Amyloidosis - ndichiyani? Amyloidosis: zimayambitsa, zizindikiro, chithandizo, matenda

Amyloidosis - ndichiyani? Ndi matenda a kagayidwe mapuloteni imene mapangidwe ndi mafunsidwe mu zimakhala zosiyanasiyana ndipo ziwalo yeniyeni mapuloteni-polysaccharide mankhwala - amyloid.

Chitukuko cha matenda

Mukhale amyloidosis (icho chiri - taonera) kuphwanya kaphatikizidwe mapuloteni mu dongosolo reticuloendothelial. The madzi kudzikundikira mapulotini nthenda. mapulotini awa ali kwenikweni kudzikonda antigens ndi kuyambitsa ziwengo ofanana mapangidwe autoantibodies.

Ndiye, chitetezo izi antigens ndi anatani mapuloteni grubodispersionnye precipitate. Popeza mapangidwe amyloid. Nkhanizi unayikidwa pa makoma chotengera ndi ziwalo zosiyana. Pang'onopang'ono wambirimbiri, amyloid kumabweretsa imfa ya thupi.

Mitundu ya amyloidosis. zifukwa

Pali mitundu ingapo ya amyloidosis. The zimayambitsa matenda ndi mwachindunji amadalira zotani amyloidosis. Ndi chiyani icho? Gulu ikuchitika malinga ndi mapuloteni zofunika, zomwe zigwirizana fibrils amyloid. M'munsimu muli maganizo a anthu ndi matenda.

1. Pulayimale amyloidosis (AL-amyloidosis). Pamene chitukuko mu plasma kuoneka nthenda unyolo immunoglobulin kuwala, okhoza kuthetsa mu zimakhala zosiyanasiyana za thupi. Chimodzimodzinso anasintha pa maselo plasma wa myeloma angapo, macroglobulinemia Waldenström a, monoclonal hypergammaglobulinemia.
2. amyloidosis Secondary (AA-amyloidosis). Pankhaniyi pali kwambiri amasulidwe chiwindi mapuloteni alpha-globulin. Izi pachimake gawo mapuloteni amene apanga mu kutupa aakulu. Zimenezi n'zotheka matenda osiyanasiyana monga nyamakazi, malungo, bronchiectasis, osteomyelitis, khate, TB.
3. amyloidosis banja (AF-amyloidosis). Ndi matenda otengera ndi autosomal cholowa recessive. Limatchedwanso Mediterranean malungo likukulira kapena paroxysmal poliserozita banja. Kulankhula kuukira matenda a malungo, pakutchulidwa ululu m'mimba, tizilonda ta pakhungu, nyamakazi, ndi pleurisy.
4. The dialysis amyloidosis (AH-amyloidosis). Kumakhudzana ndi chakuti mapuloteni beta-2 microglobulin MHC anthu athanzi ndi kuwataya ndi impsozo, ndipo osasankhidwa mu hemodialysis, ndipo ndi kudzikundikira ake mu thupi.
5. AE-amyloidosis. Ndi kusiyana mitundu ina ya khansa, monga chithokomiro.
6. Senile amyloidosis.

zizindikiro

Pamene matenda a "Amyloidosis" Zizindikiro zimadalira kutanthauzira kwa madipoziti. Ndi kugonjetsedwa kwa mundawo m'mimba zingaoneke zikuluzikulu lilime, mkhutu kumeza ntchito, kudzimbidwa kapena m'mimba. Pakhoza kukhala chotupa-amyloid madipoziti mu intestine kapena m'mimba.

amyloidosis za m'mimba limodzi ndi kumverera kwa kulemera ndi kusapeza kungakhale ululu wofatsa m'mimba. Ngati chidwi ndi kapamba, ndi kudzapereka zizindikiro mofanana mu kapamba. Ngati choipa chiwindi anati ake kuwonjezeka, nseru, belching, kusanza, kukomoka, matenda a chikasu ndiyo.

Amyloidosis kupuma limapezeka motere:

• kusasa mawu;
• zizindikiro za matenda;
• m'mapapo mwanga chotupa amyloidosis.

Zizindikiro izi zingachitike mu amyloidosis ya ubongo:

• kumva kulasalasa kapena moto kumverera mu miyendo dzanzi (polyneuropathy zotumphukira);
• mutu, chizungulire;
• matenda sphincter (mkodzo incontinence, fecal).

Amyloidosis - chimene icho chiri, zimayambitsa ndi zizindikiro ife akufotokozedwa. Tsopano tidzamva mmene matenda amawapeza ndi njira ya mankhwala kulibe.

diagnostics

Mu matenda monga amyloidosis, matenda ndi zovuta. Zoikidwa ndi zasayansi ndi hardware kafukufuku.

