Thar chipululu: chithunzi, nyama dziko. Ali Thar chipululu?

Lero, alendo ambiri ndi apaulendo amakonda kukhala India, ndipo zimenezi n'zomveka. Ndipotu, mmodzi wa zopatsa chidwi kwambiri zachilengedwe imatengedwa ngati chinthu Thar chipululu, amene ali m'dera la kumpoto chakumadzulo India (Rajasthan ndi ena) ndi kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Pakistan. Ndi mmodzi wa kuli anthu ambiri kachitidwe zamoyo zachilengedwe zotero padziko lonse.

Za malo a Thar Chipululu mbali yake yapadera, nyama ndiponso zomera zosiyanasiyana, mungaphunzire ndi kuwerenga nkhaniyi.

zambiri

Great chipululu nalo dzina lake, malinga n'kunena kwa Baibulo lina, mawu Tahl, kutanthauza mu chilankhulo m'dera "lokwera la mumchenga." Phula ndi opangidwa wapadera dera dziko. Iye si chifukwa cha zochitika zachilengedwe.

Thar chipululu adanyamuka monga chotsatira cha zaka, mwatsoka, khalidwe zopanda nzeru ndi zosayenera anthu a ntchito za ulimi, kuyambira nthawi ya chitukuko wakale wa Indus ndipo mpaka pano.

Thar chipululu: chithunzi, malo, malongosoledwe

Phula umatchedwanso Great Indian chipululu. Pa gawo la madera a Haryana, Rajasthan, Gujarat ndi Punjab chimafikira ambiri a iwo. Pakistan, anthu a m'chipululu amatchedwa njira yake - ". Cholistan chipululu"

Malo okwana m'chipululu uli woposa 300 sq M.. makilomita, kutalika kwa kutalika - 800 Km, m'lifupi - 485. Pakati zitunda angapo mu malo awa ngakhale nyanja yaing'ono. Nthawi zina kudera louma zimachitika ndi chimphepo. Phula - chokha n'chimene m'chipululu India.

Kuchokera kumpoto chakumadzulo iwo okha Sutlej Mtsinje, kum'mawa - mapiri Aravalli, kum'mwera - mchere m'madambo Kachsky Rann, ndi kumadzulo - wotchuka mtsinje Indus.

Pafupifupi theka la malo awa ndi miyala pamiyala, mpumulo - sandstones ndi milu ndi milu. Achikondi ndi takambiranazi Thar chipululu.

dziko nyama

Malowa zodabwitsa siziri chimodzimodzi wofatsa nyengo. Koma, ngakhale, pali mwachilungamo zazikulu ndi zinyama. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa kuli anthu ambiri chipululu.

Kuli zosiyanasiyana kwambiri zomera ndi nyama zamoyo amene anatha kuti azolowere zinthu poipa kwambiri zachilengedwe ndi nyengo okhala.

The Thar chipululu lili choyamba ndi wapadera malo apulumuke zolengedwa ambiri osiyanasiyana ndi Hardy.

Mwa nyama moyo pano mitundu otsatirawa a nyama insa Indian, nkhandwe, mimbulu chipululu mphaka, nilgai ndi nkhalango mphaka. mitundu awa inafalitsidwa mu eponymous malo osungirako. m'dera zachilengedwe amapereka kukongola chilengedwe moyo ndi kupulumuka mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya abuluzi, makoswe chipululu, njoka ndi zina zamoyo.

M'madera ambiri a paki ndi zabwinobwino ndi achabe anali pamaso a nyama chochititsa. Thar chipululu - malo a abuluzi wakale ndi sikunachitekepo lero michira spiky. The zokwawa ambiri ndi njoka pano, erycinae ndi makoswe njoka.

masamba dziko

Monga nyama, zomera chipululu kupulumuka bwino kuchipululu Indian, kusinthasintha kwa chilengedwe m'malo ovuta. Masamba a zomera angathe kuchepa m'dera kukula kuchepetsa evaporation cha chinyezi kuchokera pamwamba.

