COPD ndi chiyani? zizindikiro matenda

Matenda a dongosolo kupuma, mmene muli kuphwanya ndime ya ndege njira pneumatic sachedwa kupitirira nthawi zonse ndipo sizingasinthe azimuth kudziwika monga aakulu obstructive m'mapapo mwanga matenda, kapena COPD kwa lalifupi. Zizindikiro za matenda zili gulu dyspnea zonse, makamaka pachimake nthawi viscous chifuwa ndi expectoration. Pathogenesis zizindikiro COPD zimadalira mmene kuwonongeka minofu ndi kuwala zimakhudza zinthu etiological. Bronchial ntchofu hypersecretion zikachitika, kukhuthala ake ukuwonjezeka ndi, chifukwa, amatope adakangalika anasamutsidwa kuchoka airway lapansi. Ngati izo zimachitika kuti pali tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo, COPD kulimbikitsa ndi kuwonjezeka kutentha, kuwonongeka kwa chikhalidwe ambiri, maonekedwe a hypoxia kwambiri ndi kulephera kupuma.

Tikumbukenso kuti COPD ndi matenda yodziwika ndi kulandira nthawi-ikusintha, ndi alternating nthawi exacerbation ndi mwamtendere za ndondomeko pathological. Kawirikawiri matenda ndi amenable mankhwala ndi zovuta, amafuna phwando nthawi zonse mankhwala yokonza ndi kugwilizana ndi moyo moyenera. Odwala, makamaka achikulire, ndi olemala, ntchito ndi kusankha kulolerana ndi kulimba utachepa.

Matenda obstructive m'mapapo mwanga matenda ogwirizana dzina lawo matenda angapo a dongosolo kupuma: aakulu matenda obstructive, aakulu m'mapapo mwanga matenda a mtima, ndiko kumayambitsa m'mapapo ndi, monga vuto la matenda, matenda oopsa m'mapapo mwanga.

Zimayambitsa COPD

Pamene obstructive m'mapapo mwanga matenda anati kusintha pathological minofu m'mapapo, ichi amakonda osati kwa anthu onse, pali kutengera za kumtundu, kusowa antitrypsin. zinthu sichikupindulitsani makamaka: nthawi yaitali kusuta, kupanga zoipa (ngozi za pantchito). ingafooketse mapapo ndi simenti pakachitsulo fumbi, particles thonje fumbi kapena mbewu pa chikepe kapena pa kukolola. Osati otsiriza udindo ankaimba ndi zinthu osauka zachilengedwe. zinthu Etiological, zolimbikitsa maselo secretory kupangitsa hypersecretion wa secretions bronchial. Kusinthidwa ciliated epithelium sangathe kuchoka ntchofu viscous wambiri zokwanira, ndipo stagnates pali blockage (kutsekeka) M'njira mbali zosiyanasiyana. Hyperextension minofu kupuma zikubweretsa mapangidwe foci wa kuchuluka airiness. Kaya chifukwa cha COPD, zizindikiro zake zimafanana ndi matenda osiyana.

Zizindikiro zizindikiro COPD pa matenda

Obstructive chifuwa amakhala ndi chifuwa yonyowa ndi expectoration kovuta. Kuchuluka chifuwa limapezeka pa ozizira, nyengo yozizira. Bronchial katulutsidwe amakhala viscous ndi zovuta amayendayenda, nthawi zambiri limodzi ndi malungo otsika kalasi. Zikavuta, angathe bronchospasm ndi kulephera kupuma.

Mu ndiko kumayambitsa amapezeka pathological m'mapapo kuwonjezeka zinchito zigawo - za alveoli, kuwachititsa kuonjezera airiness, hyperextension a linga alveolar ndi kulephera kucheza wamba mpweya. matendawa amakhudza m'mapapo minofu okha (mogwirizana) ndi akakufunsani. Kuwala Choncho amafanana mphesa. Yodziwika ndi yeniyeni mawonekedwe a chifuwa, kumakhaladi mbiya mawonekedwe chifukwa mpweya owonjezera. Odwala amadandaula kufupika zonse mpweya, akhoza zowoneka onani nawo akatumba zina kupuma. Ngati obstuchal pachifuwa percussion, bokosi phokoso auscultated.

Njira amachitira COPD

Cholinga chachikulu cha mankhwala COPD kuchotsa zimayambitsa matenda ndi liwiro mwina kupitirira matenda. Wodwala ayenera kukhala zotheka kusiya kusuta, ngati pali ngozi kuntchito, kusintha ntchito. Iwo m'pofunika kuti nthawi zonse amachita chithandizo thupi, kupuma kokoka. Nkofunika kupewa chimfine. Exacerbation ankachitira ndi mankhwala, dilyatiruyuschimi bronchi. Awa ndi ena ofanana nawo a tiotropium (Spiriva, Atrovent) omwe ntchito mu mawonekedwe inhalation. Kutupa m'malo olumikizirana mafupa timadzi minofu edema (prednisolone, hydrocortisone, dexamethasone). Matenda bakiteriya amachita ntchito mankhwala.

Expectoration wa phlegm ndi kupatulira anachititsa mucolytics.

Ngati kupuma kulephera lipindulitsa Masked inhalation ya mpweya koyera.