Bwino kumatira mphete konkire: njira ndi zipangizo. Kukonza bwino kumatira

Ntchito yomanga bwino nthawi zonse limodzi ndi chitetezo ndi kulimbitsa mpanda ndi zipangizo madzi. Ngati maziko a zomangamanga ndi kumakula mphete, ndiye iwo lizidzachita kudalilika, durability ndi ukhondo, chifukwa nkhaniyo silikuchirikiza zikamera mabakiteriya. Kachitidwe adzateteza danga mkati kuchokera akulowa pansi ndi madzi pamwamba, koma ngati mokwanira kutetezedwa. Choncho, pa gawo yomanga ayenera idzachitika kumatira konkire mphete bwino.

Kuyesetsa

Konkire si anawonongedwa ndi kukhudzana ndi madzi. Monga makhalidwe chachikulu cha nkhaniyi amachita kuti chimaonekera kwambiri kuti madzi ngati sizinachitike phula. Chifukwa cha mamangidwe katundu idzaululidwa kuti chinyezi pokhudzana ndi simenti yonyowa pano monga zitsulo ndi matabwa. Dzimbiri chidzakula pa vavu, kupotoza ndi kupangitsa cholimba. Izi zimapangitsa chiwonongeko cha dongosolo lonse.

Kukhazikitsa bwino kumatira mphete konkire zofunika popewa ndi luso chuma cha kuyamwa chinyontho. Ferro-simenti mphete poyera kuti chitetezo choterocho ngakhale pa siteji yopanga. Kawirikawiri, wosamalira ntchito njira izi kumatira:

• zaphindu;
• luso;
• gidrostoykogo ntchito simenti.

Yoyamba njira limapangidwa pochiza mankhwala madzi sangalowe pambuyo zinthu kupanga. Pa siteji ya kumatira ndondomeko kupanga ntchito, apa pazikhalanso compaction luso, limene mpaka pano m'njira ya. chuma pansi centrifugation, vibrocompression ndi zingalowe kuchotsa chinyezi owonjezera.

chitetezo chinyezi chingapezeke powonjezera ndi osiyana mu konkire madzi kufumbwa. zosakaniza izi ziziyamba ntchito pambuyo konkire kutsanulira, pathupi ndi kuononga pores ndi microcracks. Izi zipangitsa kuti mphamvu konkire kupewa chinyezi. zonsezi zimathandiza kuti adzauka pa mtengo mphete konkire, koma ngati musankha kupulumutsa pa mphete, n'kofunika kuti asindikize matabwa ndi zigwirizane ndi zinthu structural. Izi kuonetsetsa yaitali chitetezo ku zowola, dzimbiri, nkhungu ndi cinoni.

zipangizo kumatira

Kumatira konkire mphete bwino zingaphatikizepo ntchito zipangizo umodzi kapena kuposerapo. Kodi m'kagulu malinga ndi zolinga mkati ndi kunja. Njira otsiriza ntchito Nyumbayi dongo, koma njira imeneyi sitinganene kuti lapadera. Internal kutchinjiriza - ndi processing mitundu zotsatirazi zipangizo:

• jekeseni;
• ozama;
• lubricative.

Pamaso bwino idzachitike kumatira mphete konkire, ndikofunika kudziwa mmene chitetezo, potsata mlingo wa mineralization a pansi. Ena mwa sayansi mapulogalamu payekha sangathe kusankha, monga iwo idzagwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zina zapadera.

njira hydroprotection: jekeseni kumatira

Makulidwe mphete konkire - si chinthu chokha chimene n'kofunika kusankha ntchito olondola a dongosolo. M'pofunika kuonetsetsa ngakhale chitetezo hayidiroliki. Jekeseni zipangizo - ndi choncho, pamene kufunafuna thandizo la dokotala. Kumatira wa mtundu uwu ndi mtengo - koma alibe kuchita mobwerezabwereza, chifukwa nkhaniyo ili wokonzeka kutumikira monga momwe dongosolo lonse lidzakhala anakhalabe.

Nyimbo Polymeric ndi jekeseni zinthu ming'alu ndi kuononga pores. Monga ubwino wa njira ndi chitetezo chinyezi:

• kuthekera ntchito kwa kutchinjiriza wa nyumba yatsopano;
• kumatira luso kukonza bwino;
• palibe kufunika kukonzekera pamwamba;
• kuthetsa kuthekera kuchucha ndi kuthamanga jetting.

Komabe, chotero kumatira wa bwino kwa pansi ali ndi kuipa, pakati pawo, ikhale kukwera mtengo ndi kufunika kuthamanga zida ikukoka.

Kugwiritsa ozama zakuthupi

Njira imeneyi ndi chitsanzo cha mfundo wapadera, pamene mphamvu ya madzi Pofuna kuteteza kuukira. Water-kufumbwa particles ali analimbikitsa mchikakamizo cha madzi ndi kuononga pores. Ndi kuwonjezeka chitetezo chinyezi chinyezi amakhala odalirika kwambiri, chifukwa kumatira ikamauma mofulumira kwambiri. Kugwira ntchito izi mitundu zotsatirazi zipangizo angagwiritsidwe ntchito:

• "REMSTROY-T."
• "Infiltron 100."
• "Penetron".
• "Penekrit".

Olimba zotanuka zipangizo obmazochnye

Gwiritsani ntchito njira imeneyi kungakhale kwa kumatira zitsime, maiwe ndi maziko. Ntchito ikuchitika pa maziko okonzeka, ndipo pambuyo chuma otsalira kufikira youma. Kenako kumatira wapeza:

• elasticity;
• mkulu kwamakokedwe mphamvu;
• kukaniza kutentha otsika.

