Charles Dickens: yochepa yonena

Charles Dickens ndi mosakayikira, wotchuka kwambiri English novelist za m'ma 19, amene wapeza chikondi chachikulu owerenga adakali moyo. Iye moyenerera ali ndi malo otsogolera pakati zapamwamba mabuku dziko.

banja

Charles Dickens, kanthawi mbiri yomwe kwake pepala ili, anabadwa mu 1812 mu Lendporte. Makolo ake anali John ndi Elizabeth Dickens. Charles wachiwiri mu mzere mwana wa ana asanu ndi atatu m'banja.

bambo ake ankagwira ntchito ku panyanja m'munsi mwa Royal asilikali apanyanja, koma iye sanali ndi wakhama ndi wapolisi. Mu 1815 iye anali kunditumiza ku London, kumene anasamukira ndi banja lake. Komabe, iwo unali likulu la yaitali. Patangotha zaka ziwiri iwo anayembekezera Chatham.

Chifukwa ndalama kwambiri pachuma zosayenera wa banja, Dzhon Dikkens mu 1824 inali mu ndende ngongole, kumene kumapeto kwa mlungu kuti mkazi wake ndi ana ake analowerera. Iye mwayi kwambiri, chifukwa miyezi ingapo, analandira cholowa analephera kubweza ngongole.

John penshioni anali kupereka kwa Admiralty, ndi Komanso, malipilo a mtolankhani, chimene amazipeza imodzi manyuzipepala.

Childhood ndi unyamata

Charles Dickens, amene yonena N'zochititsa chidwi mafani mabuku, sukulu ku Chatham. Chifukwa cha bambo wake iye anayenera kupita oyambirira ntchito. Zinali fakitale kwa kupanga osalala, kumene anyamata linalipiridwa makobiri asanu sabata.

Nditatuluka bambo ake m'ndende, Charles anakhalabe pomutumikira anaumirira mayi ake. Komanso, anayamba kupita ku Wellington Academy, imene anamaliza 1827.

Mu May chaka chomwecho Charles Dickens ali kalaliki junior mu ofesi malamulo, ndipo patatha chaka chimodzi ndi theka, dongosolo ndi katswiri shorthand mtolankhani anapita kukagwira ntchito ufulu.

Mu 1830 anaitanidwa kuti "Morning Hronikal".

ntchito Early

omvera nthawi yomweyo mtolankhaniyo novice. manotsi ake chidwi cha anthu ambiri.

Mu 1836, choyamba Zomwe analemba mabuku wolemba - kuphunzira khalidwe "zina zachidule ndi Boz".

Iye makamaka analemba za bourgeoisie zazing'ono, zofuna zake ndi zinthu, anasolola zithunzi zolembalemba wa London ndipo zithunzi m'maganizo.

Izo ziyenera kuti Charles Dickens, kanthawi yonena zomwe sangafikire madera onse a moyo wake, komanso mabuku ake nayamba kulalikira ku nyuzipepala mutu osiyana.

"Pickwick mapepala"

Achiroma anayamba kufalitsa mu 1836. Pamene machaputala atsopano amaŵerenga wolemba anakula yekha.

M'buku lino Charles Dickens limasonyeza England akale ndi zipani zosiyanasiyana. Mu adzitengere ulamuliro wa - chikhalidwe eccentric Bambo Pickwick, dzina anakhala mawu banja mapeto.

mamembala Club adzapita ku England ndipo penyani mosiyana kwa anthu eni zambiri kulowa lopusa zinthu zosamveka.

Kupanga buku - ndi osiyana preinteresneyshaya mutu. Dickens ankapereka kamodzi pamwezi kulemba yochepa nkhani yofanana mmodzi wa etchings wa wojambula Robert Seymour. Wolemba onse kukhumudwa ndi mfundo imeneyi, koma ngati iye anamverera ngati kulenga chinachake chachikulu.

Kunatsala pang'ono kudzipha Seymour zinasintha chilichonse. Akonzi anali kupeza wojambula latsopano. Iwo anakhala P., amene pambuyo pake anali Illustrator ntchito zambiri Dickens. Tsopano, si wolemba ndi wojambula anali chakumbuyo kujambula pa zithunzi lolingana lembalo.

Roman anapanga kutengeka kwambiri. Mayina a anthu otchulidwa yomweyo unadziwika ngati agalu, kupereka nicknames kuvala zipewa izi ndi maambulera, monga Pickwick.

ntchito zina

Charles Dickens, amene yonena amadziwika kuti aliyense wokhala mwa Albion, anapanga kuseka lonse la England. Koma ichi chinali thandizo wake kuthetsa mavuto aakulu kwambiri.

ntchito yake lotsatira linali buku "The Life ndi Zopatsa Chidwi cha Oliver kupotokola". Tsopano ndi kovuta kulingalira munthu amene sakudziwa nkhani ya wamasiye Oliver ku nyumba zauve ndi London.

Charles Dickens zinasonyeza chithunzi timapangira chikhalidwe mu buku lake, kukhudza pa vuto la workhouses ndi kukondera, monga kuyenera moyo wa bourgeoisie wolemera.

Mu 1843 anafalitsa "A Khirisimasi Carol", omwe anakhala imodzi mwa nkhani otchuka kwambiri Werengani ya holide imeneyi zamatsenga.

Mu 1848 anafalitsa buku "Dombey ndi Mwana" anaitana bwino mu wolemba.

Ntchito izi lake "David Copperfield." Kuti akuonetsa autobiographical buku. Dickens likubweretsa ntchito ya mzimu kumusonyeza ndi capitalist England, akale makhalidwe abwino.

Charles Dickens, amene ntchito zake kwenikweni pano pa alumali uliwonse England, analemba mabuku yekha chikhalidwe zisakuyenda bwino. Mwachitsanzo, "Yovuta." ntchito zakale "The nthano Awiri Cities" walola wolemba afotokoze maganizo awo pa French kuukira boma.

Buku "nonse athu anzanu 'amakoka counterpoint wake, apuma pa wolemba nkhani za chikhalidwe. Ndipo kusintha chikhalidwe kulemba. Chikudziwikabe kusintha ndi ntchito zotsatirazi wolemba, mwatsoka, si wathunthu.

Moyo wa Charles Dickens anali odabwitsa. Wolemba anamwalira mu 1870 ku sitiroko a.

mfundo zosangalatsa

Dickens analimbikira kuti amaona ndipo amamva zilembo za ntchito zake. Nawonso, zonse muzitha, sindikufuna wolemba kuchita chilichonse kupatula iwo.

Charles zambiri wagona tulo, kuti si kachiwiri anaona comrades wake. Iye nthawi zonse ankabwerera kumverera kwa deja vu.

Kuyambira 1836 wolemba anakwatira Ketrin Hogart. Banjalo ana asanu ndi atatu. Pa mbali ya ukwati ankaoneka osangalala, koma Dickens nkhope yake inagwa kupusa kukangana ndi mkazi wake, chopweteka zinachitikira ana.

Mu 1857 iye anagwa mchikondi ndi Ammayi Ellen Ternan, amene anakomana mpaka imfa yake. Inde, anali ndi chibwenzi chobisa. M'nthawi otchedwa Ellen "zosaoneka mkazi".