Akulu a zipembedzo, ndipo kulongosola awo

Kwa zaka zambiri, kuyambira pa chiyambi cha moyo wachikhristu, anthu anayesera kuti atenge vumbulutso la Ambuye m'kuyera mtima wake wonse, ndi lzheposledovateli molakwika nkhambakamwa anthu. Kutsimikiza kwawo, kukambirana mavuto ovomerezeka ndi motsimikiza mu mpingo woyambirira wachikhristu anali msonkhano mabungwe azipembedzo. Iwo ogwirizana oima pa chikhulupiriro cha Akhristu ku ngodya zonse za Agiriki ndi Ufumu wa Roma, abusa ndi aphunzitsi a mitundu wakunja. Nthawi IV kuti VIII mbiri ya mpingo m'zaka otchedwa nthawi ya kulimbitsa chikhulupiriro owona, zaka kumakonsolo Zazipembedzo achititsa kuti izi mu mphamvu yake yonse.

mbiri

Choyamba Zazipembedzo Council kwambiri kwa Akhristu moyo, komanso kufunika kwake ikutchulidwa mu njira yapadera. Onse Orthodox ndi Akatolika ayenera kudziwa ndi kuzindikira zimene iye ankakhulupirira, kodi mpingo woyambirira wachikhristu. Mu mbiri munakwanisa kuona bodza la zipembedzo ano ndi mipatuko, ponena ngati chiphunzitso ofanana motsimikiza.

Kuyambira zoyamba enieni a Christian mpingo zamulungu wogwila okhazikika ndi ang'ono, potengera ziphunzitso zikuluzikulu za chikhulupiriro - monga chiphunzitso cha umulungu wa Kristu, Utatu Woyera Mzimu. Komanso, malamulo apanga mkati dongosolo mpingo, nthawi ndi kuti kukwaniritsidwa ntchito. Choyamba Zazipembedzo Council anakonzedwa kusunga nkhani zokhudza chikhulupiriro mu mawonekedwe woona.

The convocation woyamba woyera

Choyamba Council Zazipembedzo unachitikira mu chaka 325. Mwa awo omwe analipo pa msonkhano wa Abambo Woyera anali wotchuka kwambiri Spiridon Trimifuntsky Bishop Mirlikiyskiy Nikolay, Bishop wa Nisibis, Afanasiy Veliky, ndi ena.

Pa msonkhanopo kuti anatsutsidwa ndi anathematized chiphunzitso cha Arius Amene adamutsutsa umulungu wa Kristu. Iwo anali ovomerezeka ndi choonadi zosasintha zokhudza munthu wa Mwana wa Mulungu, Atate wake Mulungu ndi kuyanjana kwa akamanena Mulungu palokha. azambiriyakale mpingo kuti bungwe tanthauzo la mfundo chikhulupiriro anatsimikizidwa pambuyo mayesero yaitali ndi maphunziro kuti analibe maganizo alionse, tingadzifunse kuti bifurcation za maganizo a Akristu enieniwo. Mzimu wa Mulungu anatsogolera mabishopu kugwirizana. Nditamaliza Bungwe la Nicaea, ndi wosokoneza Arius anavutika kwambiri ndi imfa ya nthumbi, koma chiphunzitso chake chonyenga moyo akadali pakati pa alaliki a mpatuko.

posankha zochita atengedwa akulu Zazipembedzo, sanali anausankha ophunzira, koma atate mpingo ovomerezeka kudzera nawo Mzimu Woyera, ndi chokhazikika pa maziko a Lemba. Kwa okhulupirira onse wakhala alipo woona chiphunzitso chimene chimabweretsa Chikhristu, ananeneratu bwino ndi mwachidule choyamba mamembala asanu ndi awiri a Creed. mawonekedwe Ichi ndithu.

