Dzhek London: MBIRI monga kufunafuna yabwino

Romance zithunzi analengedwa ndi talente imodzi ya Jack London, ndi khama la ngwazi wake, kuyesetsa kukwaniritsa zolinga ngakhale onse, sing'anga zapadera zimene iye amaika otchulidwa wake, zamatsenga zimakhudzanso owerenga, kupeza, makamaka ngati kumachitika kwa nthawi yoyamba, zabwino za ntchito zake.

ubwana

mwana anabadwa mu mkazi eccentric kwambiri mu 1876 ndi San Francisco m'banja. A bambo, ndi Irishman, ndi eccentric nyenyezi amene anasiya mwana. miyezi isanu ndi itatu, mayi ake anakwatiwa ndi mwamuna amene anapereka mwana anatengera ndi dzina John (Jack - ndi Pet dzina la John) Griffith London, ndi woona chisamaliro cha atate. Ndipo Jack, anakhala ndi achikondi mwana amene adalitenga. Banja ankakhala mu mzinda wa mzinda waukulu, mu Oakland, ndipo akukhala oipa kwambili. Kudzuka pa firii koloko mapepala m'mawa ndi osiyana, zaka khumi mnyamata ndiye anathamanga sukulu, ndiyeno ananyamula mapepala madzulo. Pamene iye anali okulirapo pang'ono, kenako ndinapita ku ntchito cannery lapansi. Iye anali mu shopu kwa makumi awiri ndi khumi maola. Sukulu mwakhama moyo Dzhek London (yonena izo zikusonyeza) unachitikira mu unyamata. Kenako limafotokoza "Martin Edeni".

nyanja Romance

Port wa San Francisco, pamodzi ndi zombo akuchokera m'mayiko osiyanasiyana, anatembenuza mutu wachinyamata. Iye analandira mu "oyisitara achifwamba." Pambuyo maholo mdima yatsekera moyo kuti ankaoneka wokongola kwambiri achinyamata Jack. Ufulu, nkhondo, zukini, kachasu - anamuperekeza lonse wokondedwa Dzhek London. Wambiri akanatha momvetsa chisoni: mwamsanga ndipo mosavuta iye akanakhoza kugona. Koma Jack analowa utumiki mu kulondera apanyanja, amene ankamenyana ndi achifwamba, ndipo anasintha moyo. buku "Nkhani nsomba kulondera" adzamasulidwa ina. Koma kulota danga ulendo lotseguka kuzungulira dziko, ndi chifukwa zaka 17 amagwira ntchito ku bwalo amene amapita ku Nyanja Bering kwa zisindikizo. Dzhek London, yonena likunena fistfights kupeza mpando pa bwalo ndi ulemu mwa anaumitsa oyendetsa Scandinavians. Iye anali wokhoza kuti atsimikizire kwa anthu ogwira ntchito kuti anali weniweni "nyanja nkhandwe". ulendo si anamukwiyitsa osati coarsen, koma anapereka kwambiri zinakuchitikirani latsopano. Kenako kupanga maziko a ntchito zake m'madzi, omwe timawerenga mu mpweya umodzi. Iwo Mudzambweza chikondi ndi mbiri pa dziko lonse lapansi. Jack London yonena izo zikusonyeza mayeso kwa mtima. Pamene iye anabwerera, banja lake ankakonda nkhani, ndipo Jack analemba m'mphepete mwa khitchini tebulo nkhani "Mvula ya mkuntho kuchokera Japan," lomwe linasindikizidwa. Choncho anabadwa wolemba American Dzhek London, amene yonena zidzachitika n'kovuta kwambiri njira yotulukira umphawi kwa munthu amene ali ndi ndalama, sosholisimu ndi Marxism, zomwe ankakonda, kuti zosiyana awo enieni.

