Chisamaliro Palliative. chisamaliro Palliative odwala khansa

Chaka chilichonse mamiliyoni ambiri amafa mu dziko. Ndipo ambiri a iwo akukumana pa mavuto oopsa. chisamaliro Palliative Cholinga kuwongolera moyo wa anthu akuvutika zosiyanasiyana matenda aakulu mu gawo osatha, pamene options zonse wotopa mankhwala apadera. m'dera limeneli la zaumoyo sinafike kukwaniritsa yaitali chikhululukiro kapena kutalikitsa moyo, koma osati kufupikitsa izo. Lamulo udindo wa azaumoyo - kuvutika kwa munthu wodwala. Aliyense amene ali ndi matenda udakali mwapang'onopang'ono likuyandikira pamapeto a moyo, chisamaliro palliative amaperekedwa. Mfundo yaikulu: ziribe kanthu momwe zovuta kapena matenda, inu nthawi zonse kupeza njira kusintha khalidwe la munthu wa moyo mu masiku otsala.

Pa funso la kumaliza

chisamaliro Palliative salandira kumaliza pansi kuyimira kwa dokotala. Ngati wodwala atam'pempha izo, izo zimatanthauza akukumana kuvutika kwambiri ndipo tifunika kusintha mosamala. zochitika zonse basi umalimbana kuthetsa ululu ndi mavuto psychosocial, imene amayambira zimenezi.

Zolinga

chisamaliro Palliative kumafuna mbali zambiri za moyo wa anthu kudwala: kusokonezeka maganizo, madokotala, chikhalidwe, wauzimu. Kuwonjezera pa mpumulo zizindikiro pathological ndi kupweteka, wodwala ayenera kukhala ndi makhalidwe abwino ndi psychosocial thandizo. Chithandizo chofunika ndi achibale a munthu wodwalayo. Mawu akuti "palliative" lachokera ku Latin mawu pallium, kutanthauza "Cape", "chigoba". Pagona mfundo lonse. chisamaliro Palliative odwala khansa, anthu ena odwala matenda akuluakulu Cholinga kusalaza, kubisa chinthu zizindikiro za matenda osachiritsika, titero, yokutidwa modzilemekeza, chivundikiro chotero kuteteza.

Mbiri ya chitukuko

The gulu la akatswiri mu makumi asanu ndi awiri a atumwi wotsiriza kuyang'aniridwa ndi WHO bungwe chitukuko palliative chisamaliro. Mu Mipingo oyambirira, amene anayamba kukhala kanthu padziko lonse kumayambiriro miyeso kuti kuti anaonetsetsa kupezeka kwa apioidov ndi analgesia zokwanira kwa odwala khansa lonse. Mu 1982, tanthauzo la chisamaliro palliative ena amanena. thandizo mabuku odwala amene mankhwala a matenda si amenable, ndi cholinga chachikulu cha thandizo lotereli - kuletsa ululu ndi zizindikiro zina, komanso kuthetsa mavuto maganizo a wodwala. Posakhalitsa mbali iyi thanzi analandira udindo wa chilango boma ndi mwini malo ake matenda ndi maphunziro.

njira zamakono

chisamaliro Palliative mu tanthauzo la 1982 anali kutanthauziridwa monga kuthandiza odwala amene mankhwala umathandizanso salinso ntchito. chiphunzitso ichi mwapang'ono munda wa zaumoyo thandizo yekha mu magawo mochedwa matenda. Koma lero ndi mfundo anazindikira kuti thandizo la chikhalidwe ayenera anawonjezera odwala matenda aliwonse osachiritsika osachiritsika. Kusintha kudadza chifukwa cha kuzindikira kuti mavuto amene angapeze pa mapeto a moyo wa wodwalayo Ndipotu uka ngakhale mu magawo oyambirira a matenda.

Mu 2002, mogwirizana ndi kufala kwa Edzi, anapitiriza kuwonjezeka chiwerengero cha odwala khansa, kukalamba mofulumira alionse padziko lonse, omwe anawonjezera tanthauzo la chisamaliro palliative. Lingaliro waperekedwa osati mtima komanso banja lake. Chinthu thandizo tsopano osati kokha wodwalayo komanso banja lake, amene, pambuyo pa imfa ya munthu akusowa thandizo kupulumuka choopsa cha imfa. Choncho kusamalira palliative tsopano - izi ndi malangizo a zinthu zosangalatsa ndi mankhwala, cholinga cha mumakhala kusintha khalidwe la moyo wa kudwala ndi mabanja awo zomwe ndi kuletsa kuvutika ndi thandizo la ululu ndi zizindikiro zina, kuphatikiza maganizo ndi uzimu ...

mfundo

Malinga ndi tanthauzo la chisamaliro palliative odwala khansa ndi anthu matenda ena osachiritsika:

• Iwo pakuonetsa moyo, koma amaona imfa yachibadwa masoka njira;
• Bukuli lakonzedwa ngati n'zotheka kupereka wodwala moyo yogwira;
• Iwo ulibe cholinga kuchepetsa kapena kutalikitsa moyo;
• Iwo amapereka thandizo kwa achibale a munthu wodwalayo mu ndondomeko otaya matenda ake, ndipo pamene zinachitikira yachisoni;
• Ndi Cholinga kukwaniritsa zofuna za mtima onse ndi anthu a m'banja lake, kuphatikizapo makonzedwe a mwambo wa maliro ngati n'kotheka;
• interprofessional njira amagwiritsa;
• Bwino khalidwe la moyo ndi ali ndi zotsatira zabwino pa njira ya matenda a wodwalayo;
• angathe kutalikitsa moyo wake chifukwa cha makhalidwe yake ya ntchito molumikizana ndi njira zina zochizira.

mayendedwe

Anamwino palliative chikuchitika mu mbali ziwiri:

1) tisaletse kuvutika kwa mtima m'kati mwa matenda;

2) kuonetsa thandizo pa miyezi yomaliza ndi masiku a moyo.

zigawo zikuluzikulu za azimuth lachiwiri maganizo thandizo kwa wodwalayo ndiponso achibale ake, mapangidwe nzeru ina. Monga tanena nthawi zambiri, chisamaliro palliative mankhwala - ndi ndiyotani pakuchotsa wodwalayo mavuto. Ndipo kodi ndalama akuvutika? Izi ululu ndi kulephera msonkhano wokha, ndi malire a moyo, ndi kulephera kuyenda, ndi kulakika, ndi mantha a imfa, ndipo amadziona kuti ndi kuthedwa nzeru ndi kuwawa chifukwa cha udindo zosakwanira ndi yosatha ntchito. Mndandanda kumapitirirabe ... Ntchito akatswiri - kukulitsa mtima wodwalayo kwa imfa yachibadwa (achilengedwe) siteji ya ulendo anthu.

Palliative Care Organization

Potsatira tanthauzo la WHO, chithandizo ayenera kuyamba ndi mphindi imene akapezeka ndi matenda osachiritsika, lomwe m'tsogolo n'kogwiritsa imfa. Thandizo olondola ndipo kuperekedwa mofulumira, m'pamenenso kuti cholinga chake chachikulu chikwaniritsidwa - khalidwe la moyo wa wodwalayo komanso mabanja awo adzasintha mmene ndingathere. Childs, pa siteji iyi ya chisamaliro palliative ana ndi akulu ndi madokotala nawo ndondomeko mankhwala.

chisamaliro mwachindunji odwalayo chofunika pamene chithandizo umathandizanso ndi kale, koma matenda ili m'kati ndi amapeza siteji osachiritsika. Kapena pamene matenda anali atazindikira mochedwa kwambiri. Tikuyankhula zokhudza odwala anthu, limene madokotala kuti: ". Mwatsoka, sitingathe kuthandiza" Apa mu nthawi ino ndipo muyenera yomweyo odwalayo thandizo, mwa kulankhula kwina - mapeto kwa moyo. Koma m'pofunika kokha odwala amene akuvutika. Ngakhale N'zovuta kulingalira munthu wakufa amene si nkhawa za izi. Koma mwina pali ena ...

Magulu odwala amene akufunika thandizo

• anthu ndi zotupa zilonda za gawo lachinayi;
• AIDS loyenda pa siteji osachiritsika;
• anthu omwe si khansa aakulu matenda kupata ndi siteji osachiritsika chitukuko (m'mapapo mwanga, aimpso, mtima, kwa chiwindi kulephera decompensation, zosokonezeka mu ubongo matenda magazi angapo sclerosis).

Pulogalamu chisamaliro amaperekedwa kwa anthu amene amayembekezeka ndi zosakwana miyezi itatu kapena isanu, zikuonekeratu kuti ankafuna chithandizo ndi sizingathandize pamene wodwala akukumana zizindikiro zimene zimafuna kusamalidwa ndi mankhwala symptomatic ndi kugwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso chapadera ndi luso.

thandizo akamagwiritsa

Ndondomeko makonzedwe a chisamaliro palliative angakhale osiyana. Aliyense dziko akufotokozera dongosolo yake. WHO akuonetsa kuti kulimbikitsidwa m'njira ziwiri: kuchipatala ndi kunyumba. mabungwe apadera, kumene palliative chisamaliro, matenda osachiritsika ndi madipatimenti zochokera zipatala Oncology, zipatala ambiri, zipatala za Protection Social. Home thandizo ntchito akatswiri pakufalitsa, akuchita nyumba monga palokha kapena kugawikana kwa maofesi chisamaliro chaumoyo.

Popeza kuti anthu ambiri amakonda mpumulo wa moyo wanu kucheza kunyumba, chitukuko cha buku lachiwiri la chisamaliro palliative ndi yoyenera kwambiri. Koma mu Russia, ambiri odwala awa adzafa mu zipatala chifukwa nyumba achibale Sangathe kulenga zinthu zili awo. Mulimonsemo, ndi Zili ndi wodwalayo.