The convocation chachiwiri woyera

Bungwe la Zazipembedzo Chachiwiri unachitikira 381 pa Constantinople. Chifukwa chachikulu chinali chitukuko cha ziphunzitso zonyenga bishopu wa Macedonia ndi otsatira ake Ariane Doukhobors. mawu achikunja n'chinthu chofunikira mwana wa Mulungu si consubstantial ndi Atate. Ampatuko Mzimu Woyera ikhale ndi mphamvu utumiki wa Ambuye, ngati angelo.

Pa tchalitchi chachiwiri cha chiphunzitso choona Mkhristu kumbuyo ndi Kirill Ierusalimsky, Grigoriy Nissky, George zaumulungu, wopangidwa mwa 150 mabishopu pano. The abambo oyera anatsimikizira chiphunzitso cha consubstantiality ndi kuyanjana kwa Mulungu Atate, Mwana ndi Mzimu Woyera. Komanso, akulu mpingo anavomereza Nicene Andani, omwe lero ndi Chiongoko cha mpingo.

Chachitatu convocation woyera

Chachitatu Council Zazipembedzo akambirane ku Efeso mu 431, izo wasonkhanitsa mazana awiri mabishopu. Fathers anaganiza kuzindikira mgwirizano za mauthunthu awiri mwa Khristu, anthu ndi Mulungu. Anaganiza kulalikira Khristu monga munthu wangwiro ndi Mulungu wangwiro ndi Virgin Mary - Amayi a Mulungu.

Chachinayi convocation woyera

Chachinayi Zazipembedzo Council unachitika pa Chalcedon akambirane kwenikweni kuthetsa Monophysite mikangano yonse, amene anayamba kufalitsa pozungulira mpingo. Assembly Woyera, wopangidwa mwa mabishopu 650, kuzindikiridwa yekha chiphunzitso choona cha mpingo ndipo akukana za ziphunzitso zonyenga alipo. Fathers analamula kuti Ambuye Khristu - uli woona, wosasintha Mulungu ndi woona munthu. Malinga ndi mulungu wawo iye muyaya adzabadwanso kwa atate wa anthu, iye zinawululidwa kwa kuwala kwa Virgin Mary, mozungulira ngati munthu wopanda uchimo. Mu mwiniwake wa umunthu ndi Umulungu ogwirizana mu thupi la Khristu nthawi zonse, limodzi ndi indivisible.

Dziwani kuti Monophysite chisokonezo anabweretsa mpingo zambiri zoipa. chiphunzitso chabodza sanali adzathetsedwa mpaka mapeto a conciliar chiweruzo, ndipo kwa nthawi yaitali anayamba kutsutsana pakati pa otsatira a wosokoneza Eutyches ndi Nestorius. Chifukwa chachikulu mikangano anali ntchito za otsatira atatu a Mpingo - Fedora Mopsuetskogo, Ibas wa Edessa, Theodoret Koresi. mabishopu awa anatsutsidwa ndi Mfumu Justinian, koma dongosolo lake losadziwika ndi Mpingo wa konsekonse. Choncho mkangano pa machaputala atatu.

The convocation chachisanu woyera

Pofuna kuthetsa nkhani adatsutsana unachitikira Bungwe wachisanu wa Constantinople. Mabishopu zolemba kwadzaoneni watsutsidwa. Kuunikila otsatira oona a chikhulupiriro adanyamuka mfundo Akhristu chikale ndi Mpingo wa Katolika. Bungwe chachisanu sankatha kuwasamalira ankafuna. Monophysites aumbike mwa anthu, limene kwathunthu ku tchalitchi cha Katolika ndipo anapitiriza kuuzira chisokonezo kupanga kutsutsana mwa wachikhristu.

Chimodzi convocation woyera

Mbiri ya akulu wa matchalitchi limanena kuti polimbana ampatuko Akhristu chikale unatha motalika kokwanira. Pa Constantinople akambirane chimodzi Cathedral (Trullo), zomwe potsiriza anali ndi choonadi. Pamsonkhanowo, omwe anali nawo mabishopu 170 izo anatsutsidwa ndi kukanidwa chiphunzitso Monothelites ndi Monophysites. Mwa Yesu Khristu, anavomereza mauthunthu awiri - Mulungu ndi umunthu kotero, zifuniro awiri - Mulungu ndi anthu. Pambuyo pa tchalitchi monofelianstvo anagwa, pafupi zaka makumi asanu ya mpingo ankakhala ndi mwakachetechete. Latsopano yosokoneza otaya inatulutsidwa mochedwa pa chisokonezo iconoclastic.