Mu maphunziro choyezera, mubwereze ambiri a magazi anati kuwonjezeka ESR, leukocytes ndi utachepa kupatsidwa zinthu za m'mwazi kuwerengedwa. The kusanthula ambiri a mkodzo mapuloteni alipo mu matope - zonenepa, leukocytes ndi erythrocytes. Mu coprogram azipereka ndalama zambiri wowuma, mafuta ndi minofu ulusi. Mu sayansi magazi zotupa a chiwindi chowululidwa kochulukira mafuta m'thupi, bilirubin, zamchere phosphatase.

Mu amyloidosis yaikulu mu mkodzo ndi madzi a m'magazi anasonyeza zili mkulu wa amyloid. Pamene sekondale pa mayesero zasayansi zizindikiro za kutupa aakulu.

Komanso kuchititsa njira zina matenda:

• X-ray Kupenda;
• echocardiography (mu nkhani ya matenda amaganiziridwa mtima);
• kafukufuku zinchito ndi utoto;
• matupi biopsy.

chithandizo

Pamene matenda ikuchitika chithandizo kuchokera odwala. Amyloidosis, imene pali matenda oopsa, monga kulephera aakulu aimpso kwambiri kapena kulephera mtima ankachitira mu chipatala.

Mu amyloidosis chachikulu poyamba yoikidwiratu mankhwala monga "Chloroquine" "Melphalan" "prednisolone", "Colchicine".

Mu amyloidosis sekondale kuchiza matenda vutoli, mwachitsanzo, osteomyelitis, TB pleural empyema neri Al., Zizindikiro zonse za amyloidosis zambiri Mwamsanga pambuyo mankhwala.

Ngati matenda akufotokozera chifukwa cha impso hemodialysis, ndiye ngati wodwala kunditumiza ku dialysis peritoneal.

Pankhani ya m'mimba binders ntchito mankhwala, monga "bismuth subnitrate," kapena adsorbing wothandizira.

Ena symptomatic mankhwala:

• Kukonzekera kuchepetsa kuthamanga;
• mavitamini, okodzetsa;
• plasma magazi, etc.

Komanso, angathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwala opaleshoni. amyloidosis a ndulu mwina abwerere pambuyo kuchotsa limba. Nthawi zambiri, zimenezi zimadzetsa kusintha chikhalidwe cha odwala ndi kuchepetsa mapangidwe amyloid.

chakudya

Amyloidosis amafuna zakudya zonse. Ndi chitukuko cha matenda aakulu impso ayenera kuchepetsa mchere wambiri, ndi zakudya zomanga thupi monga nyama, nsomba, mazira. Ngati osauka aakulu mtima kulephera, Tisawasale zakudya za mchere, kusuta ndi zakudya kuzifutsa.

mtima amyloidosis

matenda umenewu umatchedwanso amyloid cardiomyopathy. Ndi kukula kwake kwa amyloid mafunsidwe angayambe myocarditis, pericarditis, endocarditis, kapena pa mpanda wa msempha ndi mitsempha inatsekeratu. Chifukwa matenda mtima kungakhale yaikulu amyloidosis, sekondale kapena banja. Nthawi zambiri amyloidosis mtima - izo si nthenda akutali, ndipo osauka limodzi ndi amyloidosis ya phapo, impso, intestine kapena ndulu.

Zizindikiro za amyloidosis mtima

Kawirikawiri zizindikiro za matenda amenewa amafanana ndi cardiomyopathy hypertrophic kapena matenda a mitima. Pa siteji koyamba, zizindikiro ndi yosokoneza. Angakhale nayo irritability ndi kutopa, ena kuwonda, kutupa zimakhala ndi chizungulire.

The kuwonongeka lakuthwa zambiri zikadzatha maganizo kapena matenda kupuma. Pambuyo zambiri kuoneka mtima ululu mtundu angina pectoris, arrhythmia, kutchulidwa edema, dyspnea, chiwindi kukulitsa. magazi nthawi adatchithisira.

matenda amakula mwamsanga, ndipo zimenezi kanukanu ndi kukana (kukana) mankhwala. Zikavuta, odwala akhoza kuona ascites (kudzikundikira madzimadzi mu zonse m'mimba) kapena pericardial effusion. Chifukwa infiltrates amyloid kukhala nkusani bradycardia. Zimenezi zingachititse kuti imfa yadzidzidzi.

kaonedwe

Pa mtima amyloidosis madokotala ananena zawo osauka. Congestive mtima kulephera matenda m'kati likunena ndi imfa layandikira. Mu Russia palibe malo apadera polimbana ndi vutoli.