University of Berkeley. Maunivesite ku USA: University of Berkeley. Maunivesite a State ku USA

Masiku ano, omaliza maphunziro a mayunivesite akuluakulu apanyanja omwe akugulitsa ntchito amatha kupeza ntchito mosavuta. Iwo amafunidwa mu makampani ndi mabungwe ambiri. Ndipo izi ndi zomveka: maphunziro apamwamba omwe amapezeka kunja akunena kuti ophunzira ali ndi maluso oyenerera komanso kudziwa bwino zamakono. Pa mndandanda wa mayunivesiti abwino kwambiri padziko lonse nthawi zonse unakhala ndi mayunivesite ambiri ku United States.

Sukulu zabwino kwambiri za ku America

Sizingatheke kuti padzakhala munthu yemwe sakudziwa momwe angaphunzire bwino ku Princeton, Yale kapena Harvard. Mapunivesite awa a US ali ndi "Ivy League" yotchuka kwambiri. Anthu 6 mpaka 10 peresenti ya nzika zakunja angathe kulembetsa. Ndi mabungwe awa a maphunziro omwe ali pamwamba pa maunivesite a US. Izi ndi Columbia, Harvard, Princeton, Yale, Brown, Cornell ndi Dortmund oyunivesiti akuluakulu.

Ubwino wophunzira ku USA

Maphunziro abwino kwambiri a ku America amapereka maphunziro oyenera omwe aphunzitsidwa ndi aphunzitsi padziko lonse lapansi. Kuphunzira ku yunivesite ya US kumapangitsa ophunzira kupeza nzeru zomwe amapatsidwa ndi aphunzitsi apamwamba, atsogoleri a dziko, atsogoleri a makampani aakulu. Malingana ndi chiwerengero, pafupifupi makumi asanu ndi anayi mphambu zisanu ndi atatu pa omaliza maphunziro a Ivy League omaliza maphunziro adzipeza okha mokwanira kugwira ntchito kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi atalandira diploma. Ambiri a iwo ali ndi maudindo apamwamba lerolino, koma anthu omwe ali ndi luso kwambiri adayamba kukhala ndi mphoto ya Nobel Prize kapena Pulitzer Prize.

Makalata a ma yunivesite ya America adasonkhanitsa mabuku ambiri ndi magazini, zofalitsa, mipukutu yosawerengeka. Kuphunzira kwawo kumapatsa ophunzira chidziwitso chokwanira m'njira iliyonse. Laibulale yochititsa chidwi kwambiri, yomwe University University ya Columbia ili yonyada ku New York, ili ndi mabuku oposa mamiliyoni khumi.

Kusankha a US ku maphunziro apamwamba, ambiri, kuphatikizapo a Russia, amadalira kuti apite patsogolo. Ndiponsotu, kuphunzira m'mayunivesites apamwamba padziko lapansi kumakhala mwayi wokhala membala wa anthu omwe ali ndi tsogolo.

Zagulu kapena zapadera

Pakalipano, funso lofunika kwambiri loti apite kukaphunzira lapeza tanthauzo latsopano. Ofunsidwa amafunika kusankha: komwe kuli bwino kunyamula zikalata - ku bungwe la anthu kapena lachinsinsi la maphunziro apamwamba.

M'dziko lathu, zakhazikitsidwa kuyambira pachiyambi kuti university yunivesite imakhala yodalirika, yodalirika komanso makamaka diploma yapamwamba. Komabe, kufotokoza kwa funsoli kulibe kwathunthu. Mwachitsanzo, malinga ndi maphunziro apamwamba a ku America, palibe bungwe lolamulidwa ndi boma. Maphunziro a maphunziro omwe ali m'dera linalake, akuluakulu a boma akuyang'aniridwa komanso amavomerezedwa. Komabe, palibe chomwe amalepheretsa kuvomerezedwa, komanso, satsimikiziranso ubwino wa maphunziro. Ntchito ziwirizi zimaperekedwa kwa mabungwe omwe si a boma komanso odziimira.