Seventh convocation woyera

Last 7 Zazipembedzo Council unachitikira ku Nicaea mu 787 AD. Iwo anali nawo mabishopu 367. Oyera akulu anakana anadzudzula chisokonezo Iconoclast ndipo anaganiza kuti zithunzi sayenera kulambira amene amayenera Mulungu yekha, ndi ulemu ndi kulambira pochitatelnoe. Okhulupilira onse amene anapembedza mafano wofanana ndi Mulungu, anachotsedwa. Pambuyo 7 Council Zazipembedzo unachitikira, zaka zoposa 25 iconoclasm adabvutika mpingo.

Ubwino msonkhano woyera

Zisanu ndi akulu Zazipembedzo ndi yofunika kwambiri mu kukula kwa mfundo zofunika za chikhulupiliro cha chikhristu, potengera zimene onse chikhulupiriro ano.

• The choyamba - ovomerezeka umulungu wa Khristu, wofanana Mulungu Atate.
• Chachiwiri - anadzudzula mpatuko wa Macedonia, kukana uMulungu cha Mzimu Woyera.
• Chachitatu - kuthetsa mpatuko wa Nestorius, amene analalikira anthu akuwaza godman.
• Chachinayi - anakanthanso komaliza kwa chiphunzitso chabodza cha Monophysitism.
• Chachisanu - anamaliza kugonjetsedwa kwa mpatuko ndi kuvomereza Yesu anavomereza za mauthunthu awiri - anthu ndi Mulungu.
• Chimodzi - natsutsa Monothelites ndipo anaganiza kusonyeza akalola Khristu awiri.
• Seventh - nagubuduza chisokonezo Iconoclast.

Zaka akulu Zazipembedzo kutenga ndithu ndi chokwanira chiphunzitso chikale Mkhristu.

Chitatu Council Zazipembedzo

Ndi posachedwapa, mbadwa Konstantinopolskiy Varfolomey ananena kuti tikukonzekera poto-Orthodox Eighth Zazipembedzo Council. Kholo lakale analimbikitsa atsogoleri onse a chikhulupiriro Orthodox kusonkhanitsa mu Istanbul kudziwa tsiku lomaliza la chochitika. Iwo ananena kuti 8 matchalitchi akhale nthawi kulimbikitsa mgwirizano wa dziko Orthodox. Komabe, convening ake amakakamizidwa kugawanika pa chikhulupiriro cha Akhristu.

Kuyembekezeredwa kuti Pan-Orthodox Eighth Zazipembedzo Council adzakhala atavala zisinthe osati otsutsiratu munthuyo. Zisanu ndi mabungwe yapita tathanthauzira ndipo zafotokozedwa mfundo ya chikhulupiriro mu chiyero zake zonse. Ponena za msonkhano latsopano woyera, malingaliro anagawanika. Akuluakulu a Tchalitchi cha Orthodox ndikukhulupirira kuti kholo anaiwala osati za convening malamulo, komanso maulosi angapo. Iwo amatiuza za izo 8 woyera Council Zazipembedzo kudzakhala mpatuko.

Abambo kumakonsolo Zazipembedzo

Mpingo Orthodox Russian chikondwerero pa May 31 Tsiku lokumbukira Abambo Woyera, amene anakhala akulu asanu Zazipembedzo. Kuti mabishopu nawo msonkhanowo, tchalitchi chizindikiro kwa malingaliro a mpingo pawokha. maganizo ofanana munthu sanakhale ulamuliro wapamwamba zinthu motsimikiza, malamulo ndi bwino chikhulupiriro. Abambo kumakonsolo Zazipembedzo ndinu olemekezeka mpaka tsopano, ena a iwo anazindikira monga oyera.

malamulo chikhulupiriro chenicheni

Abambo Woyera asiya malamulo, kapena, mwa kulankhula kwina, malamulo a akulu wa matchalitchi, kutsata ndi onse a akuluakulu a tchalitchi ndi okhulupirika okha mpingo wawo ndi moyo.

