Caver - ndani izi? The Nakonso? Kodi amaphunzira caver?

Caver - ndani izi? Ifenso ikutuluka anthu ambiri anamva dzina la mmodzi wa kudzinenera zoopsa kwambiri ndi zothandiza. Chinthu ndi kuti si ntchito ambiri akatswiri amenewa si kwambiri, kotero si ambiri otchuka. Cavers - ndi olimba mtima, okonda zachilengedwe si anazolowera kukhala kunyumba kuonera TV. Anthu amenewa nthawi zonse msewu, ali ndi mphamvu zawo ndi mitsempha, akupanga njira yawo ku malo owopsa pa dziko, kuika miyoyo yawo pachiswe.

Tanthauzo la ntchito ya speleologists ndi kufufuza m'mapanga, zimayambitsa ndi asilikali a asayembekezere. Wina mtundu wa ntchito Zikuoneka kuti akungotaya nthawi, koma kwenikweni si. Cavers - mchitidwewu, kupereka mfundo za kafukufuku wa mbiri yakale, zakale Akatswiriwa ndi theorists ena.

ndi sayansi ya caving chiyani?

Speleology - nthambi ya nthaka kuti amaphunzira mapangidwe, kusanduka, zaka, topezeka, ndi kafukufuku wakapangidwe kazachilengedwe wa mwachibadwa zikuchitika mapanga. sayansi zimenezi n'kofunika kwambiri chifukwa amalola kuphunzira zambiri za zamoyo, mbiri, hydrology zinthu zakale, ndipo paleontology. Speleology kumaphatikizapo kuphunzira kusamuka a pansi, kufufuza magwero geysers, mipweya zachilengedwe, chiphalaphala. Ngati ambiri a akatswiri chinkhoswe kafukufuku yekha pa pepala kapena Laboratories okonzeka, ndi cavers nthawi zonse zoyenda, oyendayenda padziko lonse.

caver ndi ndani?

Kawirikawiri nafuna kuti: "speleologist - awa ndi ndani ndipo kodi kuchita" Zimenezi n'zosadabwitsa, chifukwa ntchito imeneyi ali osowa kwambiri ndi anthu ambiri. Akatswiri malangizo amenewa chikalata infrequently mkhalidwe wa nthaka. Koma mwa cavers akatswiri kukumana ndi anthu ndi dipuloma zogwirizana, ngakhale ambiri a iwo sayansi. akatswiri amenewa ndi kwa phindu la zachuma ndi sayansi, kuthandiza mu chitukuko ndi kutukuka kwa malo amenewa.

Oimira sayansi caving sangathe kukhala kwa masiku malaibulale, nyama yaikulu - ndi zinthu pamodzi Maulendo a. Saika patsogolo mfundo, ndi kuyang'ana umboni wa malingaliro sayansi. Ndipotu, mbewu yokha kapena zitsanzo thanthwe zimapezeka m'mapanga, akhoza kutsutsa kapena kutsimikizira zoti Yesu chiphunzitso anausankha theorist lapansi.

Amene akufuna amadzipereka kuti sayansi imeneyi, nkofunika kuti tidziwe zimene caver, chifukwa ntchito imeneyi imafuna maluso ena. The katswiri ayenera kukhala amphamvu mwakuthupi ndiponso mwamaganizo, chifukwa ntchito zambiri zofunika zinthu yayenda. Speleologists kwenikweni kukhala othamanga kwambiri, ankafunitsitsa ulendo. ntchito imeneyi sinafike kutonthoza ntchito dekhetsa tsiku, ndi ulendo wokha ukhoza kwa miyezi ingapo, choncho akatswiri ayenera kukonzekera ulendo wautali.

chovala caver

Choncho zimene caver, kumapereka lingaliro osati zinthu zina, komanso zida. Choyamba, m'pofunika kugula zovala lamanja. Kwambiri yabwino njira anthu mudzamvere ovololo, nkhani ayenera kulola mpweya, kufunda, kutetezedwa ku chinyezi, musati chifukwa chifuwa kapena kukhumudwa. dongosolo Safety ayenera lakonzedwa kuti aliyense wa maulendowa ndi gulu lonse ambiri.

Cave kufufuza - ndi ntchito mu mdima, motero ayenera kupeza mkhalidwe tochi ndi mabatire yopuma ndi mababu. Muyeneranso chingwe opepuka, mphanga ofufuza mmodzi wa m'mphepete yake Ufumuyo pafupi pakhomo, akuchepa koyilo monga limayenda, choncho mosavuta kupeza njira kuti kusochera mu kukhotakhota mavesi ambiri. Choncho zimene caver, kumaphatikizapo mibadwo zonse ndi Zokwerera, nthawi zina khoma obweretsa kotero zida ayenera kukhala amphamvu ndi chingwe chachitali. Maphunziro kupeza pepala, pensulo, kampasi ndi mapu. Kumene, muyenera kusamalira zinthu chitetezo.

caving

Speleology - si kofunika yoopsa sayansi, komanso chochitika yosangalatsa kwambiri kwa anthu ndi khalidwe yogwira. Today Caving chotchuka kwambiri pakati pa anthu amene ndikufuna kufufuza m'mapanga, kuyang'ana pa mitsinje mobisa ndi nyanja, mapanga, zitsime umodzi, komanso kuzindikira chimene chimachititsa caver. The katswiri ndi ntchito kafukufuku, iye amakwawa mu mphanga, ndi kupeza mayendedwe kuchotsa mchere zachilengedwe ena mbiri ndi ofukula za m'mabwinja amapeza.

