Cholesterol ndi chiyani? Cholesterol ndi cholesterol - ndi kusiyana kotani?

Thupi laumunthu ndi njira yovuta kudzidziletsa. Kotero chikhalidwe chake chimalenga, ndipo zonse zomwe zili mmenemo ndizofunikira pa ntchito yoyenera. Cholesterol ndi mbali yofunika ya selo iliyonse. Pali zambiri mu mitsempha ya ubongo, ubongo uli ndi 60% ya minofu ya adipose. Ndiponso, chifukwa cha kolesteroloni, mahomoni ambiri amapangidwa. Ena amagwiritsa ntchito mawu akuti cholesterol (cholesterol) ndi matenda a atherosclerosis, ndi chinachake chovulaza. Koma tiyeni tiwone mwatsatanetsatane momwe zimachitikira.

Cholesterol ndi cholesterol. Kodi pali kusiyana?

Cholesterol ndi cholesterol ndi chiyani? Kodi pali kusiyana pakati pa mawu, kugwirizana kotani m'thupi? Mwachibadwa, ndi kristalo wamadzi. Kuchokera pamalingaliro a mankhwala, ndi zolondola kutchula chigawo cha cholesterol, ndipo zimamveka m'mabuku a sayansi akunja. The_chigawo chimasonyeza kuti palimodzi ndi za mowa. Ku Russia, madokotala amagwiritsira ntchito mawu akuti "cholesterol" nthawi zambiri.

Kuchokera panja, palibe chifukwa cholandirira kolesterolini, komiti yokha imapanga 80% ya thupi lomwelo. 20% otsala amabwera ndi chakudya, ndipo gawo ili likufunikanso. Cholesterol imagwira ntchito m'thupi ndi yofunika kwambiri, ndipo sizingatheke kuti mutenge malowa.

Cholesterol - chinthu chomwe chiri mbali ya miyala yomwe imapangidwa mu bile ndi ndulu chikhodzodzo. Pano pali chigawo chachikulu. Pa nthawi yomweyo, cholesterol yambiri imalowa mu mwalawo, ndipamwamba kwambiri kuti mutha kuchotsa mkombero popanda kupaleshoni. Miyala yomwe imayenda momasuka ndipo imakhala ndi zazikulu.

Kutsekemera kwa mafuta m'thupi mwathu tsiku lililonse ndi pafupifupi 0,5-0.8 g, 50% amapanga chiwindi, pafupifupi 15% m'matumbo. Selo lililonse la thupi limatha kupanga cholesterol. Ndi chakudya cha tsiku limodzi ndi 0,4 g wa mankhwalawa.

Udindo wa cholesterol

Cholesterol m'magazi - chigawo chomwe chimathandiza kwambiri poyambitsa steroids, vitamini D, mahomoni ogonana, adrenal cortex. Izi ndi mbali yofunikira ya maselo onse. Chifukwa cha cholesterol, maselo amatha kusunga maonekedwe awo. Njira zoyendetsa magalimoto zimapangidwanso ndi kutenga nawo gawoli. Choncho, ngati thupi liribe cholesterol, ndiye kuti maselo amagwira ntchito kwambiri. Pali kulephera kuntchito yawo.

Chofunika kwambiri cha bile ndi bile acid, zimapangidwanso kuchokera ku cholesterol. Izi zimatengera gawo lalikulu la cholesterol chonse mu thupi - pafupifupi magawo atatu. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyikira chakudya ndi zofunika kwambiri, njira zonse zamagetsi zimadalira.

"Cholesterol"

Cholesterol ndi chinthu chimene sichikhoza kupasuka m'magazi a magazi. Zomwe zimapangidwanso, zomwe zimakhudza thupi lonse m'zaka za m'ma 1900, zinaphunzira kwambiri. M'dera lino, zowonjezera zambiri zapeza, zopindula khumi ndi zitatu za Nobel zapatsidwa.

