Ufulu wa umoyo. Ufulu wa chinsinsi

Chibadidwe aliyense ufulu moyo umene kutetezedwa ndi lamulo. Mu wokhutira umasonyeza kuti palibe amene angathe mwadala anasankha mwayi moyo. Lamulo limeneli amaika udindo pa boma kuchita zonse kuonetsetsa kuti munthuyo anali pa nyatwa. Komanso boma ayenera kusamalira kufufuza bwino kuphana ndi. Mu Russia, kuli ufulu moyo anakhazikitsa lamulo ladziko.

walekana ndi moyo

Zikufanana monga mwa chilamulo akhoza kumana munthu moyo? Zimenezi ikuchitika kofunika kutero kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kuteteza munthu ku nkhanza n'kosaloleka. Choncho, anagwira kumangidwa zololeka kapena kupewa kupulumuka kwa munthu mkaidi m'ndende mwalamulo. Ndipo komabe m'pofunika kupondereza, ndi lamulo, wopanduka kapena chiwawa.

Mchitidwe kuchotsa moyo wa anthu odwala matenda osachiritsika ndi likufa kuzunzika mumamva, wotchedwa kumaliza. M'mayiko ena, anthu achilendo kuthandiza ndi kudzipha zaufulu mwalamulo.

Kuteteza ufulu wa ana osabadwa

M'mayiko ambiri amaona kuti ufulu moyo wa munthu ayambe yekha pa nthawi ya kubala. Komabe, otsutsa mimba zatsopano ndi maselo tsinde kuyesa kutengera pa lingaliro. Tikumbukenso kuti Eighth Kukonzedwa kwa lamulo lalikulu ladziko la Ireland, anatengera mu 1987, amazindikira chipatso cha bwino kukhala malire chomwecho, chimene chimatengedwa ndi mayi ake. Mu Hungary mu 2011, analowa mphamvu Baibulo latsopano Chilamulo Basic amapereka chitetezo cha moyo wa munthu kuchokera pamene lingaliro. Ndipotu zikunenedwa kuti loletsa pa mimba.

Gestational zaka zomwe anthu amaona zamoyo anatsimikiza ndi malamulo m'mayiko onsewa. The States ayamba zosiyanasiyana viability miyezo ya mwana wosabadwa. Choncho, Ukraine imatengedwa mwana wosabadwa yotheka yekha masekeli oposa 500 ga njira imeneyi akatswiri udindo ndazindikira mosiyana. Ndipo onse chifukwa zipatala zambiri umayi sali okonzekera kusamalira ana amenewa.

chilango cha imfa

Walekana ndi moyo pobwezera imfa. Iwo akhoza mtchatho ndi boma ndipo anaphedwa ndi khoti chigamulo ogwira. Nthawi zina zingakhale njira ankhondo kapena boma mabungwe. Monga mukuonera, izo ziyenera kutanthauzira ambiri ufulu wokhala ndi moyo.

Mu dziko kutukuka kuphedwa ndi zoletsedwa m'madera ambiri. Koma ena amaona kuti yachibadwa chilango chigawenga, ngakhale ntchito pokha pokha milandu yoopsa kwambiri. Mu China, chilango cha imfa ntchito kulikonse ndi zolakwa zochepa. Mu dziko lino, mu izi mwankhanza kulanga akuluakulu onse achinyengo, pimps, opha nyama, forgers, anthu amene si misonkho, ndi zina zotero.

Russian ndi Soviet mchitidwe malamulo, kupeza kuphedwa panthawi zosiyanasiyana, ambiri amagwiritsa euphemisms. Amene yabwino kwambiri anthu masiku ano ali kuwomberedwa. Iwo ankagwiritsa ntchito kunyongedwa, ngati mpando magetsi, ikulendewera, woopsa jekeseni, miyala ndi kuwadula.

zachinsinsi

The ufulu wa chinsinsi mu sayansi jurisprudential amalowa gulu la wosachoka. Mbaliyi mbali zotsatirazi:

• A kuletsa zopereka, yosungirako, kufalitsa ndi ntchito zambiri zokhudza moyo wapadera wa anthu popanda chilolezo awo.
• The ufulu woteteza nkhani okha.
• Ufulu kutetezeredwa ulemu ndi mbiri yabwino.
• Ufulu kutetezeredwa deta.
• The ufulu wa chinsinsi kulankhulana. Nthawi chikalata ngati gulu osiyana.
• Ufulu kusinthanitsa zinsinsi (zachipatala, chinsinsi kuvomereza umwana neri Al.).

