The chipangizo mfundo za ntchito ya stabilizer zimachitika voteji

Ntchito yachibadwa za magetsi banja amafuna voteji khola. Monga ulamuliro, malfunctions zosiyanasiyana kumachitika mu maukonde. Voteji ku 220 V akhoza angapatutsidwe, ndi zolephera zimachitika chipangizo. Kugwa choyamba pansi nyali nkhonya. Ngati tikulingalira zipangizo m'nyumba, inu amavutika matelevizioni, zida wailesi ndi zipangizo zina kuti ntchito ku AC mphamvu.

Imeneyi, kuthandiza anthu akubwera kusintha yang'anira voteji. Sizim'vuta kupirira kudumpha kuti zidzachitika tsiku ndi tsiku. Ambiri nthawi yomweyo nkhawa mmene pali voteji madontho, ndi chimene iwo ali oyanjana. Akudalira makamaka pa katundu thiransifoma lapansi. Pakali pano, chiwerengero cha zipangizo zamagetsi m'nyumba ndi likunena kuwonjezeka. Chifukwa, kufunika kwa magetsi ndithu kukula.

Tiyeneranso adzanyamula kukumbukira kuti nyumba zokhalamo angathe kuikidwa zingwe, zomwe zakhala akale. Nayenso nyumba Kulumikizana nthawi zambiri, si choti kwa katundu wolemera. Kuteteza zipangizo mu nyumba, ayenera kukhala bwino ndi stabilizers chipangizo voteji, ndi mfundo za ntchito zawo.

Kodi stabilizer?

Makamaka kusintha voteji yang'anira akutumikira monga maukonde Mtsogoleri. mitundu yonse iyi iwo inamva ndi inathetsedwa. Motero, zida amalandira voteji khola. Mu atomu kusokonezedwa stabilizer amadziwikanso n'komwe, ndi pa ntchito zipangizo sangathe yosokoneza. Choncho, maukonde kamakhala kuchotsa accelerations, ndi milandu madera lalifupi ndi pafupifupi mulibemo.

Zida yosavuta stabilizer

Ngati tikambirana mfundo zimachitika panopa stabilizer voteji, ndiye anaika yekha transistor wina. Monga ulamuliro, iwo akugwiritsidwa kokha kusintha mtundu, monga amaonedwa aluso lero. Chifukwa, kothandiza Mwachangu chipangizo akhoza kwambiri anamuukitsa.

Zofunika chinthu chachiwiri cha zimachitika voteji stabilizer akhoza kutchulidwa diodes. Mu chiwembu lililonse angapezeke zosaposa mayunitsi atatu. N'zokhudza ndi mzake kudzera fulumizitsa lapansi. Ntchito za masiku onse transistors ndi Zosefera zofunika. Iwo anaika pa chiyambi ndi mapeto a unyolo. Pankhaniyi ulamuliro unit udindo capacitor lapansi. mbali yofunika imatengedwa kuti ndi resistor wogawira.

Kodi ntchito?

Malinga mtundu chipangizo, ndi opareshoni mfundo stabilizer zimachitika voteji siyana. Poganizira chitsanzo muyezo, tikhoza kunena kuti panopa woyamba umagwiritsidwa ntchito transistor lapansi. Pa nthawi imeneyi kumachitika asinthe. Komanso, ntchito monga diodes, amene ali ndi udindo kufala mbendera condenser lapansi. Pamene ntchito Zosefera, mu atomu kusokonezedwa zidzachotsedwa. Capacitor pa mfundo iyi smoothes voteji fluctuation ndi inductor panopa mwa resistive wogawira amabwerera transistors kwa akatembenuka.

zipangizo amamwa

Pangani kusintha voteji yang'anira ndi manja awo monga zotheka, koma iwo adzakhala nayo mphamvu pang'ono. Pankhaniyi, resistors ndi ambiri. Ngati inu ntchito kuposa wina chipangizo transistor akhoza kukwaniritsa Mwachangu mkulu. Ntchito zofunika pankhaniyi kukhazikitsa Zosefera. Zikukhudzira tilinazo chipangizo. Poyankha, kukula kwa chipangizo si zofunika.

Stabilizers ndi transistor limodzi

Kusintha yang'anira DC voteji waluso wa mtundu uwu akudzitamandira ndi dzuwa la 80%. Aliyense ntchito mode chimodzi chokha, ndipo akhoza kulimbana ndi kokha kusokonezedwa pang'ono mu maukonde.