Monga momwe kafukufuku wasonyezera, thupi liribe chinthu ichi mwa mawonekedwe ake oyera. Nthawi zonse ali ndi zinthu zitatu, aliyense amakhala ndi gawo. Popeza kuti cholesterol sichikhoza kupasuka, imafunika mapuloteni othandizira othandizira kuti adutse mthupi. Panopa, mankhwala a kolesterolini ndi mapuloteni, kapena lipoproteins amapangidwa. Pali magulu atatu a lipoproteins: otsika, otsika kwambiri ndi apamwamba kwambiri.

Mapamwamba a lipoproteins amasungunuka bwino ndipo musasiye mchenga. Kutengerako kotereku kumayambitsa cholesterol mwachindunji kuti igwiritsidwe mu chiwindi, kumene mankhwala amchere, omwe ndi ofunikira kuti chimbudzi, apangidwe kuchokera. Komanso, zotsalira zake zimalowa m'matumbo. Ndiyeno amachotsedwa m'thupi. Mtundu uwu wa mankhwala unkatchedwa "cholesterol wabwino".

"Cholesterol" Choipa

LDL cholesterol (yotsika kwambiri) imatchedwa "cholesterol choipa." Mtundu uwu ndiwo mawonekedwe akuluakulu oyendetsa. Chifukwa cha LDL, chigawochi chimalowa m'maselo a thupi. Chotero lipoproteins ali bwino sungunuka, kotero iwo amakonda kupanga precipitates. Ngati mlingo wa LDL ukukwera, pali chiopsezo cha matenda a atherosclerosis.

Zotsalayo lipoproteins, osati m'magulu awiri oyambirira, ndi otsika kwambiri osakanikirana lipoproteins. Amapangidwa m'chiwindi ndi kutenga cholesterol ku maselo onse a ziwalo. Mafakitale amenewa ndi owopsa kwambiri, amapanga atherosclerotic plaques.

Ndondomeko Yoyenera

Ochita kafukufuku onse amanena kuti apamwamba m'magazi a apamwamba kwambiri a lipoproteins, ndi abwino. Koma momwe mungadziwire malirewo pamene mankhwala othandiza angathe kukhala oipa? Kuchepetsa cholesterol chonse (kuchuluka kwa zonse zoipa ndi zabwino), komanso mlingo wa lipoproteins wa zovuta zosiyana, m'pofunika kuti aphunzire thupi chaka chilichonse ndikupereka mayeso a magazi.

Kotero inu nthawizonse mudzakhala mutadziwa kuti ndi gawo lanji la cholesterol mu thupi lanu. Choncho, n'zotheka kutenga nthawi ndikukonza mkhalidwe ngati pali zolakwika zomwe zilipo.

Cholesterol: chizoloŵezi

Miyambo imeneyi imadalira pazinthu zambiri pa umoyo, zaka ndi kugonana kwa munthu amene akuyesa magazi. Zizindikiro zambiri ndi izi:

1. Kawirikawiri ya mafuta ambiri m'thupi mwa munthu wamkulu ndi 3.9-5.2 mmol / l. Ngati zotsatira zake zikuchokera pa 5.2 mpaka 6.5, ndiye madokotala amalepheretsa kupotoka pang'ono kuchokera ku chizolowezi. Pa chiwonetsero cha 6.6 mpaka 7.8 - kusokonekera moyenera. Pamwamba pa 7.8 - mawonekedwe a hypercholesterolemia, mankhwalawa ndi ofunika kale pano.

2. Kuganizira amuna okhaokha, tiyenera kudziwa kuti mlingo wa mankhwalawa sungapitilire 7.17 mmol / l, kwa amayi malire ndi 7.77. Ngati cholesterol ikulutsidwa, dokotala ayenera kupereka malangizo ena. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kusamala thanzi lanu.