Ndibwino kuti muphunzire

Pa funso la maphunziro apamwamba a ku America omwe ali apamwamba - mayunivesite apadera kapena apamwamba a ku United States, n'kosatheka kuyankha mosaganizira. Malingana ndi kafukufuku, mndandandanda wa otchuka kwambiri padziko lonse ukuphatikizapo woyamba ndi wachiwiri. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mndandanda wa Ivy League - "Ivy League", umene umaphatikizapo mayunivesite akale kwambiri ku Amerika omwe amapereka chidziwitso chofunikira kwambiri ndi maphunziro apamwamba, kuphatikizapo mayunivesite apadera.

Koma pakadali pano dzina la bungwe ndilofunika, osati mawonekedwe ake. Pa nthawi yomweyi, mabungwe akuluakulu a maphunziro akuluakulu a boma ali ndi miyambo yabwino komanso mbiri yakale. Amagwira ntchito pamodzi ndi utsogoleri wa maiko omwe ali m'gawo lawo, ndipo nthawi zina amapatsidwa ndalama kuchokera ku bajeti ya boma. Monga malamulo, mayunivesite a boma a US ali bungwe monga malo a sayansi ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu a dera ndikukopa nzika zakunja zambiri. Ndipo popeza kuphunzitsidwa mwawo kuli kosavuta kusiyana ndi kuphunzira m'mayunivesite, ndipo ndipamwamba kwambiri, ndiye kuti kutchuka kwawo kuli kwakukulu.

Mapunivesite a boma amagwira ntchito m'midzi, komanso m'midzi yaing'ono. Ambiri a iwo ali ndi nthambi zambirimbiri - makampu amwazika m'madera onse.

Malipiro

Mabungwe apamwamba apamwamba amatsogoleredwa ndi mabungwe apadera a matrasti. Iwo ali kudalira mosiyanasiyana pa boma. Monga lamulo, mabungwe apamwamba a ku United States amayang'aniridwa ndi akuluakulu am'deralo ndipo samvera boma la maphunziro - utumiki.

Chifukwa cha thandizo lachuma limene analandira kuchokera ku boma, mtengo wa maphunziro ku mayunivesite ngatiwo ndi ochepa kuposa m'mayunivesites apadera. Komabe, akadali okwera kwambiri. Kuonjezera apo, monga m'mayiko ambiri, imakula chaka ndi chaka, kotero anthu a ku America omwe ali ndi ndalama zambiri amapempha ngongole kubanki ku boma.

Yunivesite ya California

Yunivesite ya California ndi imodzi mwa malo odziwika kwambiri a sayansi ndi maphunziro padziko lonse lapansi. Yunivesiteyi imagawira malo atatu payekha ndi malo apamwamba a ku Michigan. Maunivesite awiriwa amaonedwa ngati otchuka kwambiri ku United States.

Mu magawo osiyanasiyana a yunivesite ya California (UC) lero ophunzira opitirira zikwi mazana awiri. Yunivesite ya California inasinthidwa mu 1868 kuchokera ku koleji ya dzina lomwelo. Ena mwa ophunzirawo ndi alangizi awo ali ndi maulendo apamwamba a Nobel ndipo ali ndi mphoto zamtengo wapatali m'masayansi osiyanasiyana.

Yunivesite ya California ikukonzekera akatswiri a zamalonda ndi zachuma, mankhwala ndi maubwenzi a anthu, zachilengedwe ndi ulimi. Ophunzira apatsidwa mwayi wosankha masauzande ambiri a sayansi ndi maphunziro.

Yunivesite ya California ndi mgwirizano wa makampu khumi ndi umodzi - masukulu, omwe ali mumidzi yambiri ya State of California. Chachikulu chili ku Berkeley. Kuwonjezera apo, pali zigawo ku Belmonte, Davis, Irvine, Los Angeles, Riverside, Merced, San Francisco, San Diego, Santa Barbara ndi Santa Cruz. Kuwonjezera apo, yunivesite ikuphatikizapo Institute of Oceanography Scripps ndi College of Law Hastings.

Campus ku Berkeley

Pokhala mbali ya dongosolo la yunivesite ya California, nthambiyi ili ndi mayunivesite khumi odziimira pawokha, omwe ali ndi ufulu wokhawokha komanso ali ndi kayendetsedwe kawo ndi ndalama. Yunivesite ya Berkeley ndi yakale kwambiri muzunivesite za UC. Lili mumzinda wa dzina lomwelo, pafupi ndi San Francisco. Yunivesite ya California ku Berkeley ndiyo yokha yophunzitsa maphunziro ku boma pakati pa mayunivesiti makumi awiri ndi asanu abwino kwambiri ku United States.