Mu mayiko zokomera, m'malo akuti "zinsinsi", anagwiritsa ntchito mawu akuti "moyo". maloya Russian zambiri kuonetsetsa ndi ufulu wa chinsinsi m'njira yopapatiza ndi yotakata. Pankhani chachiwiri akunena za chitetezero cha sipekitiramu yotakata ntchito za munthu, osati zokhudzana ndi ntchito pagulu. Ndipotu, imeneyi, ndi ufulu wa chinsinsi zikuphatikizapo malamulo pa banja ndi zinsinsi munthu, chitetezo deta kampani, kukhulupirika nyumba ndi zina zotero. Yopapatiza tanthauzo ukuchita bwino ndi chitetezo okha malo ochepa a zochita za anthu amene alibe chiyambi malamulo. Mwina anzanu wabwinobwino, mwachitsanzo.

Kumene ambiri m'mayiko yokhala kulengeza ufulu wa anthu si nthawi zonse ikuchitika ntchito. Ndipo umphumphu wa moyo payekha zambiri ukhala pa pepala, ngakhale kungakupatseni lamulo lalikhulu la dziko ndi malamulo.

nkhani

Ufulu okhala ndi moyo - ndi kani Mwambi kuposa lomveka yaitali. Hobbes ankanena kuti zitetezeke ndi udindo wa munthu aliyense, kotero kuti amaona ufulu zachilengedwe kuchita chilichonse chimene chimapangitsa kuti zitetezeke.

Choncho, imadziwika bwino ichi chinapangidwa pa maiko a ku Ulaya mu nthawi ya kusintha bourgeois. izo zinalembedwa mu France, ndi zolimbana malamulo. Ndipo mu Constitution US ndi wa Bill za Ufulu wa ku United States mpaka sizinapezekebe mapulani ngakhale lachokera ku zingapo kusinthidwa malamulo.

Kwa nthawi yoyamba ufulu banja akhala mwasayansi anayamba kukhala asayansi otchuka, maloya Brendaysa LD ndi "ufulu wa chinsinsi" Sd Warren a akufalitsidwa America mu 1890. Kenako, ufulu umenewu anathandiza angapo US Supreme Court precedents. khothi wavomereza linakhalapo ndipo wayika angapo kusinthidwa kwa Constitution US.

Mu nthawi nkhondoyo, mu makumi asanu ndi ufulu wotetezedwa angapo mapangano lonse, mayiko ambiri pa dziko lapansi. The USSR m'gulu mndandanda, ndipo kenako Russia, imene ndi ufulu wa chinsinsi ndi kukuteteza boma.

lamulo malamulo

Mu Russia, ufulu umenewu amayesedwa 23, 24 ndi 25 Nkhani ya malamulo. Malamulo olamulira kuteteza ufulu wa chinsinsi lilinso ndi Civil Code, Chilamulo Federal "Pa Data Personal" ndi mapangano angapo lonse. Choyamba tikulankhula ndi Universal Declaration of Human Rights, ndi European Convention on Human Rights, Pangano la International pa ufulu Political.

Umphumphu wa moyo akulondali Art. 137 wa Code Wachifwamba la Russia.

kafukufuku

Mu Russia ndi ufulu moyo kusanthula pa monographic mlingo M. N. Maleinos, IL Petruhin konstitutsionistami IM Huzhokovoy ndi G. B. Romanovsky.

The ufulu wa chinsinsi sangathe yekha m'njira zolamulidzwazo potsata mwambo, ndi kokha pa khotilo. IM Huzhokova anatchulapo kusiyana malamulo Russian, malamulo Constitutional la Chilamulo Federal "Pa State wa Emergency" ndi zenizeni ano. Iye anafotokoza kuti pa mapepala ndi ufulu umphumphu wa banja, kutanthauziridwa monga kosamugonjera malire. Ndipo ichi ndi chifukwa cha molakwa wake pa kukhazikitsa njira Western.

absolutism Hobbes

Mu poyera kuti akugwirizana wololera Hobbes anthu ndi kupereka ufulu onse kwa thupi lake ndi makhalidwe a anthu amene amasankha mwayekha lapansi. Ndikuganiza iwo mphamvu zochita zake zonse. Absolutism Hobbes kumatha mfundo limodzi: monga poyera kuti akugwirizana Cholinga pa zitetezeke, nzika za mfumu ya sangathe kulamula kuti adziphe.

Locke oyenerera alimi wamba monga mgwirizano ndi, kupulumutsa moyo, ufulu, ndipo chuma. mawu awa anatumikira monga chitsanzo cha mfundo, m'gulu la American Chikhazikitso cha wodzilamulira: "Timagwirizana ndi choonadi zoonekeratu kuti anthu amabadwa ali ofanana. Timazindikira kuti munthu wapatsidwa ndi Mlengi wawo ndi ufulu kwachikhalire, mu mndandanda womwenso ndi ufulu, moyo ndi chikhumbo cha chimwemwe. " Wodziwa kwambiri pa mlingo ngati mkulu, ufulu moyo Komabe, popanda chifukwa.