3. Chiŵerengero cha mkulu wochulukitsa lipoproteins kukhala otsika kwambiri lipoproteins sayenera kupitirira 1: 3. Izi ziyenera kudziwika kwa aliyense.

Ngati muli ndi chilichonse choyenera ndi zizindikiro za kolesteroloni yonse ndi chiŵerengero cha "zabwino" ndi "choipa", ndiye simukusowa mlandu wa cholesterol. Ngati mlingowo sunapitirire pang'ono, ndi kosavuta kukonza zakudya zoyenera, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Chotsani zizoloŵezi zoipa, kusewera masewera, kuyang'ana dziko lapansi ndi kuyembekezera mwachidwi, osapanikizika maganizo a moyo wanu - ndipo thanzi lidzabwerenso mwachibadwa.

Matenda a khunyu komanso kolesterolini

Pazifukwa za matenda a atherosclerosis, ambiri amaona cholesterol. Ngati cholesterol chonse chikuleredwa, ndiye, kuyika pamakoma a zotengera, zimapangitsa kuti magazi azivutika kwambiri. Koma ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti chifukwa cha ichi ndi "choipa" cholesterol, kapena otsika komanso otsika kwambiri lipoproteins. "Zabwino", m'malo mwake, amachotsa zotengerazo.

Izo zatsimikiziridwa kale kuti gulu la atherosclerosis ndi cholesterol ndi lovuta kwambiri. Mosakayikira, ngati cholesterol ikukwera, izi ndizovuta kuti chitukuko cha atherosclerosis chikhale chonchi. Koma matendawa nthawi zambiri amayamba mwa anthu omwe ali ndi mgwirizano weniweni womwe tikulingalira. Ndipotu, cholesterol chokwera ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zambiri zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa. Izi zimaphatikizapo kusuta, kunenepa kwambiri, kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi shuga. Kukhalapo kwa zinthu izi ngakhale pa mlingo woyenera wa cholesterol kumathandizanso ku chitukuko cha atherosclerosis.

Kuwoneka kosiyana

Pali malingaliro ena pa vuto la cholesterol. Kukonzekera - cholesterol - kumakhala m'malo omwe mumakhala mitsempha ya mitsempha yazing'ono, imalepheretsa kuvulala, ndikuyesa ntchito ya mchiritsi. Choncho, nthawi zambiri matenda a atherosclerosis amawoneka ndipo ali ndi mphamvu ya cholesterol.

Ndi chiwerengero chowonjezeka, vutoli limadziwonetsa mofulumira mofulumira, kuphatikizapo, ndikosavuta kusonkhana ndi kuphwanya cholesterol ndi matenda a atherosclerosis, omwe anachita kumayambiriro kwa kafukufuku. Cholesterol imatchulidwa kuti ndi amene amachititsa mavuto onse. Nanga n'chifukwa chiyani kuchepa kwa ndondomekoyi sikungathetseratu mavuto ndi zitsulo? Zikatero, kusowa kwa kolesterolini kungayambitsenso kuyambitsa magazi. Asayansi akupitiriza kufunafuna zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwakukulu ndikupanga njira zatsopano zothandizira.

Mafuta osiyana

Mliri wa kolesterolino umadalira osati kupezeka kokha kwa chakudya chake, koma ndi ubwino wa mafuta. Ndipo iwonso ali osiyana. Pali mafuta oyenera kuti thupi lilimbana ndi "cholesterol" choipa, kuti likhale ndi "zabwino". Kagulu kamene kamaphatikizapo mafuta omwe amapezeka muzinthu zotsatirazi:

• Kuchotsa.
• Amondi.
• Mitedza ya Cashew.
• Pistachio.
• Mbewu za mbewu za sameame.
• Mafuta a azitona.
• Nyama yamchere wachikasu.
• Mafuta a Sesame.

