa nthawi liyang'anire ndi kusintha kutentha nthawi, kuwala, chinyezi ndipo magawo ena.

Mwamwayi, obereketsa anatha kubweretsa mitundu latsopano, zambiri amenable kuti kulima kunja kwa greenhouses ndi oyenera kusunga mu nyumba yachibadwa. N'chifukwa chake lero kunyumba maluwa crossandra - zimenezi si chozizwitsa pawindo, ndipo ndithu chinthu wamba, tikufuna ndi woleza mtima ndi chidwi.

mitundu

Zomera Mu zonse pali pafupifupi 50 mitundu ya crossandra. Koma kunyumba, monga ulamuliro, kumachitika ochepa: nyuzi (Crossandra infundibuliformis), waminga (Crossandra pungens), nilotika (Crossandra nilotika), Guinea (Crossandra guineensis). The woyamba, komanso hybrid ake ndi otchuka kwambiri, kotero za iwo ndipo adzakhala makamaka takambirana. Kuphatikiza pamakhala matanthwe-lalanje ndi mdima wobiriwira masamba amayang'ana chidwi kwambiri, choncho sizodabwitsa kuti zomera ambiri opezeka nyumba ya. Choncho, chimene chimafuna maluwa crossandra chisamaliro?

Kunyumba,

Kudziwa kumene dziko la zomera, m'pofunika kuyandikira amene ayandikana naye kwa anaiwalika wosatha. Choyamba m'pofunika kuti agwire ntchito yofunafuna malo abwino: ndikofunikira kuti kuwala kokwanira ndi lonyowa, kusodza wopanda. Pali njira ziwiri zofunika kusamalira crossandra: ndipo popanda hibernation. Mbali yoyamba, mu nyengo yozizira ayenera kuchepetsa kutentha kwa nkhani, kuchepetsa kuthirira ndi kuchepetsa ena kuyatsa. Amakhulupirira kuti kalembedwe izi chisamaliro kumapangitsa ukufalikira kwambiri profuse ndi yaitali mu kasupe ndi chilimwe. Ngati chachiwiri, zinthu imapachikidwa zonse mu chaka. Malinga mitundu, ndi kukula kugunda angakhale osiyana, koma crossandra nyuzi akhoza pachimake pafupifupi kuyambira ukhanda, monga mizu kukula ndi masamba.

kutentha

Kawirikawiri mu chipinda kumene crossandra, akhale kwa madigiri 18 mpaka 25. Ngati hibernation ndi kuchita, m'pofunika kulimbikitsa mphika pa malo ozizira. Koma m'pofunika tione kuti pa kutentha zosakwana 16 madigiri maluwa wayamba kufa. Muyeneranso mosamala kwambiri ikukhudzana bwanji ndi asamafalitse, chifukwa ngakhale chikondi cha mpweya wabwino, crossandra sadzalekerera drafts, pomwepo akuponya masamba. M'mawu ena, zinthu ziyenera kukhala wolimba ndi zofewa. Crossandra - maluwa chipinda, kuyang'ana pambuyo siyikhuzana popereka mphika pa msewu, ngakhale chilimwe, kotero si koyenera kuyetsa.

kuyatsa

Monga ambiri a zomera kuti ndi mbadwa mpaka kotentha, crossandra capricious ndithu pankhani imeneyi. Pamafunika kuwala koma koonekera, dzuwa ndi contraindicated chifukwa cha chiopsezo amayaka pa masamba. Ndi bwino kukhala ndi mphika pa pawindo kum'mawa kapena kumadzulo, m'nyengo yozizira mukhoza kusuntha kum'mwera, koma payenera kuona kuti zinthu insolation sanali kwambiri. Amalola tsankho mthunzi ndi chomera, koma mu nkhani iyi, ndi maluwa adzakhala zochepa chochuluka ndi yaitali.

kuthirira

Zonse ndi okwanira chinyezi mwina nkhani liwulo mu chisamaliro cha chomera china. Maluwa crossandra osati kuyima ngati sangathe, ndi chinyezi muyeso, kotero mu masabata angapo oyamba ndi kuchita kufufuza bwino. Zadothi chipinda ayenera kukhala wouma, koma dambo mu mphika Sikuti kugwira, ngakhale kuti mbewu wakonda lambiri pafupipafupi kuthirira. Madzi ayenera kukhala kwenikweni chipinda kutentha ndi zofewa, Choncho - yophika.

Ngati mchitidwe overwintering m'nyengo yozizira ayenera kuchepetsa kuthirira kupewa lawola. Madzi ayenera kukhala zokwanira mizu bwinobwino zouma, nthaka ayenera kukhala pafupifupi wopanda chinyezi. Komanso kuchuluka kwa kuwala yafupika nthawi imeneyi.

