Ali Mtsinje Mezen: gwero, makhwawa, nyama ndi zomera

Mezen Mtsinje wa beseni wa White Sea. kutalika kwa mtsinje, amene amalowa Mezenskaya Mlomo, ufikira makilomita 966. Izi zimapangitsa kuti a waterway yaitali pakati pa madzi onse kukasonkhana ku White Sea. Pa North European la Russia iye ndi Pechora ndi kumpoto Dvina wa mitsinje yaikulu. mabodza ake apadera chakuti mu chapamwamba kwambiri kwa chigawo chapakati cha Mezen umayenda kum'mwera, ndi kokha m'dera Arkhangelsk akutembenukira ndipo iri yofulumira ku White Sea.

Mu m'madera akutali ndi nthawi nsomba ndi kusaka wabwino

Pa kukula chidwi cha anati dera beseni, amene ali ofanana ndi makilomita lalikulu 78.000. Mezen umayenda mwa dera la dera Arkhangelsk ndi Komi Republic, mu dera kumene kulibe populata m'mbali mwa amene Timan Ridge, pamalo okwera mamita 370 pamwamba pa nyanja, pakati pa m'madambo ndi ovuta Chetlassky mwala, ndiye gwero la mtsinje Mezen. Popeza msinkhu wonse wa kugwa (370 m) ndi kutalika akhoza kunena kuti otsetsereka a ku mtsinje ndi 0,383%. Dzina la waterway izi si kwambiri mungachite chiyambi - chinenero Finno-Ugric izo likumasuliridwa malo nsomba ndi kusaka bwino.

mwakhama kufika malo

Monga taonera, gawo imene mtsinje Mezen anali anasiya mu nthawi yakale. Sikuti ndi anthu ngakhale lero - midzi anaonekera kuno mu theka lachiwiri la m'zaka XIV. Choyamba, mfundo pa malonda "chrezkamennom" (kuchokera Pechora beseni "kudzera mwala", ndiyo mapiri a Ural) njira Siberia, mudzi amatchulidwa Lampozhnya. Ndipo ichi ndi chifukwa osati nyengo nkhanza kumpoto, koma chakuti dera la mtsinje beseni monga wokhala ndi mpanda wolimba ku dziko lonse kuchokera kumadzulo wamphamvu kumpoto Dvina, ndi kuchokera kum'mwera tributary wake waukulu - Vychegda. 8 dazeni midzi yaing'ono yomwe ili ku gwero pakamwa pa mizinda kwambiri kapena zochepa lalikulu ndi Usogorsk ndi Mezen, komanso mudzi Leshukonskoe.

Posts njira

Njira kulankhulana ndi dera lino, komanso pakati pa midzi yake yozungulira, kusiya kwambiri wolakalakika. Kumzinda ku khwalala Usogorsk Kotlas - Vorkuta njanji akutambasula. Mezen mtsinje palokha ndi yodutsira pafupifupi lonse yake, ndi malo m'mudzi m'mudzi Koslan White Mphuno m'gulu mndandanda wa yodutsira waterway a dziko. Pa mtsinje ndi makhwawa wake pali mwamphamvu koma si chaka chonse boti kuwoloka. Adzaleka zikhalepo kwa ndithu yaitali nyengo yopuma, zambiri kuchokera October mpaka January, mpaka nthawi imene ayezi pa kuwoloka mtsinje amene anaika.

Ndege ndi utumiki galimoto

Mu mzinda wa Mezen, yomwe ili pa confluence a mtsinje chomwecho mu Mezen Bay wa White Nyanja, ndege zimauluka ndege m'deralo. ndege Vaskovo kumene ndege kuulukira Mezen, pafupi Arkhangelsk. Yekha msewu mtsempha wamagazi yolumikiza chilengedwe kumpoto dera ndi dziko lonse ndi msewu Arkhangelsk - Mezen mzinda, napyola midzi ya Belgorod, Pinega, Sovpole. Phula zofunda pali waung'ono koyamba gawo la motorway Arkhangelsk - Belgorodsky. Pitirizani mpaka kokafikira ndi njira inali ikadali yopanda tala, nthawi zina zoipa kwambiri khalidwe.

