Umphawi - ndi chiyani ichi? Mlingo wa umphawi. umphawi mtheradi ndi wachibale

N'chifukwa chiyani ndili osauka? funsoli ndinadzifunsa kuti tsiku lililonse masauzande anthu pa dziko. Iwo akuyesa kugula osachepera zinthu zimene akufunika, koma ngakhale kawirikawiri alibe malipilo zochepa kapena penshoni. Umphawi - ndi ukonde kangaude lomwe kuthawa kovuta. Koma mwamtheradi weniweni. Chinthu chachikulu kusonkhanitsa mu nkhonya ndi kuchita. Musati mukhale bata, osati kulira ndipo tisamaganizire ndi boma womvetsa chisoni. kusintha moyo uliwonse kupereka osachepera mwayi kuchotsa ndi enviable udindo, monga kuyenera kwa mphwayi wathunthu, kupanda kanthu ndi passivity.

Umphawi chodabwitsa chitukuko

Ichi ndi kuchepa kwambiri za ndalama ndi koyenera kuti kuli chuma kuti zikathandizire mwamsanga wa munthu, banja lonse, anthu ndi boma. Mwachitsanzo, masiku ano izo amakhulupilira kuti aliyense m'nyumbamo panali zinthu zofunika: TV, mbaula, tebulo, kugona, ndi zina zotero. ajombera kapena kulephera kugula chimachititsa munthu wosauka mu maso a ena. Kumene, komabe si pa khonde chifukwa amapezera n'kuyesa munthu wabwinobwino. Koma ndalama zimene munthu alandira mu fakitare kapena fakitale, ali osowa, ndipo zinkandivuta kukhala zofunika.

Umphawi - kupanda chuma, mphamvu za chuma, katundu chimene zonse. Ngati inu mukuyang'ana pa lonse, sikutheka moyo, kuberekana, kukulitsa. Kwambiri anthu osauka alibe ngakhale ndalama yogulira chakudya, choncho kupita msewu kupempha.

umphawi mtheradi

Mu lingaliro limeneli ndikosatheka munthu munthu wabwinobwino. umphawi mtheradi - sikutheka kukumana ngakhale zinthu zofunika chakudya ndi chakudya, zovala ndi chikondi. Oterewa akugula yekha mankhwala osachepera okhoza kukhala ntchito zake zofunika kwambiri. Iye kawirikawiri sakhala kulipira zofunikira ndi renounces kupeza katundu. Kudziwa mtundu wa umphawi ndi zotheka amayerekezera ang'onoang'ono ndi mphamvu yake kudzithandiza yekha kupereka zonse zofunika. Ngati kusiyana ndi yofunika kwambiri, ndi chuma kunena za chodabwitsa cha pakhomo umphawi - ndi kupanda khalidwe yabwino kwa anthu, kulephera kukhalabe woyikidwa nyengo olakwika ndiponso kupewa mfundo mwachizolowezi.

The World Bank ali anayesedwa pamene pali malire. Akatswiri, umphawi mzere - ndi kukhalapo zosakwana 1,25 madola US tsiku. Koma si kuganizira banja, ali pang'ono ndithu pamwamba wosaiwalika kuti. Choncho, pali vuto, kumene lochitira ndi umphawi dziko akukulira, pamene chiwerengero cha anthu amene ali osauka, yafupika.

umphawi wachibale

Nthawi zina anthu amadziona osauka, osati chifukwa iwo kwenikweni chinachake akusowa, koma chifukwa ndalama zawo n'chozama kwambiri kuposa anzanu, anansi, achibale. Wachibale umphawi - muyeso mmene inu sizikugwirizana mu chimango wokhazikitsidwa anthu owazungulira. Mwachitsanzo, anzanu zikugwilizana zokwanira: Mlongo ndi mwamuna wake ukupumula ku zilumba za Canary, mnzathu akapita pa kugula ku Paris. M'malo mwake, mungathere tchuthi chanu basi mu Crimea zoweta. Kumene, kudzifananitsa ndi anzanu, inu mumawatcha banja lanu osauka. Koma ngati mukuganiza, anthu sangathe kupereka ulendo ku achisangalalo ku dziko, kotero kuti ndinu osauka imeneyi chilungamo.