Essays "Dikirani!" Ndipo "Njira"

Lova Jack pa khumi analowa khamu la anthu lova ndipo anapita Washington. Izi zinali otchedwa "Army Kelly" imene njira pang'onopang'ono kutaya ophunzira Kelly yekha bwino pakati zolinga kampeni. Apa Dzhek London yodziwa Marxism, sosholisimu ndi malingaliro, ndi makani onse waluso pa akulowa "Socialist Labor Party of America." Iye potsiriza amazindikira kuti kokha ngati wolemba iye mukhoza kufika pa mapazi awo ndi kupereka kusanthula zimene zikuchitika ndi zomwe amaona padziko kale moyo wake m'malo yochepa. Dzhek London, yaifupi yonena amene amasimba za izi, akumverera luso ndi mphamvu kulemba. Koma sadziwa maphunziro.

golide liwiro

Kuphunzira palibe ndalama. Kuwapanga iwo, iye anapita ku Alaska. Choncho anayamba Saga wa Klondike Jack London. Anamutengera iye ndalama, koma kudziwa kuti iye kenako akufotokoza buku lakuti "Mwana wa Wolf" nkhani "Moon nkhope". Iwo, ndi ena ambiri, akulongosola moyo weniweni wa Anthuwa popanda anakopekanso, onse kumayambiriro kwa tsoka, koma Amaipitsanso mzimu wa chikondi ndi chikhulupiriro mwa munthu. anamasulidwa m'malo mwa tsogolo la wolemba Dzhek London zaka makumi anai okha, kanthawi mbiri, mwachidule kwambiri, kuti kuwawa kwa kanthawi moyo, umene ali, ndithudi, sadziwa.

wolemba

Kwambiri Dzhek London anayamba kulemba (mlingo anali mawu 1,000 tsiku, mapepala asanu makina olembera), kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa zaka za 20. Iye analemba kusonkhanitsa nkhani yochepa, mabuku amene anamubweretsa iye kutchuka ndi kutchuka ndi ndalama. Patapita zaka zikupita patsogolo wachibale. Iye anatumidwa kwa England kwa coronation a Edward VII. Ndipo anali ndi chidwi ndi vuto ogwira ntchito ku England ndipo analemba "Anthu a phompho," iye sanali osayanjanitsika munthu ndi politicized. Koma mkazi wake, ndi mkazi wamba, iye anakana kumvetsa wake "ofiira" maso, ndipo Dzhek London linatha ake, ngakhale mu banja iye ali ndi ana aakazi awiri. Pakati pa Chirasha Japanese nkhondo, iye anatumizidwa ku mtolankhani Far East ndipo amatulutsa zinachitikira kovuta kwambiri. Japanese utsamunda, anaona ngozi yoopsa kwa anthu a Asia ndi Pacific. Nkhani "Yellow Mavuto Aakulu" linalembedwa. Iye sanaone chilakolako US kuti repartition dziko likuvutika zofooketsa Russia. Woukira-wolemba anakwatira mkazi amene anali iye ndi mkazi wake ndi mnzake. Kwa zaka ziwiri, iwo apite pa ulendo pa yatchi ndi. Awa ndi kuberekana nthawi ya zinthu za Jack London. Apa zachitika "The Iron chidendene" ndi "Martin Edeni". Pochokera ulendo, London ankadziona wolemba wotchuka.

hairpin unakhota

Iye anaganiza kuti akakhale ku California kumanga nyumba, amene ankafuna adzatchedwa "Nyumba ya Wolf" - obisalamo, kumene iye adzakhala omasuka amathera zaka zotsalazo. Nyumba tikukonza anatembenuzidwa m'nyumba, amene anali mtengo kwambiri ndipo kawirikawiri zipangizo. Koma pamaso pa nyumba yatsopano ngati kutulo torched. Iye akuuluzika. Koma anapitiriza kukhala mbali ndi mbali mu yaing'ono wodzichepetsa nyumba. M'zaka zaposachedwapa, kunja wolemera, ife anam'bweretsera kuwonjezeka kutchuka ndi ndalama. Koma matenda ake adzazunzidwa kunja ku kotentha, uchidakwa ndi chifundo cha kwambiri kusokonezedwa chiwindi. Moti anakakamizika kutenga mankhwala. Anamwalira ali ndi zaka 40 kuchokera ambiri osokoneza wa iwo.

Zikuyembekezeka kapena kutha mosayembekezereka, koma ndicho mbiri. Dzhek London mwachidule ilo, monga izo zinali kuloseredwa mu "Martin Edeni", ngakhale ndithudi, izo sizingakhoze kwathunthu kuzindikiridwa ndi khalidwe. Konse zithunzi zikuwoneka dzuwa munthu mpaka masiku angapo apitawa.