St. Demetrius la Rostov: yonena, mabuku pemphero. Moyo wa St. Dmitriya Rostovskogo

Chimodzi mwa akulemekezedwa Orthodox oyera ndi Dmitriy Rostovsky. Iye anatchuka kwambiri makamaka chifukwa chakuti anali odziwika "Miyoyo ya Oyera." Wansembe uyu anakhala mu nthawi ya kusintha kwa Peter Wamkulu ndipo ambiri anagwirizana nawo. Komabe, woyera kwambiri anakaniza boma kulowelera mu zochitika za mpingo ndi mapeto a moyo wake anapita ndi anthu Tsarevich Alexei.

ubwana

Orthodox woyera wotchedwa Dmitry Rostovsky anabadwa m'nyengo yozizira ya 1651 m'mudzi wapafupi wa Kiev Makarov. Anamutchula Daniel. banja lake anali wodzipereka kwambiri, ndipo anakula Mkhristu wodzipereka. Mu 1662 makolo ake anasamukira ku Kiev ndipo anapita kukaphunzira pa Kyiv-Mohyla Collegium. Apa iye bwinobwino anaphunzira Latin ndi Greek, komanso nambala ya sayansi zachikhalidwe. Mu 1668, wofatsa, thanzi ofooka, Daniele anakhala wansembe mu obisika Kirillov ndi wotchedwa Dmitry dzina lakuti. Kumene kumakhala Amonke kumvera adatola mu 1675.

A mlaliki wa Mawu a Mulungu

Mu 1669 Dmitriy Rostovsky, amene yonena mwadzaza zosiyanasiyana zochitika, anali odzipereka mu ierodyakona. Mu 1975, Bishop Lazar Baranovych anamuitanitsa kuti Chernigov ndi odzipereka unsembe, woikidwa mlaliki pa Cathedral wa Akukwera Cathedral. Choncho wotchedwa Dmitry bambo anapita Slutsk ndi Vilna, kumene ambiri ntchito kwa ulemerero wa Mulungu. Pasanapite nthawi ndi kutchuka kwake ngati mlaliki wodziwa kwambiri, nthawi zambiri anayamba kuitana mphamvu ndi wauzimu. Pambuyo pa imfa ya bwenzi lake, mlengi Slutsky obisika mmonke Skachkevicha anabwerera kwawo - mu Ruthenia mu Baturina.

Igumenstvo ndi chiyambi cha ntchito pamoyo wake

The Little Saint wotchedwa Dmitry Rostov ankakhala obisika mu Baturin. Koma posakhalitsa, anasolola chidwi bishopu wa Chernigov. Mu mlaliki 1681 30 wazaka anakhala abbot ya agulupa Maksanovskogo, ndipo patapita kanthawi - Baturyn. Mu udindo uwu wotchedwa Dmitry bambo anakhala motalika kwambiri. Mu 1683 anasamukira ku Kiev-Pechersk Lavra. Apa mu 1684 Oyera anayamba ntchito yaikulu ya moyo wake - kukafola "Chetih-Oyera." Patapita nthawi iye anaika rector yachiwiri Baturyn obisika. Koma mu 1692 iye kamodzinso anasamukira ku Kiev. Ndiponso, sequentially kutumikiridwa Abbot Glukhovski, Kirillov ndi Eletski (Chernigov) mchitidwe umenewu. Mu 1700 iye anaitanidwa kuti Moscow, kumene anakumana koyamba ndi Peter Wamkulu, ndipo anasankhidwa Metropolitan la Rostov. Kudzipereka anapangidwa March 23, 1701.

Metropolitan la Rostov

Mu 1703, Dmitriy Rostovsky, amene yonena asanafe wakhala akugwira ndi kudza kwa iwo, anafika pa siteshoni latsopano ntchito. Apa iye anakumana ndi mavuto ambiri, wamkulu amene anali phukusi la mphamvu boma zokhudza parishi ya. Atatsala pang'ono poika bambo wotchedwa Dmitry mumzinda linakhalanso kuti kumene kumakhala Amonke, ulamuliro wa chuma mpingo, akuyang'anira Chimonko ndi almshouses. Ndi zosasangalatsa kwambiri Rostov St. anakantha komanso coarseness ndi umbuli osati wa anthu wamba, komanso mpingo. Ansembe sanafunse akulemekezedwa oyera, mtima ananyozedwa kwa osauka, kuulula za mobisa wa chibvomerezo ndi zina zotero. Kuona ngati nyansi, bambo wotchedwa Dmitry mwachangu anayamba kukonza vutolo. Iye anapereka malangizo, pofotokoza tanthauzo la ansembe, anapereka ulaliki kwa anthu.