Inflows

Region, kumene Mtsinje Mezen, wolemera mu zinthu za m'madzi - 15187 makhwawa nawonso waterway. The makhwawa waukulu monga mtsinje 103, 53 amene atsala ndipo motero, 50 - bwino. Chifukwa cha nkhawa lalikulu Mezenskaya Tansy ndi Sula, Kyma Mtsinje ndi Poza, Vashka ndi Pyssa, Ife Big Loptyuga ndi Irv. Motalika kwambiri mwa iwo - Vashka, kuyambira pa 605 Km, yaifupi, Tro - pa 102. Awa ndi waukulu makhwawa a mtsinje Mezen. Mmodzi wa iwo ndi osangalatsa bifurcation ake, kapena kugawanika njira. Mezenskaya Tansy (236 km), chifukwa zodabwitsazi, akugwa, mu Pechora, ndi Mezen, ndipo zikugwirizana yotsirizira ndi madzi beseni wa Pechora.

okulira zachilengedwe

Nthaka Mezen beseni makamaka podzolic ndi bog (waterlogging dera lonse ndi 17%). Sands zikupezekera kuti gulu yotakata anatambasula ku otsetsereka a okulira kuti Timan Mezen ndi Vashka inflows ake. Koma Timan kukumana dothi humus-carbonate. Zokopa a m'dera lino mitundu chodabwitsa outcrops thanthwe. Timan Ridge, pamalo amene mtsinje Mezen zimachokera, ndi masoka achilengedwe okulira chabe Dvina-Pechora beseni. Iwo umachokera makilomita 900, chimbuzi ndi pa mamita 471. Mmodzi wa chimathandiza wake midadada njira ya Mezen m'njira zake pakati, nchifukwa chake mtsinje akupanga 500 mtunda kupatutsidwa kwa msewu. Kuyambira gwero umene uli okwera yachonde ngati Chetlassky Stone TACHIMATA Oil ndi spruce ndipo anakweza pamwamba pa nyanja pa 463 m, mtsinjewo kudya kuphiri mathithi mtsinje ndi kugawanika kotereku kumachitika. Ndipo mmene anali kuyembekezera mphiri mitsinje, magombe Mezen pano ali mkulu ndi miyala, ndipo m'lifupi zimasiyanasiyana mamita 8 mpaka 15. Chifukwa chimathandiza wa Timan Ridge mtsinje mphepo nthawi zonse, chingasinthe malangizo.

East Bay

Mu malire apansi m'lifupi zina kumafika 1 Km, mmene otsika gombe zambiri madzi okhaokha. Ine tatchulazi, zomwe imaphwera mumtsinje Mezen - mu Mezen Bay, lomwe ndi limodzi mwa anayi kumalo waukulu wa White Nyanja, monga Kandalaksha Bay, Dvina ndi Onega Bay. Mezen Bay atagona kum'mwera kwa chilumba Canin, m'litali 105 m, m'lifupi - 97, kuya ranges ku mamita 5 mpaka 25. Kuwonjezera mtsempha wamagazi madzi, kenako mlomo ndi dzina lake, izo imaphwera mumtsinje Kula. Izi ndi kum'maŵa ya madzi White Nyanja Bay ndi opaque kwambiri chifukwa mtsinje Mezen wokongola matope, koma chifukwa cha anthu onyozeka kugombe la chinthu anthropogenic pafupifupi sanali sakupezeka, ndi Mezen anazindikira ngati aukhondo mu Europe mwa mitsinje lalikulu loyenda mwachindunji m'nyanja.