Mafuta a polyunsaturated salinso mitsempha yathu, sayenera kutayidwa, koma wina sayenera kukhala achangu makamaka. Chifukwa cha kusowa kwawo, mapulaneti a atherosclerotic amakula pamlingo wawiri. Mafuta oterewa sali opangidwa mu thupi, kotero iwo ayenera kubwera ndi chakudya:

• Mafuta a chimanga.
• Mbeu za mpendadzuwa ndi maungu.

Mafuta a polyunsaturated amachititsa Omega-3 amapezeka mu zotsatirazi:

• Zakudya Zam'madzi.
• Nsomba zamitundu yosiyanasiyana.
• Ikani mafuta.
• Mafuta otsekemera.
• Mafuta a soya.
• Walnuts.

Mafuta okhuta amachulukitsa mlingo wa kolesterolini, komanso pakadyedwe kake kuti muchepetse zizindikiro zomwe mukufunikira kuti muchepetse zakudya zawo:

• Ng'ombe.
• Nkhumba.
• Butter.
• Zakudya zaukhondo.
• Kokonati ndi mafuta a kanjedza.
• Kirimu wamchere.
• Cream.
• Mkaka wonse.
• Cream cream.

Gulu loopsa kwambiri la mafuta - mafuta opangidwa. Zambiri mwa izo zimapangidwa kuchokera ku mafuta a masamba a madzi mwanjira yapadera. Pambuyo pa mankhwala apadera, mafuta olimba (kapena margarine) amapezeka. Mafuta otentha samangowonjezera mlingo wa "cholesterol" choipa, komanso amachepetsa "zabwino". Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala osungirako zakudya, bakate, confectionery, chokoleti bars, maswiti ndi zina zambiri.

Kuposa cholesterolini yapamwamba ndi yoopsa

Cholesterol ndi chinthu chomwe chimakhalapo m'thupi lathu. Iye amachita ntchito za wogulitsa, ali ndi udindo wopereka mafuta kwa maselo. Cholesterol mwina "imabweretsa" mafuta ku zitsulo, kapena amatenga kuchokera kumeneko. Koma ngati chiwerengero chake n'chokwanira kuposa chizolowezi chovomerezeka, chimayikidwa pamakoma. Choncho, timapanga tizilombo ta atherosclerotic, ndipo zotengerazo zimachotsedwa. Kodi ndizoopsa?

Ndi kuchuluka kwa cholesterol choipa, kachilombo kakang'ono kangayambe kuoneka. Kupyolera mumayendedwe a erythrocyte ndi mapaleletti, ndipo akhoza kupanga thrombus. Ngati chotengera chimadzaza ndi thrombus, pali mwayi wodwala matenda a stroke, matenda a myocardial infarction, kapena chimfine chakumapeto.

Kuchiza kwa kuphwanya

Kuchepetsa mlingo wa kolesterolo m'magazi, muyenera kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi. Kulemera kwakukulu kuyenera kuchepetsedwa. Muzichita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Onetsetsani zakudya (chakudya chodyera sayenera kukhala ndi mafuta odzaza, komanso mafuta odzola).

Ngati moyo wabwino suwongolera kuchepa kwa cholesterol, mankhwala ochokera ku gulu la statins amalamulidwa. Amatha kuchepetsa kukula kwa "cholesterol", motero amalepheretsa kudwala kapena kupweteka kwa mtima.

Pomaliza, timapereka malangizo othandiza:

• Musasiye mafuta. Ichi ndi gwero la mphamvu zathu, zotetezera, zomangamanga.
• Yang'anani kudya kwa mafuta mu thupi lanu. Kwa nzika, kudya mafuta tsiku ndi tsiku, ngati kutanthauziridwa mu makilogalamu, ziyenera kukhala ma calories 600-800, omwe ali pafupifupi 30% ya chizoloŵezi cha tsiku ndi tsiku.
• Gwiritsani ntchito mafuta obadwa okha. Zopindulitsa kwambiri ndizo zomwe zimakhalabe madzi ozizira.