Ali Transylvania - malo Chiwerengero Dracula? Kodi Dracula a Castle mu Transylvania?

Chifukwa cha mpatuko buku ndi "Dracula" chidwi Bram Stoker mu MIZUKWA unasesa dziko ngati mvula yamphamvu. Mutu wa vampirism anagwidwa pafupifupi onse m'madera luso: mafilimu a kanema, kanema, zisudzo, kupenta. Anthu akhaafuna zonse zamatsenga ndi zobisika, ndiponso ngati ali prototypes weniweni, ndiye ndi doubly chidwi. Mwina zimenezi kufotokoza wosatha moto chidwi kwa malo a moyo Dracula a. mafani zambiri za mzukwa mutu akufunsa, "Kodi Transylvania?" Ndipo kupita kukafunafuna chinachake choipa ndi zauzimu.

A pang'ono dera mbiri mtima

Malinga ndi buku Stoker ndi malo a Chiwerengero Dracula ndi Transylvania, pamene Nyumbayi wake wotchuka. Panopa dera kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Romania ali ena, maudindo zochepa wotchuka - Erdei kapena Transylvania. Kwa zaka zambiri, dera limeneli maulendo ambiri wadutsa kuchokera ku mayiko ena. Mu Middle Ages dera anali ndi maudindo yoyenda yokha mu Ufumu wa Hungary. Mu 1526, pambuyo Nkhondo ya Mohacs Transylvania anadulidwa ku Hungary, ndipo nthawi zina anali ukulu palokha, koma 1566 anayamba kutsatira yakumeneko Turkey. Mpaka 1613 analamulira Transylvania akalonga a banja Bathory, ndipo pambuyo - mtundu wa Rakoczy. Mu masiku amenewo, ukulu chinali chimake cha Chiprotestanti ku Eastern Europe. Mu 1687 ku Turkey yakumeneko atagonjetsedwa mu kulimbana ndi la Habsburg mafumu chifukwa Transylvania amasiya zonena zonse m'deralo. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma XVIII dera anataya ufulu ndi anakhalanso mbali ya ufumu Chihangare. Komabe, pambuyo First World nkhondo, Transylvania kunditumiza ku Romania wonse. M'zaka makumi awiri, gawo North-East wa Transylvania unasamutsidwa Romania, Hungary ndi mtsogolo kangapo, ndipo okha 70s wa potsiriza anakhalabe mbali ya Romania. Pakatikati pa mbiri ya malo kumene Transylvania ndi Transylvanian Plateau (kutalika kwake - mamita 500), zomwe zinagwira mitsinje yambiri ndi makhwawa a Danube.

Wallachia

Osati kokha kuti muyankhe funso ili: "Kodi ndi Transylvania - malo Chiwerengero Dracula" Iye anabadwa mu Transylvania anachita, koma iye anali wolamulira wa Wallachia. ukulu uwu analipo m'chigawo cha dzina chomwecho ndi pakati pa XIV kwa zaka za m'ma XIX, pamene adalunzanitsidwa ndi ukulu Chimoludaviyani. Walaha mbiri yakale yomwe ili kum'mwera kwa masiku ano Romania, pakati pa Danube ndi Carpathians, ndi mtsinje Olt anagawa pawiri - Great ndi Little Wallachia. Ngati loyandikana Transylvania ukulu, kuyambira m'zaka za m'ma XV, anali ang'onoang'ono amadalira Ottoman. Mu mbiri Wallachia a anagwetsa nambala yaikulu abwanamkubwa, amene anali ndi khalidwe kwambiri za nthawi, anapatsidwa kuti kulimbana sanali kokha mpando wachifumuwo, komanso zimakhudza motani ukulu ndi oyandikana nawo malo pakati pa Turkey ndi ufumu Chihangare.

Vlad III Tsepesh

Ndi chithunzi nkhaniyi monga kukopedwa pa nthawi ina Bram Stoker nakhala zinachitika ya ngwazi za buku lake. Ndipo mwina Sichangozi chinachitika, chifukwa chithunzi Tepes kwambiri maganizo ndi waphimbika mu aura chinsinsi ndi mitundu yonse ya nkhani mantha. Kuti nthano ndi woona, ndi amene - bodza, komabe sangathe kumvetsa asayansi ngakhale masiku ano. Ambiri mwa mfundo za mbiri chake ndendende amadziwika ambiri - ndi maganizo, koma anthu ambiri - osati kutsimikiziridwa. Unknown, ngakhale yeniyeni anabadwa. Akatswiri a mbiri yakale amati iye anabadwa pafupifupi mu 1431. adzabadwira wake anali Transylvania, pamene mzinda wa Sighisoara. Lero, m'tawuni imeneyi ndi mndandanda UNESCO World Heritage, ndipo ngakhale nyumba imene anakhala m'banja la Dracula. Kodi kupeza ndi kumene: Transylvania (Romania), Sighisoara, Tin Street, Kumanga 5.