Chisankho wotchuka kwambiri mu msika zoweta ndi Spanish mankhwala "Tekmadray Elast" imene ili ziwiri zikuluzikulu ❖ kuyanika. mankhwala DuPont ali bwino oikidwa monga Mapei Italy. Ngati mukufuna kupulumutsa, muyenera kugula Russian kumatira "Rastro", ndalama zake mtengo kuposa analogues yachilendo. Kumatira seams bwino ungadzakhazikitsidwe pogwiritsa ntchito sealant mu mawonekedwe a matepi, mwachitsanzo Mphira Elast.

Chabwino kunja luso kumatira

Pomanga bwino nthawi zonse umachitikira ku kumatira kunja. Ngati tikulankhula za kufunika kuteteza kapangidwe wakale, kuchita mwachilungamo wambirimbiri earthwork. Pakuti ichi zipangizo amagwiritsidwa ntchito ukonde, monga denga anamvera. Komabe, mungagwiritse ntchito ndi malowedwe chitetezo.

pamwamba muyenera kukhala okonzeka. Khoma lakunja la dongosolo la maximally anatsegula. Padziko bwino ayenera kukumba pansi pa akuya 4 m. M'munsi ndi kutsukidwa kwa Mankhwala oipitsa. Ngati muli ndi ntchito za kapangidwe akale, inu mukhoza kuwona kuli nthambi, amene anali anabala pa ntchito. Iwo ayenera kukhala oyera ndi kuchitira ndi anticorrosive.

Ngati ikuchitika bwino kumatira kukonza, mpanda ayenera yokutidwa ndi nthaka, n'zotheka ntchito "Betonkontakt" kapena pawiri phula labala, amene ntchito ngati matope simenti-mchenga, amene anawonjezera PVA ulimbo. The zikuchokera yatsala kuti ziume, ndipo pambuyo amanena kuti phula kapena gudronovaya utomoni wonunkhira. Padziko Pamilunguyo denga zinthu zake, matabwa pakati pa mapepala ayenera kufwanyulira phala. Posankha kutchinjiriza ozama ayenera kusiya siteji ya priming makoma. Iwo moisten ndi odula ndi "Penetron", kusiya kwa masiku atatu kuti ziume. Pamwamba ayenera moisturize nthawi.

kumatira mkati

Kumatira mkati mwa bwino ayenera kuyamba pambuyo mpope pansi madzi. Nkofunika kuonetsetsa kuti mlingo chiyani sadzauka mpaka ntchitoyi osati kutha. The kali mkati amayeretsedwa ndi burashi waya, m'pofunika kuchotsa litsiro, Moss ndi kumasura konkire. Ming'alu ndi mfundo ayenera kutsukidwa ndi kulimbitsa, pokhapokha mukhoza kuyamba miyeso kumatira.

Ngati anatsegula pa kutayikira, angathe chigamba mpaka Aquafix awo kapena analogues wa thunthu. Mpita kwambiri kukonza matope Megacret-40. Kamodzi zigawo auma, chitsime khoma ayenera moisten ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo kumatira ntchito burashi lonse. Njira imene kumaphatikizapo kutsatira snip, kumatira wa simenti mphete bwino malinga ndi malamulo ntchito wosanjikiza woyamba padziko wasambitsa. Wosanjikiza wachiwiri ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanda humidification. Tsiku adzapita cha kuwuma kwa zinthu, pa nthawi imeneyi n'kofunika kuonetsetsa kuti madzi sasefukira.

Kuti mudziwe zambiri pa kumatira zipangizo bituminous

bwino kumatira mphete konkire utomoni wonunkhira phula zachitika nthawi zambiri. Njira imeneyi ndi yabwino yoti chitetezo panja. pamwamba zakonzedwa, kuchapidwa ndi TACHIMATA ndi phunziroli chimene chingathe kubweretsa mbiri yabwino ya adhesiveness. Kwa zimbudzi ndi nyumba zamakono, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mbali ya mbali zitatu za mafuta ndi phula. Pofuna kukwaniritsa mkulu khalidwe wosindikiza matabwa ayenera popititsa zomatira-bentonite mphira tepi. M'malo mwake nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito CeresitCL 152 tepi.

Pambuyo kuyanika, mungathe kuyamba kukonzanso mphete ophatikizidwa tchipisi ming'alu ndi maenje. Pakuti simenti uyu ntchito. Pamwamba ndiye kamodzinso primed daubed phula utomoni wonunkhira phula akhoza osokoneza chifukwa, pamene inu mukhoza kuyamba gluing mpukutu kumatira wosanjikiza 3. Onse matabwa ndi mfundo tikulimbikitsidwa kuchitira ndi utomoni wonunkhira wokutidwa ndi dothi. Konkire padziko bwino pambuyo subsidence wa nthaka ndi bwino kuti malo akhungu.

Pomaliza

Asanayambe ntchito pa chipangizo cha kuchimbudzi muyenera mutidziwe bwino zimene miyeso mphete konkire. Mwachitsanzo, awiri chimadalira pa ndondomeko ya mitundu ndi zingasiyane masentimita 70 200 Pankhani kumwamba, pafupifupi, ndi wofanana ndi masentimita 50, koma magawo a mphete - .. Kodi chinthu chokha chimene tiyenera kuziganizira pamaso khazikitsa bwino. Nkofunika chete ndi SNIP 3.05.04-85, zomwe sizinatchulidwe kumatira malangizo.