Kotero yaitali ndi zosiyana

Onse pamene kuzungulira Mezen umayenda mwa subzones zitatu zachilengedwe - pa lonse kusintha njira pakati nayonso, nkhalango Titafika pamalo ndi nayonso kumpoto. Amenewa Mtsinje beseni - 80% ya m'gawo lake aphimbidwa ndi malo wobiriwira, ambiri a m'nkhalango coniferous. Kuchuluka ndipo zosiyanasiyana nyama ndi zomera chifukwa cha kutalika kwa mtsinje - kum'mwera kukula zokongola boled nkhalango coniferous kumpoto - madera zikusowa wa ndere ndi lichens, pamene Mezen beseni chigwa amalima okwana mitundu 1300 zomera (popanda lichens).

zinyama zambiri

Inakhala m'dera lino lokhala ndi mitundu pa 400 invertebrates, pali zambiri. The Red Book kutchulidwa subspecies cha mphalapala zakutchire. Fox chimaonetsedwa pakati pa chizindikiro Mezensky m'deralo. Fox, wolverine, nkhandwe, kalulu, muskrat, gologolo - ndi oimira ochuluka kuposa zinyama Mezen beseni. A nambala yaikulu mbalame m'derali amalola kupha nyama wakuda grouse, capercaillie, grouse, abakha ndi atsekwe. Kukuteteza ndi mitundu zotsatirazi mbalame - eider tsekwe, Sokol (kabawi ndi peregrine kabawi), barnacle tsekwe ndi osprey, golide chiombankhanga woyera-tailed mphungu.

anthu ambiri a ku mtsinje

nyama za m'madzi Mezen mtsinje anapereka yaikulu zosiyanasiyana. Apa ambiri amapezeka nsomba, nsomba Atlantic kapena whitefish ndi nsomba woyera. Mwachibadwa, ngakhale kukhalapo yaikulu mitundu ina ya nsomba ku kutchera misampha kusalankhula oletsedwa zowawa mitundu makamaka wapatali. Choncho kwambiri yafupika nsomba m'matangadza. Chala zimenezi monga zinthu akumane chikhalidwe (kusowa kwa ntchito bwino-analipira) m'midzi anamwazikana m'mphepete mwa Mezen ndi zopanda nzeru kudula mitengo mu boma Udorsky. Izi kudula zinachititsa kuti kusintha paulimi padziko, zimene pamapeto, zinachititsa kuti precoating mchenga ndi inamera mabedi m'madzi zomera. Motero, kutha wintering mabowo, amene spawning Atlantic nsomba. Onse atsogolera pamwamba ndi kuwonjezeka mu kumuwombera mtsinje ogwirira - Pike ndi nsomba, amene amachepetsa chiwerengero cha nsomba. Mitundu ina ya nsomba zimapezeka Mezen zedi mokwanira, ndi European Grayling ndi roach. Ambiri pano ide ndi bream, dace ndi burbot, fulonda ndi lamprey. Mitundu yonse ya nsomba, kuphatikizapo ogwirira Pike ndi nsomba, imvera onse kutchera misampha malamulo ndi oletsedwa.

nakhalanso akale

M'mphepete mwa Mezen kumeneko ndi malo alendo, monga "Udorchanin" (m'mudzi Koslan). Pa mfundo imeneyi kumpoto, kumadzulo kwa Republic of Komi pa mtsinje ndi kasakaniza wazitsulo zotheka.

chikhalidwe okongola m'madera mtsinje Mezen umayenda. Arkhangelsk dera, dera lomwe, makamaka dera Mezen, pali wapadera midzi mbiri yakale monga Kimzha likuimira chikhalidwe cha Russian North ndipo amatisunga kamangidwe mbiri ya Pamudzi ndi wakale zomangamanga matabwa. The peculiarity a dera ili anali ndi makina oyendera mphepo, kumpoto kwenikweni mu dziko. M'midzi izi zisungidwe njira mbiri ya moyo, nthano ndi chikhalidwe otchuka. Mezensky dera - kumpoto kwenikweni mu dera Arkhangelsk, ndi gawo la izo m'gulu zone malire. Chotero, monga kuti adzafike kuno sizigwira ntchito - kulowa yekha ndi chiphaso a. Mu Mezen chigawo anayamba luso. Wapadera kupenta pa birch makungwa chokongoletsedwa Mezen kupenta - ndi alendo bwino derali.