Mwachidule, umphawi wachibale - izi zikusiyana wamakhalidwe muyezo wa moyo yozungulira inu. Nthawi zambiri iye amayesetsa kulingalira ndalama: ngati kukula, ndi kufalitsa ndalama akanali yemweyo, ndiye mtundu wa kulibe zonse.

Townsend lingaliro

Iye ankaona kuti umphawi chikhalidwe chimene zosangalatsa za moyo bwino kwa anthu sidelined kapena kukhala kufikako. Poona zochitika (ntchito yatha, kusowa kwa ndalama) iye akapanda amene angasinthe moyo wawo nthawi zonse. Mwachitsanzo, wazamalonda amapita ku ofesi mu galimoto yake. Koma dziko yafika nthawi ya mavuto azachuma, mtengo wa mafuta anasangalala oposa, ndi malipiro a anthu wofanana. Chifukwa cha ichi, ayenera kusiya galimoto mokomera zizidzawonongedwa mtengo yapansi panthaka. Izi sizikutanthauza kuti anakhala wosauka - m'malo kupsinjidwa amafuna ndalama zosakhalitsa.

Townsend ananena kuti umphawi wachibale - ndicho ndalama m'munsimu mlingo pa zimene apitiriza kukhala mbali yaikulu ya anthu. Katswiri ntchito zake zambiri ankagwiritsa ntchito mfundo kulandidwa multidimensional, kutanthauza ndi mwayi wa munthu kapena banja lake kwa mkhalidwe wa misa anthu ambiri. Zingakhale zinthu zimene amakhala ndi zizindikiro monga zovala, chakudya, moyo ndi ntchito ndi chikhalidwe - ndicho ntchito, maphunziro mlingo wa ntchito.

Awiri malangizo a chiphunzitso cha

Mlingo wa umphawi - lingaliro umboni ndithu, zomwe ziribe chimango bwino kapena malire. Choncho Townsend mfundo tanthauzo mu matanthauzo kuchepera zambiri. Choyamba, malinga ndi katswiri wa, potaya mlingo wa kufunika, m'pofunika kuganizira kusanthula kupezeka kwa ndalama kwa ogulidwa katundu ndi moyo wabwinobwino. Pamene izi n'komwe zosonyezera (apakatikati) ndalama munthu limasuliridwe. Mwachitsanzo, ku Scandinavia pakhomo la umphawi wachibale limafanana ndi 60% ya chuma ku Europe - 40% - 50% mu US.

Kachiwiri, wachibale njira mankhwala pa dziko lonse. Pankhaniyi, kutenga nkhani n'zotheka kukachita nawo anthu, kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zimene zilipo. Chidwi, koma mtheradi umphawi - ndi mfundo zakuya. osiyanasiyana ake sali yemweyo monga wachibale. Woyamba angathe kuthetsedwa, pamene lachiwiri nthawizonse zidzakhala pano, chifukwa lochitira anthu - chodabwitsa wosatha ndi ineradicable. About umphawi wachibale akhoza kulankhula ngakhale choncho kumene nzika zonse mwadzidzidzi kukhala Anthu.

njira kulandidwa

Bukuli lili palibe ndalama, chuma ndi ndalama, ndi mlingo wa mowa anthu a katundu wina ndi misonkhano. Pankhaniyi, umphawi mzere - udindo pa anthu, pamene munthu alibe mwayi kwa zinthu zina, choncho anakafika kugula omwe ankasonyeza mtengo. Mwachitsanzo, mtsikana Anya akufuna foni. A yatsopano mafashoni kukhudza chipangizo iye alibe ndalama, koma kuti akhalire kusungidwa mu banki wake wake Piggy, kuwapangitsa kukhala mwini wa zabwino mokwanira chipangizo kukankha-batani.

