Gods of Ancient Egypt - Bwino Alendo

Chipembedzo of Ancient Egypt amakhala ndi kukhalapo yaitali zithunzi achikale. Kwa zaka zambiri kuli boma Aigupto ndi akamanena za tanthauzo la zipembedzo zambiri mobwerezabwereza kusintha. Zikhulupiriro za alenje wosazindikira, alimi ndi ziŵeto ali osokonezeka pamodzi m'tsogolo iwo aike wa zochitika zandale, kumatikumbutsabe wa zochotsa dziko ndi kuchepa ake.

Tikumbukenso kuti Egypt sanali limodzi chipembedzo cha boma, kupatula mu ulamuliro Akhenaten a. Ndi chifukwa kugwirizana kwa milungu yosiyanasiyana sanali ikuchitika. Gods and nthano of Ancient Egypt si chodabwitsa zovuta, monga nthawi zina anagwirizana zambiri zotsutsana ndi zikhulupiriro zina kwathunthu matanthauzo ofananafanana. Nthawi mabwalo wansembe akadali ikuchitika ena ankafuna streamline ndi kulimbikitsa ndi wachisokonezo zotere zikhulupiriro zakale. Koma bwino zakhala bwino.

Gods - ndi makolo a dziko

Panali mu Egypt ndi lingaliro logwirizana la chilengedwe. Anali maganizo ofanana pa chilengedwe cha dziko anali maganizo kwambiri, chifukwa nthawi zosiyana za mtundu wawo ndi malo amene anachokera. Nthano yotchuka kwambiri zokhudza chilengedwe cha Heliopolis, yomwe inanenedwa kuti pa chipwirikiti primordial poyamba anatuluka ngati mwini wake wa dzuwa Atum Atum-Ra. Iye ndiye kholo la zamoyo zonse. Manyowa yekha, Atum amalavulira mpweya - Shu ndi Teftun - chinyezi, womwe kungadzutse mlengalenga - Mtedza ndi dziko lapansi - Hebe. Ife Mtedza ndi Geb anabadwa Osirisi, Seti, Isisi ndi Nephthys. milungu yonse ya Ancient Egypt Iwo amapanga otchedwa "Heliopolis naini", imene gulu zofunika kwambiri.

Kenako anatuluka m'nyengo ya boma Memphis nthano, makhalidwe a chilengedwe cha dziko lake mulungu Ptah.

Milungu kwambiri akulemekezedwa la Egypt anali a Nile Mwachitsanzo, Sebek, Hapi, ndi dzuwa - Horus, Atum, Ra, komanso milungu, osokonekera akufa - Anubis, Osirisi. Aigupto akale ankalambira onse apadziko, kukhulupirira mu mphamvu ya milungu madera onse a moyo, kwa mphamvu za chilengedwe ndi chikhalidwe. zochitika zachilengedwe anawona monga mmene milungu yosiyanasiyana. Moyo ndi chikhalidwe moyo anali Kandachime ake. Mwachitsanzo, zilembo kugwirizana ndi wamkazi Saf ibisogolovoe mulungu kapena amene ophatikizidwa chikhalidwe wonse.

Kulambira dzuwa ku Iguputo

Lingaliro la mawonekedwe zimene anali milungu dzuwa of Ancient Egypt, m'madera osiyanasiyana anali osiyana: kaya ndi mapiko chimbale, kapena kachilomboka yaikulu - scarab akukankha zimbale za kuwala mu mlengalenga, ndi ankatsogoleranso mu mawonekedwe a kabawi kapena munthu amene ali ndi Chimphamba mutu.

Oyimira a gulu la mpatuko dzuwa panyengo zosiyanasiyana ndi malo osiyanasiyana ndipo ali ndi maina awo: Ra, Khepera, Atum, nyimboyi ndi ena. Nthawi zina milungu yosiyanasiyana of Ancient Egypt ophatikizidwa mu umodzi, ndipo ganizo la iwo superimposed. Mu Ufumu Old, mwa malo ena apadera anali mulungu Ra, amene aakulu apita kuseri m'deralo ndipo wakhala mwambo obscheegipetsky boma. Chifukwa, ngati wosadziwika analandira yothandiza dziko, izo yomweyo ogwirizana ndi Ra, ndi amaponya tinthu wokwanira dzina lake: Sebek-Ra, Amun-Ra, ndi apolisi-Ra, ndi ena.

Pa Ufumu Middle pambuyo kugwirizana kwa Egypt mu ulamuliro wa kunyumba Theban, adatenga kutsogolera ntchito mpatuko wa mulungu Amon. Iye ankaona lalikulu lakumwamba mulungu kufanizira boma, komanso mphamvu ndi ulamuliro wa Farao.

ena mipatuko

Komanso, ena mwa milungu kwambiri akulemekezedwa la Egypt anali Osirisi, amene ankaimira Nile, mlongo wake, ndipo mwadzidzidzi mkazi wake - Isisi - mulungu wamkazi wobereketsa mtetezi wa umayi, mwana wawo olowa Horus, mmodzi wa wakale milungu dzuwa ndi statehood. mphamvu mdima munthu Osirisi mchimwene Seti - mulungu chilala, zoyipa ndi chisokonezo ndi mkazi wake Nephthys. Izi milungu Ancient Egypt ouziridwa mantha ndi ulemu waukulu onse okhala Nile Valley, amene anayesa kusangalatsa kulambira khama lawo.

Syncretism ya Kulambira Osirisi, ndi mwambo wa akufa unkagwiritsidwa kuti Kale, ndi nthawi ya Ufumu Zatsopano ndi bwino ndithu ukuonekera lingaliro la penti ndi afterworld kuweruza amene amaperekera Osirisi. Guide mu gawo la akufa ankamuona ngati mulungu Anubis, amene anali kuimiriridwa mu mawonekedwe a mimbulu kapena mwamuna ndi mutu wa mimbulu a.

Mwa kuphunzira funso wa milungu ndi nthano la Iguputo, onetsetsani amaona mu zinthu zenizeni mbiri, kutenga nkhani zigawo kwa nyengo zosiyana, komanso mfundo kugawa. milungu yonse ya Aigupto wakale zovuta m'derali amalambira motsatira miyambo umunthu wa archetypes ndi zatenga kwambiri pa cholowa chikhalidwe la dziko la kale ichi.