Lumikizanani nafe Pankhaniyi palibe kwathunthu. Transistor muyezo zimachitika voteji stabilizer dera ukugwira ntchito popanda wokhometsa. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, capacitor voteji yomweyo anadyetsa lalikulu. Mbali ina ya chida cha mtundu ofooka chizindikiro. amplifiers zosiyana zidzayenera vutolo.

Chifukwa cha zimenezi, mungathe kukwaniritsa transistor ntchito bwino. The resistor chipangizo mu unyolo ayenera kukhala wa wogawira voteji. Pankhaniyi zidzatheke pofuna kukwaniritsa ntchito bwino chipangizo. Monga magalimoto Mtsogoleri mu dera kusinthitsa yang'anira ali DC voteji ulamuliro unit. mchitidwe uwu angathe kufooketsa, ndi kuwonjezera mphamvu transistor. chodabwitsa chikuchitika mwa inductors, diodes olumikiza dongosolo. Katundu pa Mtsogoleri wa ukulamulidwa kudzera Zosefera lapansi.

Stabilizers kiyi mtundu voteji

Mtundu uwu wa zimachitika voteji yang'anira 12b dzuwa ndi pa 60%. The vuto lalikulu ndi kuti sangathe kulimbana ndi zododometsa mu atomu. Pankhaniyi zipangizo ndi mphamvu kuposa 10W ali pa chiopsezo. Modern deta chitsanzo stabilizers akhoza kudzitama malire voteji 12 V katundu resistors Choncho kwambiri wofooka. Choncho, pa njira kwa capacitor voteji akhoza kwathunthu mtima. Pomwepo pafupipafupi m'badwo panopa akupezeka linanena bungwe. Avale wa capacitor mu nkhani iyi ndi kochepa.

Vuto lina chokhudzana ndi ntchito capacitors yosavuta. Ndipotu, anali woipa kwambiri. Vuto lonse ligona mu mpweya mkulu-pafupipafupi zimene zimachitika mu maukonde. Kuti athetse vutoli, opanga ayamba kuikidwa pa zimachitika voteji stabilizer (12 Volt) electrolytic capacitors mtundu. Motero, khalidwe la pangakhalenso ntchito bwino ndi kuwonjezera mphamvu chipangizo.

Kodi Zosefera ntchito?

Mfundo ntchito sefa muyezo inamangidwa pa mbadwo chizindikiro chimene umaperekedwa kwa Converter ndi. Mu chipangizo imeneyi poyerekeza ndi adamulowetsa. Pofuna kuthana ndi kusinthasintha zikuluzikulu maukonde, sefa ayenera kukhala mayunitsi kulamulira. The linanena bungwe voteji akhoza ankawachotsera.

Pofuna kuthana ndi vuto kusinthasintha waung'ono zinthu fyuluta ali kusiyana wapadera. Ndi icho, voteji amapita ku malire pafupipafupi saposa 5 Hz. Mu nkhani iyi, ali ndi ubwino chizindikiro, komwe kamapezeka pa linanena bungwe la kachitidwe.

The kusinthidwa chitsanzo chipangizo

Zolemba malire katundu panopa pa mtundu amaona kuti 4 A. Lowetsani voteji capacitor angathe kukonzedwa kwa zosaposa 15 V. The chizindikiro athandizira panopa ndi zambiri osati choposa 5 A. ripple Pankhaniyi kukhala matalikidwe osachepera mu maukonde zosaposa 50 MV. M'menemo pafupipafupi akhoza anakhalabe pa 4 Hz. Zonsezi pamapeto pake kukhudzanso zabwino Mwachangu wonse.

zitsanzo za stabilizers mtundu pamwamba Current kulimbana ndi katundu m'dera la 3 A. Mbali ina ya kusinthidwa izi zikhoza kukhala anaitanitsa kusala ndondomeko kutembenuka. Ichi ndi chifukwa cha mlili wa ntchito transistors mphamvu kuti ntchito ndi mosalekeza panopa. Chifukwa, izo zitakhala zotheka ziziyenda linanena bungwe mbendera. Pa linanena bungwe la kusinthitsa diode ali Komanso adamulowetsa mtundu. Iwo anaika mu dongosolo pafupi mfundo ndi voteji. Losses ndi kuchepetsedwa kwambiri pansi Kutentha ndipo uwu ndi mwayi bwino mtundu wa stabilizers.

zitsanzo zimachitika-m'lifupi

Kugunda kusintha voteji yang'anira wa mtundu uwu ali ndi dzuwa la 80%. The oveteredwa panopa ndi kusagonja pa 2 A. The chizindikiro athandizira voteji avareji 15 V. Choncho, linanena bungwe panopa ripple ndi otsika kwambiri. Chinthu chapadera mwa zipangizozi angatchedwe luso ntchito mode dera. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, n'zotheka kupirira katundu mpaka 4 A. Mu nkhani iyi, madera yochepa zimachitika kawirikawiri.