mwana wa mdierekezi

dzina lake, "ndi Impaler" Vlad analandira pambuyo pa imfa. Ndipo linali Baibulo ku nicknames Turkey, kuti Turkey otchedwa kalonga "kolschikom" kwa unsembe enieni cholimbana ndi adani. Koma Dracula, iye anali bambo ake. Vlad II anali Knight a dongosolo la mdierekezi (otchedwa Order ya Saint George). Iye zinapangidwa ndalama m'dzina lake ndi zithunzi pa iwo chinjoka inayamba kudutsa Wallachia, amene analandira dzina la Dracul - kutanthauza "chinjoka". Dzina anatengera mwana wake, koma wopanda ena kusintha, choncho anakhala Vlad III Dracula.

wolamulira wa Wallachia

Limenelo linali dzina la olamulira mu dera. Dracula anayamba kulamulira katatu: kanthawi mu 1448, ndi 1456 kuti 1462, ndipo atatsala pang'ono kumwalira mu 1476 ku banja Transylvania Dracula anasamukira ku tawuni ya Targovishte, likulu Wallachian, chifukwa cha bambo Vlad anali mkulu .. mzinda ndi chinyumba kumene Vlad Tepes moyo. Mu 1444 bambo wake, pamodzi ndi ana ake, Vlad ndi m'bale wake anakakamizika kupita ku Turkey ndi kupempha thandizo kwa mfumu ina, chifukwa János Hunyadi, wolamulira wa Ufumu wa Hungary pa nthawi imeneyo, anaganiza napasula Vlad II ndi kupanga mkulu wa Wallachia protege wake. Chinsinsi kuthandiza Sultan anakhala Vlad ndi Radu, m'bale wake. Kwa nthawi yaitali, iwo anali kwenikweni ndi wamndende wa yakumeneko Turkey. Akukhulupirira kuti zaka mwamphamvu kwambiri kufooketsedwa ndi Dracula, anasintha khalidwe lake, anamuika nkhanza. Mwina izi anathandiza chakuti bambo ake anaperekedwa ndi kuphedwa, ndi mchimwene wake anali m'manda wamoyo. Komabe, kupatula chakuti Vlad anapanga lalifupi ntchito mwa adani ake ndiponso opanduka, iye ankachita nawo kwambiri ntchito chikondi, anamanga mipingo, anali Orthodox woyang'anira ndi achilendo koma kwambiri a nkhondo upandu m'misewu ya Wallachia.

Chinangwa kapena Poenar?

Choncho zinachitikadi kuti chinyumba cha Chiwerengero Dracula amati chinangwa Castle. Komabe, izi ndi zolakwika, ndipo anaonekera chifukwa chakuti Nyumbayi anaonekera mu filimu anatengera a buku ndi Bram Stoker. Chabwino, zikuwoneka, ndithudi, ndi chidwi mantha ndi kufikako. Sizikudziwika kangati Vlad waponya m'dera lino, kumene Transylvania. Dracula malinga ndi zimene mabuku ena amanena ankakonda kusaka malo ena - anakhala pa maulendo ake. Palinso lomwe ndi mu chinyumba iye anali kuzunzidwa ndi Turkey. Chirichonse chimene chinali kwenikweni tsopano chinangwa ndi kukopa kwambiri anafika mu maulendo Dracula. Romania dera la Transylvania, pamene pali "Castle Dracula a", chaka amakopeka zikwi la alendo padziko lonse. Ndipo mpikisano ndi okha Nyumbayi ili linga Poenari, amene ankaona Nyumbayi weniweni wa Dracula, iye anali nyumba yake pano. Mwatsoka, izo anawonongedwa, mabwinja okha anapulumuka. malo ake anali pamalo abwino kwambiri, kumalire a Wallachia ndi Transylvania, mu mapiri pamwamba pa mtsinje Arges.

Nthawi zonse wokwanira ulendo

Anthu ambiri akufuna kukaona chodabwitsa, mwachinsinsi, waphimbika mu kuwala kwa kale chinsinsi malo Transylvania - malo Chiwerengero Dracula. Transylvania amakopa alendo kwa zokongola ake lowoneka ndi chikhalidwe akale. Pafupifupi mu mphambano iliyonse ya m'dera limeneli lili zinsinsi ndi nthano, zosangalatsa ndiponso zabwino ndiponso zodabwitsa. Kuwonjezera mitundu yonse ya maulendo kuti malo osiyanasiyana mbiri, kumene mukhoza kukhala omasuka maganizo anu komanso chikhalidwe ozungulira kwenikweni amapuma mgwirizano ndi mtendere.