Mbiri

Mu 1866, malo omwe yunivesite ya Berkeley ilipo lero, adagula koleji yapadera. Koma popeza adalibe ndalama, anayenera kugwirizanitsa ndi zipangizo zamalonda komanso zaulimi. Chikalata choyambitsa, malinga ndi zomwe yunivesite yowunikira ku Berkeley inalengedwa, inasaina ndi Bwanamkubwa wa California G. Hayit. Izo zinachitika pa March 23, 1868.

Yunivesite ya California ku Berkeley inayamba ntchito yake mu September chaka chotsatira. Mu 1871, Board of Regents ya yunivesite inaganiza zomulandira iye mofanana ndi amuna ndi akazi. Ichi chinali njira yowonjezera kwambiri ya nthawi imeneyo.

Development

Mphatso yomwe inalandira kuchokera ku banja la Hursts - tycoons, amene anayamba kuthandiza yunivesite kuyambira khumi ndi khumi ndi khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu zapitazo adapereka umboni wakuti bungweli limagwira ntchito mwachizolowezi. Pokhala yuniviti ya boma, yunivesite ya Berkeley inakopa zofuna zapadera pazinthu za maphunziro ndi kafukufuku . Komabe, panthawi ya Kusokonezeka Kwakukulu, ndalama zinkasokonekera kwambiri. Komabe, yunivesite ya Berkeley inatha kukhala ndi udindo wapamwamba ku maphunziro apamwamba a US. Pofika mu 1942, kuunika kwa American Educational Council ku Berkeley, Berkeley anadutsa pamalo ena awiri pambuyo pa Harvard pazinthu zambiri.

Pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yadziko Lonse, University of Radiation Laboratory inathandiza kwambiri pakukula zida za nyukiliya. Mwachitsanzo, kufotokozedwa kwa Pulofesa G. Seaborg wa plutonium kunathandiza kwambiri pa izi.

Maphunziro a digiri ya Bachelor

Ndalama zoyenera kuphunzira pa yunivesite ya Berkeley pa gawo loyamba ndi pafupifupi pafupifupi madola zikwi makumi atatu ndi malo okhala pakhomo. Ndalamayi ikuphatikizapo maphunziro, nyumba, chakudya, mtengo wa mabuku ndi zina zofunika. Kuphatikiza apo, ophunzira ayenera kulipira ndalama pa zosowa zawo, komanso paulendo. Komabe, mtengo wophunzira ku yunivesite ku Berkeley ndi wochepa kwambiri kuposa m'mayunivesite ena otsogolera. Izi ndi chifukwa cha chikhalidwe cha boma. Kuphatikiza apo, pafupifupi makumi asanu ndi awiri mphambu zisanu pa zana aliwonse a ophunzira apamwamba akuphunzira thandizo la ndalama.

Phindu la kuphunzira kwa mapulogalamu a master kapena doctoral ndi apamwamba kwambiri. Ndi pafupifupi madola 33,000 kwa anthu okhala m'dziko lino komanso pafupifupi 50 - omwe si okhalamo.

Kusiyana

Pa magulu 130 a sukuluyi ndi masukulu ena 14 ali ndi mayunivesite. Otsatsawa amaperekedwa kwa ophunzira okha. Komanso, "sukulu" ndizopitiliza maphunziro. Makoloni ali ndi zidziwitso zotsatirazi: mu khemistri, kukonza kunja, mabuku ndi sayansi, zachilengedwe. M'ndandanda wa sukulu - maphunziro, malamulo, zamankhwala, ndondomeko ya boma yotchedwa Goldman, chitetezo cha anthu. Palinso zofunikira pazinthu zamakanema ndi zamakono zamakono. Komabe, wotchuka kwambiri ndi Sukulu ya Bizinesi, yotchedwa Walter Haas.

Ziwerengero

Yunivesite ya Berkeley lero ili ndi anthu oposa 50,000 omwe akulowa nawo, ndipo 25 peresenti yokha adzaloledwa ku yunivesite. Chiwerengero cha ophunzira ndi pafupifupi 40,000, omwe ophunzira 11,000 ali mu magistracy and doctoral studies.