Mwa zolakwa ndi tisaiwale throttles, amene kupirira voteji wa capacitor lapansi. Potsilizira pake, zimenezi zimapangitsa kuti avale mofulumira resistor lapansi. Kuthana ndi vutoli ofufuza amati ntchito zambiri iwo. The capacitors mu maukonde nthawi yomweyo ayenera kulamulira opaleshoni pafupipafupi chida cha. Pankhaniyi, izo zimakhala zingatheke kuthetsa mchitidwe oscillation, imene stabilizer Mwachangu ndi inachepetseratu.

Kulimbikira mu dera la kuyenela n'komwe. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, asayansi anaika resistors wapadera. Nawonso diodes angathandize kusintha lakuthwa mu unyolo. mode olimba ndikoyambitsidwa kokha pamene panopa malire chipangizo. Pofuna kuthana ndi vuto transistors, ena amagwiritsa kutentha njira kuchotsa. Pankhaniyi, kukula chipangizo kwambiri kuonjezera. Chimalepheretsa kwa dongosolo ntchito Mipikisano njira. Mawaya Mwaichi zambiri kutenga yakuti "kusoka". Iwo anapatsa magnitoprivod womwe wapangidwa chikho mtundu. Komanso ali ndi mchitidwe monga ferrite. Pakati pa iwo ayenera kenako anapanga kusiyana kwa osapitirira 0.5 mm.

Stabilizers kwa zoweta ntchito yabwino kwambiri wakuti "VD4". katundu panopa, iwo amatha kupirira kwambiri chifukwa kusintha molingana mu kukana. Pa nthawi iyi, resistor adzakhala kulimbana ndi yaing'ono alternating panopa. Athandizira voteji chipangizo ndi advantageously anadutsa Zosefera wa mndandanda HP.

Monga stabilizer ndi kupirira ripple ang'ono?

Woyamba zimachitika voteji yang'anira 5b adamulowetsa kutsegula wagawo amene chikugwirizana ndi capacitor lapansi. mawu onena gwero panopa Choncho Apite mbendera comparator lapansi. Pofuna kuthana ndi vuto la ntchito kutembenuka akulowa DC mkuzamawu. Choncho, munthu athanso kuwerengera pazipita matalikidwe kusinthasintha.

Komanso, mwa inductive yosungirako panopa ukufika pa kusinthitsa diode. Kuti athandizira voteji ndi khola, pali fyuluta pa linanena bungwe. Reserve pafupipafupi motero mwina zimasiyanasiyana. Katundu transistor angathe komabe munthu pazipita mpaka 14 kHz. The inductor mlandu voteji mu kumulowetsa. Ndiyamika ferrite panopa akhoza kukhazikika pa siteji koyamba.

Mosiyana apambane stabilizers mtundu

Kugunda sitepe-mmwamba voteji yang'anira amakhala ndi capacitors wamphamvu. Pa ndemanga iwo kutenga katundu lonse yekha. Maukonde nthawi yomweyo ayenera udzakhazikitsidwe galvanic kudzipatula. Iye mayankho kokha kuonjezera malire pafupipafupi dongosolo.

Komanso, chinthu chofunika angatchedwe chipata, limene lili kumbuyo transistor lapansi. Current amalandira ku gwero mphamvu. Pa linanena bungwe la ndondomeko kutembenuka limachokera ku fulumizitsa a. Pa nthawi imeneyi, a condenser aumbike munda mu atomu. The transistor Choncho analandira apuma voteji. ndondomeko umayamba mndandanda inductance.

Diodes panthawi imeneyi sizikanakhala zotheka kugwiritsa ntchito. Chinthu choyamba fulumizitsa amapereka voteji pa capacitor, ndipo kenako transistor atumiza kwa sefa ndi pa fulumizitsa kachiwiri. Chifukwa ndi maganizo a. Zimachitika bola ziziyenda ndi voteji pa unit kulamulira. Izi zidzathandiza iye anapereka diodes, amene alandira chizindikiro kwa transistors ndi capacitor stabilizer.