Kulandidwa njira zimasonyezanso kusiyiratu anthu ena ntchito ndi kugula kwa ndalama ang'ono. Motero, munthu akugula katundu ochepa mu sitolo, ndipo nkukana Barber, kuyenda mtunda ntchito. Apa maziko a mlingo wa zofuna za kukonda chachikulu ndi pa mowa. Koma kufotokoza umphawi pakhomo pa nthawi yomweyo ndi yovuta mokwanira: Anthu akhoza kukhala nkhokwe wabwino ndalama, koma nthawi zina kusiya katundu mwanaalirenji, kutenga nkhani ya seasonality izi kapena kuti kugula.

Zimayambitsa umphawi

Pangakhale anthu ambiri. Nthawi zina anthu sangathe kusonkhezera nthawi imene kuwakweza pa mzere ukusowa. Nthawi zina, iwo ndiwo amachititsa zochitika. Zimayambitsa umphawi angathe kuikidwa m'magulu:

1. Ndalama - otsika malipiro, ulova, mavuto mu dziko, ndalama devaluation.
2. Political - nkhondo, anakakamizika kusamuka.
3. Umoyo mankhwala - ukalamba, kulumala, ndi mkulu mlingo wa odwala mu dziko.
4. Chiwerengero - kholo banja, kukhala ndi ana amene amadalira munthu wodwalayo.
5. Ayenerere - okha nzeru ndi luso, kusowa kupeza mlingo wake otsika maphunziro.
6. Geographical - pamaso pa zigawo maganizo, chitukuko m'goli.
7. Personal - uchidakwa, kumulakalaka mankhwala, njuga kusiya.

Kaya zimayambitsa umphawi, Chofunika kwambiri, kumbukirani kuti mukhoza kutuluka mavuto. Molakwa amene akuti: ". Umphawi - ndi wachiwiri" Ayi, si koyenera kuchita manyazi. Muyenera - chodabwitsa osakhalitsa, pa inu ndi chikhumbo chachikulu nthawi zonse bwanji.

Kufotokoza za zimayambitsa umphawi

Pali njira ziwiri kuti correlate ndi chodabwitsa chikhalidwe cha umphawi m'dziko la:

• mafotokozedwe chikhalidwe. Okhulupirira chiphunzitso chimenechi kuti anapanga mtundu wa khalidwe osauka anthu: fatalism, kukhumudwitsidwa, kudzichepetsa, kukhumudwa. M'malo akuchita, anthu amapezeka linatsala pang'ono kuwonongedwa, anayamba kukhala zachizoloŵezi woledzera, kapena pemphani. Mu umphawi choncho - ndi mtundu wa matenda otengera opatsirana chibadwa. Akatswiri kupasula malipiro moyo, penshoni ndi phindu kwa anthu amenewa, kukankhira iye kufunafuna ntchito ndipo chiwonetsero cha kanthu pang'ono.
• Kandalama mafotokozedwe. Kuchokera pa mfundo imeneyi, akatswiri kuti umphawi kumachitika pamene mavuto amapezeka boma. M'goli kugawa chuma pakati pa anthu mu nthawi izi makamaka pachimake. Iwo kulabadira kusintha kapangidwe ka msika ntchito padziko lonse. Mwachitsanzo, pali zambiri unachitikira malipiro chongopeka otsika kuti kukopa ndalama zambiri.

Kuwonjezera zifukwa pamwamba, umphawi akhoza zimachitika chifukwa zina, mwachindunji ku makamaka munthu, moyo wake ndi malamulo a boma kumene iye amakhala.

Kodi chimayambitsa umphawi?