Caver ntchito mu woopsawo mapangidwe zofuna mphamvu, luso, kudziletsa, pothana ndi zochita mwamsanga. Caving, ndithudi, si abwino kwa anthu ofooka ndi odwala, komanso sikutanthauza luso la ntchito ndi kuti akhale mmisiri, malo kupita, limodzi ndi katswiri maulendo bwino kuphunzira ndi monga kuganizira kukongola ozungulira. Pankhaniyi, moyo wa munthu si pangozi.

Features speleoturizma

"Speleologist - awa ndi ndani?" - kawirikawiri kufunsa achinyamata anamva koyamba dzina la oipa, koma kwambiri ntchito chidwi. akatswiri komanso Amateurs naye bwino ndi katswiri analengedwa ndi chirengedwe. Chifukwa chaichi panali mtundu uwu zosangalatsa caving. Vuto limeneli lili ndi zina kuti muyenera kuganizira ophunzira onse a ulendo wa:

• Phanga ndi mdima, kotero muyenera M'sitolo pa magwero a kuyatsa yokumba.
• Kuyambira alili zimatengera pa zovuta za njira, pa njira akhoza kukumana ndi kudula yopapatiza, zitsime zakuya, nyanja mobisa kapena mitsinje.
• Pa maulendowa pali digiri yapamwamba ya kudziyimira pawokha.
• M'mapanga kutentha otsika ndi chinyezi mkulu.

Kukongola, maso otseguka cavers

Caver - chibvomerezo kuti akutsegula kukongola kochuruka kwa dziko mobisa. Madzi chaka chilichonse kwa zaka zonse kulenga katswiri wapadera. Ena m'mapanga, makamaka okalamba, ndi kuzama yaikulu kuti mu chipinda, akatswiri ndi Finyani kudzera slits yopapatiza kudutsa manholes ndi, agwera mu zitsime madzi ozizira. Koma zimene anaona ndi ofunika zonsezi, chifukwa nthawi zina pali tambirimbiri, omwe ndi okongola sizingafanane aliyense yachifumu wachifumu.

m'mapanga maphunziro satha, madontho a madzi kudutsa mkati mwa dziko lapansi, kumaundanitsa pa makoma a mchere kusungunuka kupanga njira imene timibulu kenako anadula. Helictites, stalagmites, stalactites, corallites zokhudza kukongola ndi ulemerero, si kwa chaka kapena zaka khumi, ndipo pa zaka, kukula pang'ono pang'ono. Anatsegulapo kamodzi pa nthumbi, mumvetsa zimene anthuwo akuchita caver ntchito - awa olimba mtima kufufuza dziko mobisa.

speleotherapy

Mapanga chidwi osati kwa asayansi ndi alendo, komanso anthu odwala, chifukwa cha microclimate awo wapadera amatha kuchitira. Speleotherapy inali nthawi yaitali, mbiri yake akubwerera pa zaka 2500. Kumafuna nthawi yaitali kukhala munthu mu microclimate mabomba mchere, mapanga karst. Ntchito mankhwala ndi mobisa akasupe ikukhudzana monga iwo yodziwika ndi mpweya wa poizoni. chakuti kuphunzira caver, ndi othandiza osati za sayansi, komanso mankhwala. Anthu mamiliyoni ambiri padziko lonse pambuyo pa matenda kupuma, kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha m'thupi, abwinopo awo. Natural phanga - ndi mmodzi wa pogwiritsa yabwino nyengo.

Kodi iye amachita oceanographer

Caver - munthu amene adaphunzira dziko mobisa, koma ndi ndani oceanographer? Kale ku dzina zikuonekeratu kuti kuchuluka kwa zinthu zake zokhudzana ndi nyanja. akatswiriwa kuyan'ana mkhalidwe alumali ndi pansi, nthumwi kuphunzira nyama ndi zomera m'madzi, penyani njira kunachitika m'madzi akuya. Zida akamagwira oceanographers, ankagwiritsa ntchito zomangamanga hayidiroliki, nsomba, zamoyo. Theorists kulosera zam'tsogolo, koma makhalidwe ndi mfundo zenizeni zimene zingathe kukhala njira kupulumutsa oimira pangozi ya zinyama m'madzi.

Kodi chimagwirizanitsa oceanographer ndi caver?

Oceanographer, caver - ndani uyu, ndipo iwo akuchita chiyani? anthu osadziwa zingaoneke kuti kwathuthu analikodi ntchito, ngati chizolowezi, kupereka chidwi chibwana kapena zopelekedwa filimu pansi madzi kapena m'mapanga. Ndipotu ntchito speleologists, ndi oceanographers, ntchito m'nthambi ambiri a sayansi. Chifukwa cha akatswiri lotseguka mfundo yatsopano akale, ngati tsopano bwino, anapanga Zoneneratu wodalirika m'tsogolo. Oceanographer ndi caver - ndi ekstremaly limakonda Zopatsa zoopsa ndi ngozi.