Mfundo zikugwira ntchito zipangizo inverting

Dongosolo lonse inversion amagwirizana ndi kutsegula kwa Converter ndi. Kusinthitsa voteji AC voteji wa transistor ndi gated wakuti "BT". mbali inanso ya mapeto akhoza kutchulidwa resistor amene oyang'anira ndondomeko oscillatory. Direct kupatsidwa ulemu ndi kuchepetsa malire pafupipafupi. Pa polowera pali 3 Hz. Pambuyo akatembenuka njira transistor akutumiza mbendera capacitor lapansi. Potsilizira pake kuchepetsa pafupipafupi angathe awiri. Kuti kudumpha anakhala zochepa kuonekera, muyenera chopatsilira wamphamvu.

Fundo mu ndondomeko oscillatory amadziwikanso n'komwe. chizindikiro ichi ndi pazipita analola mlingo wa ohms 10. Apo ayi diodes chizindikiro transistor sadzatha popereka. Vuto lina lagona kusokonezedwa maginito, akupezekera pa linanena bungwe. Pofuna kukhazikitsa zosiyanasiyana Zosefera, chimalepheretsa ntchito mndandanda wa "NM". Katundu pa transistors chimadalira pa katundu capacitor. Pa linanena bungwe ndi adamulowetsa magnitoprivod, stabilizer amene amathandiza kuchepetsa kukana kuti chilemba ankafuna.

Kodi kutsitsa stabilizers?

Kugunda sitepe-pansi voteji yang'anira nthawi okonzeka ndi condenser "KL" zino. Pankhaniyi, iwo akhoza kwambiri kuthandiza ndi mkati chipangizo kukana. amapereka mphamvu ndi zosiyanasiyana za lonse anazindikira. Wapakati kukana chizindikiro fluctuates padziko 2 ohms. Chifukwa umboni wa pafupipafupi ntchito ayenera kukhala resistors, amene olumikiza unit ulamuliro akutumiza mbendera chopatsilira wa.

Gawo la katundu ndi chifukwa cha njira kudziletsa kupatsidwa ulemu. Apo izo poyamba anali mu capacitor lapansi. Chifukwa Kuchepetsa pafupipafupi maganizo ndondomeko angathe kukwaniritsa ena zitsanzo 3Hz. Pankhaniyi m'munda mu atomu mu dera la magetsi ziribe mphamvu.

amapereka mphamvu

Childs, amapereka mphamvu ntchito maukonde 220 V. Mu nkhani iyi, zimachitika ku yang'anira voteji angayembekezere Mwachangu mkulu. Kutembenuza mwachindunji panopa ankaona wa transistors mu dongosolo. Mphamvu tiransifoma mu amapereka mphamvu kawirikawiri ntchito. Izi zimadalira chifukwa leaps lalikulu. Komabe, m'malo amachita anaika rectifiers. The magetsi lili yake dongosolo kusefera, amene limakhazikitsa ndi voteji malire.

Chifukwa kukhazikitsa mfundo kuwonjezeka?

Kufutukuka zimfundo mu ambiri a milandu, kusewera ndi sekondale udindo stabilizer. Iwo olumikizidwa kwa kusintha zimachitika. Makamaka kupirira transistors izi. Komabe, ubwino wake ndi mafupa kuwonjezeka aliko. Pankhaniyi, zimadalira zimene zipangizo olumikiza gwero mphamvu.

Kulankhula pa wailesi, pano akusowa njira yapadera. Kumakhudzana ndi Phokoso zosiyanasiyana zomwe zazindikirika mosiyana chipangizo chotero. Pankhaniyi, zimfundo kuwonjezeka amatha kuthandiza transistors mu malemba voteji. Khazikitsa Zosefera zinanso unyolo, monga ulamuliro, vuto si bwino. Komabe, iwo amatsogolera Mwachangu lapansi.

Kuipa galvanic interchanges

Galvanic decoupling anasiyira kufala chizindikiro pakati pa zinthu zofunika kwa dongosolo. vuto yaikulu angatchedwe kudzitamandira wabodza wa voteji athandizira. Izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri ndi zitsanzo akulu stabilizers. Opha sangathe msanga pokonza mfundo ndi kulumikiza ntchito ya capacitors lapansi. Chifukwa, diodes ndi amakhudzidwa choyamba. Ngati dongosolo kusefera wayikidwa akhale resistors mu dera, iwo unachita kutentha.