Kumeneko ndi awiri ziphunzitso chidwi, otsatira amene maganizo pa vutoli chikhalidwe ndi kupereka njira kosiyana Zotsutsana za kuwonongedwa ake. oimira kaye umphawi zinthu zosangalatsa. Akatswiri amanena kuti kukukhala chimene amakankhira munthu kuchita, kuvumbitsira kusintha okha ndi luso lawo kupereka pamwamba malingaliro atsopano. Chifukwa, anthu akufotokozera, umayendera udindo chuma cha boma pa nthawi yomweyo bwino. Chiphunzitsochi otchedwa Darwin, mothandizidwa ndi olekerera.

azimuth wina wotchedwa equalization. otsatira ake amakhulupirira kuti umphawi - zoipa. Mu lingaliro lawo, umphawi sakakamiza munthu kulimbikira kwambiri kuti kupereka okha ndi zonse zofunikira. M'malo mwake, izo zidzapangitsa kuti mfundo kuti iyeyo adzakhala pang'onopang'ono falitsani pansi anthu. Akatswiri akukhulupirira: kupewa ndi kudzitsitsa wathunthu wa munthu, amene amakhala ofunitsitsa ndi kupanda kanthu chifukwa fetter zosowa zawo, ayenera kukhala zotheka mofanana kugawa chuma cha charo alipo ndi zida mwa nzika zonse zadziko.

zotsatira zoipa

Mlingo umphawi - ichi ndi chothandizira kumene kumatsimikizira m'mlengalenga M'boma lonse. Gwirizanani, ngati anthu akuvutika ndi umphawi, kusagwirizana uka m'dziko ambiri milandu. Kutsitsa manja ake sangadziwe anthu kuba ndi boma, amayamba kupeza mozemba, kuchizemba misonkho, amatenga ziphuphu kudyetsa banja lake. Nthawi zina ngakhale amapita ku mlandu waukulu kwambiri kupha kwa phindu, kuba, kuba. Society akuvutika ndi umphawi, nthawi zambiri odwala chifukwa cha zinthu auve. Iwo amakhala ndi imfa kwambiri ndi chiopsezo cha kufala kwa matenda.

Omvetsa chisoni cholowa umphawi. Ndithudi, anthu osauka zambiri amabadwa ana mphatso angathe m'tsogolo kulenga mankhwala khansa, kuti mukupanga galimoto zouluka, kapena kubwera ndi njira kulimbana likutentha. Koma zimenezi sizidzachitika: chosowa ndalama ndi chuma kumabweretsa mfundo yakuti mwana sangathe kupeza maphunziro abwino ndi kukhala latsopano Einstein. Iye kukhulupirira kuyambira ali mwana kuti kufuna ake onse kusintha miyoyo ya ziro Choncho amakakamizidwa mwakachetechete kulekerera zinthu ndi kuwononga maluso awo.

mkhalidwe wa umphawi

Anthu ambiri anakhudzidwa ndi zofuna za nzika za Africa, Asia, ena kum'mawa limati European. Akatswiri mu 2014 pachikhalidwe mayiko ambiri osauka, amapatsidwa umphawi kusiyana - kusiyana ndalama pakati pa zigawo zosiyana za chiŵerengero anthu. Tiyenera kulabadira i monga mlingo wa chitukuko zachuma, kakhalidwe ka moyo ndi ufulu, ulamuliro. Chifukwa, opemphapempha ambiri anali Egypt, Zambia, India, Senegal, Rwanda, Bangladesh, Nepal, Ghana, Algeria, Nepal, Bosnia, Honduras, Guatemala.

Pa nthawi yomweyo kwambiri komanso anthu amakhala Switzerland, Sweden, Norway, New Zealand, Denmark, Australia, Netherlands, Canada, Finland ndi Luxembourg. US nduna a mitundu bwino kwambiri anatenga okha 11 malo, Russia - 32, Lithuania, Estonia ndi Latvia - 45, 48 ndi 49, Belarus - 56, Ukraine - 68. mndandanda imeneyi ikusonyeza zabwino kapena zoipa anthu amoyo a boma. Koma nthawi zonse kusinthidwa, ngati tasankha zizindikiro zina, monga maphunziro, zaumoyo quality, komanso mipata ntchito.