Malamulo zoyambirira za woyera woyamba wa msonkhano:

• Atsogoleri ndi sikunapatsidwa kwa anthu okha emasculated.
• Mlingo wa wopatulika sangathe kukhala otembenuka okhulupirira.
• Wansembe simungakhoze kukhala mu nyumba mkazi amene si wachibale ake apamtima.
• Mabishopu ayenera kusankhidwa ndi mabishopu ndi ovomerezedwa ndi Metropolitan.
• Bishopu salandira chiyanjano cha anthu amene anachotsedwa bishopu wina. Rule malamulo lachiweruzo chindapusa mabishopu 'kawiri pa chaka.
• Kutsimikizira ndi ulamuliro woposa a akuluakulu ena a udindo wapamwamba pa ena. Iwo ndikoletsedwa kupereka bishopu popanda chilolezo msonkhano onse ndi Metropolitan.
• Yerusalemu bishopu mmene ofanana Metropolitan.
• Mu mzinda wina sangakhale mabishopu awiri.
• munthu Vicious akhoza anavomereza kuti utumiki ansembe.
• Wagwa zimatha kuyambitsa ku udindo wopatulika.
• Waganiza bwanji kulapa mmbuyo.
• Lililonse kufa aziphunzitsa zinsinsi zopatulika.
• Mabishopu ndi atsogoleri sangathe amangosankha kusuntha kwa matalala matalala.
• Atsogoleri simungathe kuchita katapira.
• Ndi zoletsedwa kugwada mu masiku a Pentekoste ndi Lamlungu.

Malamulo zoyambirira za msonkhano wachiwiri wa woyera:

• Lililonse chisokonezo ayenera pansi anathema.
• Mabishopu sayenera kuwonjezera mphamvu yake yoposa dera lake.
• Postanavlivayutsya malamulo chisankho olapa ampatuko.
• milandu onse pa olamulira a mpingo ayenera ankafufuza.
• Mpingo amalandira kudzinenera Mulungu mmodzi.

Ulamuliro zoyambirira za msonkhano wachitatu wa woyera: waukulu ovomerezeka limaletsa kulemba kachikhulupiriro latsopano.

Malamulo zoyambirira za msonkhano wachinayi wa woyera:

• Anyakutawira Yezi onsene asafunika kusunga zonse zimene anagwirizana pa mabungwe m'mbuyomu.
• Kulamulira digiri mpingo ndalama analangidwa koopsa.
• Mabishopu, atsogoleri achipembedzo ndi agulupa sayenera kumenya za m'dziko chifukwa cha zofunkha.
• Chimonko sayenera kutsogolera mosalongosoka chilolezo.
• Chimonko ndi atsogoleri asalowe usilikali kapena udindo m'dzikoli.
• Atsogoleri sayenera akambirane mu mpando yakale chiweruzo.
• Mabishopu sayenera m'zochitika mpingo thandizo akuluakulu a boma.
• Oimba ndi owerenga asakwatiwe ndi akazi heterodox.
• Chimonko ndi anamwali asakwatiwe.
• M'malo sayenera kufuna kwawo kwa chidziko.

A okwana akulu asanu Zazipembedzo anabweretsa malamulo amene tsopano alipo okhulupirira onse ndi mabuku apadera auzimu.

m'malo mapeto

Akulu a zipembedzo anali wokhoza kusunga chiyero chenicheni cha moyo wachikhristu mu uthunthu wake. Atsogoleri apamwamba akadali amatsogolera nkhosa zake kwa Ufumu wa Mulungu, pravomysliyu ndi kumvetsa malamulo ndi ziphunzitso za chikhulupiriro.