Ambiri mwa zomera tchalitchi si tsamba - yekha zimayambira kukula ndi masamba ochepa, amene amapulumutsa madzi opatsa moyo. zidule izi kulola zomera osatha kupirira nthawi ndi nthawi ya chilala.

nyengo

The Thar chipululu ali ndi subtropical chokhala ndi nyengo. Ambiri mwa mpweya m'madera amenewa kugwa kuchokera July kuti September (pa dzinja yamvula) ndipo May ndi June nthawi zambiri adatengedwa ndi mikuntho fumbi.

kulimbana zimagwirira

Ambiri nyama za m'chipululu anayamba njira zawo kupulumuka wotere.

Iwo kuchepetsa ntchito nthawi otentha: kubisala mchenga kapena madzi mthunzi zomera ang'ono. Komanso, m'madera amenewa, ngakhale kutentha wokwera mpweya ndi pamwamba otentha a dziko lapansi, nyama m'manda mu mchenga masentimita ochepa zokwanira omasuka ngakhale pa tsiku yotentha.

Ambiri a anthu a malo osungirako (nkhandwe, abuluzi, amphaka, njoka, etc.) Kudziko kamakumba una. Ndipo ntchito yawo pachimake mu maola oyambirira kapena pa dontho kutentha pamene dzuwa akuyamba anapereka.

Pali nyama monga insa, amene, chifukwa kukula, sangathe kubisala kwa kutentha kapena mu dzenje kapena mthunzi. Koma amatha kupirira kuwonjezeka thupi kutentha pamwamba yachibadwa mpaka madigiri zisanu ndi ziwiri, popanda mavuto umoyo. Nyama zimenezi zikhoza kukhala popanda madzi kwa masiku angapo, kudyetsa okha zomera wobiriwira ndipo zokolola za masamba akusowa chinyezi.

mbali Geological chiyambi

The Thar Chipululu ndi chidwi ndi chidwi ku mfundo za miyala ya view. Pali maganizo oti mbali chirengedwe ili ku malo kumene anali kunyanja ya nthawi Triassic. Yasowa, m'mene zinalili zaka 25 miliyoni, koma m'malo panali zidutswa yekha wa zomera unayambira ndi zinyama kuti apezeka madipoziti thanthwe m'madera ambiri a chipululu.

Patapita zaka mamilioni angapo, m'dera anakhala nyanja kachiwiri. The sandstone ndi Miyala chigawo a mafupa Aamoni Jaisalmer apezeka anasunga kuchokera kalelo. Mu nthawi ya Cretaceous (pansi) m'dera anakula nkhalango zobiriwira. Mu mochedwa Cretaceous ndi oyambirira Cenozoic nthawi (zaka miliyoni 63 zapitazo) nyanja kachiwiri analanda m'madera amenewa. Anasonkhanitsa pansi pa dziwe akhala wakale zolengedwa zachilengedwe ndipo anayamba m'mbuyo kuwonongeka awo ndi maziko mapangidwe chimasanduka (makamaka mafuta) ndi mpweya m'dera lino.

Pali chidwi kwambiri m'mudzimo Thar chipululu - Akal. Unayambira mitengo anasunga mu madera ozungulira ndi pafupi Jaisalmer, ndi makombo a Mumapezekanso ndi nkhalango kuti asangalala pano kumayambiriro Jurassic nthawi (pafupifupi mamiliyoni 180 zaka zapitazo) monga zomera chachikulu. Pakali pano, pafupifupi 25 makungwa mantha a mitengo pabwalopo ali alembedwera oyambirira malasha Akal. Mtengo waukulu kuno, malinga anapezazo, panali kutalika pafupifupi 7 mamita.

Pomaliza

Amazing impregnated ndi mzimu lachinsinsi ndi nzeru ya East India amakopeka apaulendo ambiri ochokera konsekonse lonse. dziko lino wotchuka kwambiri osati chifukwa cholowa chikhalidwe, wolemera dziko ndi chipembedzo cha makolo, zazikulu, wapadera zakudya, komanso wokongola, wapadera chikhalidwe, ndithu mbali yaikulu chimene tafotokozazi Indian chipululu.

Motero, iye anapita ku India, makamaka, m'chipululu chodabwitsa, kuona ake okhala ndi zomera wapadera wapadera, akutama lalikulu ake, wodzaza makilomita ambiri mchenga thambo, sitiyenera kuiwala kuti mukusowa tcheru kwambiri ndi mosamala ndi dzikoli, chikondi chenicheni ndi kumusamalira.