Ponena chinyezi, ziyenera kukhalanso mokwanira mkulu - 60%. Apo ayi, masamba ayamba kuti ziume mwamsanga malangizo ndi pindani mu chubu. Choncho, kawirikawiri kupopera - crossandra mnzake wapamtima, pokhapokha ngati chinyezi afika pa maluwa. njira ina kutukula umoyo wa duwa - zonse kupukuta masamba ndi nsalu yonyowa pokonza. Mukhozanso kuika mphika pa thireyi wa miyala yonyowa - ndi njira wotchuka kwambiri. Mwa njira, crossandra limakula bwino pa hydroponics.

Thirani ndi akamaumba

Mu March, pamaso pa nyengo ya kukula yogwira akhoza ikuchitika zomera amayenda mphika wina ndi mzake. Ndi bwino kuchita zimenezi masika, koma ngati panafunika kusuntha mwadzidzidzi, ndi bwino disassemble chipinda zadothi ndi kuchita transshipment - ndi zochepa zoopsa mbewu. Childs, ndi kumuika ikuchitika osapitirira kamodzi pa zaka 2. Motero, mbewu mu moyo wake kudutsa kusuntha 2-3.

Flower crossandra, chisamaliro kuti Sizikuoneka choncho zovuta amakonda kuunika chonde ndi pang'ono acidic nthaka. Kwambiri iye osakaniza zoyenera anafuna azaleas, koma mukhoza akonze gawo lapansi ndi paokha, kutenga mchenga, miyala ndi loam ndi peat. Panafunika ngalande wabwino, chifukwa zomera chiyani sadzalekerera yonyowa ndi stagnation madzi dongosolo mizu.

Monga mapangidwe chitsamba, m'chaka ndipo pambuyo maluwa ayenera kudula kapena kutsina mphukira yotithandiza nthambi. Kuwonjezera nthawi imene nyumba adzasangalala crossandra pamakhala wosakhwima, onetsetsani kuti kuchotsa maluwa akufa.

Dyetsani maluwa angakhale chaka chonse. M'miyezi yotentha, mlingo feteleza ndi zambiri kamodzi pa masabata awiri nthawi yozizira - munthu pazipita kamodzi pamwezi. Lidalembedwa mchere osakaniza 1-2% njira, zambiri zofunikira mu feteleza organic anapereka kupatsa dothi labwino.

kubalana

Pambuyo maluwa mitundu crossandra nyemba imene mbewu okhwima. Kuyembekezera kuti izo zichitike, mungathe kufesa iwo kuti alandire zomera latsopano. Kuti tichite zimenezi, muyenera kupeza teplichke mkangano ndi kuleza mtima. Bzalani mbeu ayenera kukhala kasupe oyambirira mu mchenga kapena osakaniza a peat. Ngati mwa masiku 20-25 kutentha anakhalabe pa madigiri 22-24 Celsius, ndi chinyezi yake idzakhala mkulu, padzakhala mphukira choyamba. Pambuyo pa mlungu wina ndi theka ena majeremusi akhoza kukhala pa mphika.

Iwo amalola maluwa crossandra kubalana ndi ntchito cuttings. Pakuti bwino tichotseretu kutalika ayenera kukhala osachepera 7-10 cm. Nthaka - khwatsi kapena mtsinje mchenga. masabata 2-2.5 adzaoneka mizu woyamba, mukhoza kudikira pamene iwo adzakhala okwanira kuika cuttings 2-3 uliwonse mphika. M'miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, mungasangalale maluwa crossandra.

matenda

Nthawi zambiri, njala ya mbewu chifukwa zolakwa chisamaliro. Kwambiri pafupipafupi kuthirira msanga chifukwa chikasu masamba, kupanda kuwala chifukwa zimayambira Tambasula ndi kuyang'ana yonyansa. Ndipo, ndithudi, choyamba cha mavuto onse adzalamulira pakalibe maluwa.

Nthawi zambiri zimachitika ndi matenda chomera majeremusi. Kwambiri mukufuna kuthetsa miphika ndi crossandra mealybug, aphid ndi kangaude mite. Yotsirizira kumasonyezanso kupanda chinyezi padziko chomera. Tayani majeremusi ayenera posachedwapa pambuyo anapeza, Pre kusakonda maluwa. Crossandra monga Magnolia wachibale komanso amakonda wofiira kangaude mu zikhalidwe youma ndi yotentha. Pakuti mtundu uliwonse wa tizirombo ndi mankhwala awo kamwedwe, ndi nthawi kuti ayambe izo, inu nthawi zonse tiyenera kuyendera pansi ndi underside wa masamba kwa maonekedwe a anthu akuba.

Komanso maluwa (crossandra) amakhudzidwa tsamba nkhungu. Pankhaniyi m'pofunika kuchotsa ziwalo zonse matenda a mbewu ndi kutsitsi fungicide kuteteza kafalitsidwe nkhungu.