Dongosolo ambiri - chigonjetso ambiri

Modern malamulo oyendetsera dziko amapereka osiyanasiyana anthu, mmene angakhalire ufulu wawo anaika akuluakulu a boma. Amenewa umatchedwa ka masankho ofuna, m'kukoma za mtundu wina wa kachitidwe: chigulu, njila kapena losanganikirana.

Dongosolo ambiri lero - ndiyo yochezera chitsanzo chisankho cha akuluakulu a maboma, alipo m'mayiko otukuka. Pa maziko ake anapanga matupi nthumwi ku Canada, pa US, Australia, Japan komanso m'mayiko ena ambiri. ndi chikoka ndi mphamvu ya mtundu chiyani?

dongosolo Majoritarian chisankho - chofunikira ndi kufanizitsa.

Ambiri avotera - kuti lamulo limeneli ndi zazikulu kugwira ntchito dongosolo visola. Ndipotu, dongosolo chisankho majoritarian ikuti kuti pali ayenera kuperekedwa operekedwa ndi lamalamulo kapena malamulo pa chisankho chiwerengero cha mavoti kwa makamaka phungu limene nomination adzakhala kuvomerezedwa ndi ambiri electors.

Tchulani chiwerengero cha mavoti si mwangozi. Malinga izo, pali mitundu itatu ya mtundu wa chisankho:

• ambiri mtheradi - malinga ndi phungu wake kwa positi lidzawotchedwa anaona Osankhidwa omwe ngati ndi Koma ngati kuli mtima wake adzapatsa mawu theka la anthu okhala ndi ufulu wosankha, kuphatikiza munthu;
• wachibale ambiri - chisankho pansi chiwembu limeneli pamaso pa ambiri yosavuta mavoti kuposa ofuna ena;
• oyenerera ambiri - malamulo dziko bwinobwino atakhazikitsa pakhomo, kukwaniritsa zomwe akukwana kupambana chisankho.

Komabe, Dziwani kuti palibe anasonyeza bwino ndi zosinthika lamulo la ambirimbiri limati. Childs, mitundu ndi anachita pamisinkhu yosiyanasiyana kapena pa chisankho cha magawo osiyanasiyana. dongosolo Majoritarian amalola zimenezi, makamaka pankhani maulamuliro apamwamba. A chitsanzo chapadera cha "aloyi" mitundu loyamba ndi lachiwiri ndi osankhidwa pulezidenti wa France. Kuzungulira woyamba imatengedwa yekha koyenera pokhapokha ngati phungu akalandira nambala mtheradi wa mavoti. Ngati izi sizichitika, ndiye kubwera kwachiwiri udzachitike pakati ofuna, kutenga malo loyamba ndi lachiwiri, mogwirizana ndi dongosolo wachibale ambiri.

dongosolo ambiri - zimakhudzanso osokoneza pa dzuwa ndi. ubwino akhoza bwinobwino amati ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa boma khola la awiri - atatu dongosolo phwando. Koma drawback wamphamvu angakhale kunyalanyaza maganizo gawo la anthu amene amachoka mu mtima wa kusankha kwa akunja.

Majoritarian ndi njila machitidwe masankho - mfundo ya divergence.

Kodi dongosolo ambiri, takambirana pamwambapa. Ndi dongosolo kusankha njila tisaiwale kuti, mosiyana woyamba, zachokera kusankha osati phungu makamaka ndipo chipanichi. Akachenjede malamulo ndi asayansi ndale amaganiza kuti linali pansi pa dongosolo njila masankho mokwanira kuwuluridwa mapu masankho a boma. Chochititsa chidwi kutsutsana ndi kachitidwe ambiri ndi mokwanira voti kuwerengedwa ndi mtima kuchuluka kwa gawo wa mavoti ku boma.

dongosolo ambiri alibe T. N. "Kusankhidwa pakhomo." Mosiyana ndi izi, njila milandu ambiri imalongosola yokha. Koma zimenezi pofuna kupewa ndimeyi mu matupi osankhidwa maphwando ndi ofuna ufulu miyeso mu moyo andale ndi otsika kwambiri.

Ngakhale kusiyana njira zawo, majoritarian ndi njila machitidwe masankho zambiri ntchito pa nthawi yomweyo, ndipamene mtundu wa subtype - dongosolo wosanganiza visola. kudalirana Izi kukhala wokongola kwambiri m'mayiko amene dera wolemera malo yaying'ono okhala anthu ena.

Chifukwa, kachitidwe ambiri zikufotokozedwa monga ya njira zisankho zomwe phungu ayenera kupambana thandizo kwa anthu ambiri oponya voti. dongosolo ndi wangwiro chisankho chokha ankaimira akuluakulu onse (mwachitsanzo, Purezidenti wa France, kapena senators mu US), koma amagwiritsa ntchito zovuta kwambiri kwa chisankho cha matupi gulu (yamalamulo kapena bungwe wamba).