Mmodzi wa nkhawa chachikulu chinali sukulu kwa ana a atumiki a Mpingo ndi osauka. Maphunziro apa anali mwamtheradi mfulu. Poyera Metropolitan wotchedwa Dmitry sukulu, komanso Kiev, anaphunzitsa Greek ndi Latin, amaonetsa chuma ed. Ophunzirawa woyamba mpanda wake mu 1706. Mwatsoka, yemweyo masika sukulu chinatsekedwa.

October 28, 1709 wotchedwa Dmitry Rostovsky bambo anamwalira. Iye anaikidwa mu Cathedral wa Rostov, pafupi kuloŵedwa m'malo - Woyeretsedwa Joasaph. drafts mabuku ake yosatha anayesedwa chifuniro cha Metropolitan mu m'bokosi. Pa maliro a woyera anafika mfumukazi Paraskeva Feodorovna - ndi amasiye mkazi wa Tsar Ivan, m'bale wake wa Petro.

Zotsalira za oyera

Mu 1752, mu Cathedral ku tinaganiza kuti akonzetsere. M'kupita kwa kukhazikitsa pa September 21 pa pansi akukonzekera chinapezeka osabvunda thupi bambo wotchedwa Dmitry. Chinali chozizwitsa chenicheni. Makoma mu manda achinyezi. St. thundu bokosi ndipo apeza mu mpukutu kwathunthu lawola. Thupi la choyeretsetsa, ndi kolona wake, miter ndi sakkos anali wosabvunda.

Patapita nthawi, zotsalira za oyera zinachitika mozizwitsa ku matenda ambiri, monga inauzidwa Synod. Mwa dongosolo la yamasika kukula phindu ndi Archimandrite Simonovskiy Gavriil Metropolitan Suzdalskiy Silvestr. Iwo nidzitamandira pa mphamvu ya machiritso ndipo iwo amachita. April 29, 1757, Metropolitan Rostovskiy wotchedwa Dmitry anali m'gulu la anthu oyera.

May 25, 1763 zotsalira za St. ankatembenukira mu kachisi siliva, kumene iwo ali lero. khansa zinapangidwa ndi dongosolo la Mfumukazi Catherine Wachiwiri, amene anatenga kwa malo unsembe mu munthu, pamodzi ndi makolo woyera.

"Miyoyo ya Oyera" Dmitriya Rostovskogo

Bukuli lalembedwa mu nthawi woyera wa zaka 20. Chifukwa ndi ntchito m'mavoliyumu 12. Limafotokoza moyo, zozizwitsa ndi ungwazi ya ambiri a oyera kwambiri Akhristu. "Chetyi minei" kulankhulana. Wotchedwa Dmitry anayamba kumangiriza onse Orthodox, amene akufuna kutsatira njira ya kupembedza.

Nkhani m'buku lino akufotokoza dongosolo la miyezi ndi masiku iwo. Choncho dzina "Oyera" (m'Chigiriki. Per mwezi). "Anthu" mu mpingo "werengani", "kuwerenga." Analemba "Miyoyo ya Oyera," Atate wotchedwa Dmitry anali mbali ya Labor Macarius. Pa nthawi, Oyera angapo (Hieromonk Herman Tulumova, Chudovsky, Ionna Milyutina, etc.) anazindikira mu Mpingo Orthodox. Komabe, "Miyoyo ya Oyera" Dmitriya Rostovskogo ali ambiri amene amapatsidwa ulemu ndi wamba. bukuli analembedwa mu woyenera kwambiri Church Chisilavo.

mabuku ena St.

Wina ntchito odziwika ndi Metropolitan la Rostov "Fufuzani Brynskikh chikhulupiriro." Bukuli ukuperekedwa okhulupirira Old. Ntchito imeneyi ndi wosiyana kwa "Oyera", izo sizinali bwino kwambiri. iye Old Okhulupirira, ndithudi, si mtima koma funde la udani chifukwa cha iwo.

Komanso, Saint Dmitriy Rostovsky mwachangu kutolera mfundo mbiri m'dera lake ndi dziko lonse. Mwachitsanzo, anagwira mbiri drafting wa anthu Asilavo. Iye analemba mabuku ngati "ulimi wothirira akubera", "Nkhani pa m'chifaniziro cha Mulungu mwa munthu," "m'mimba", "Chidule cha ofera", "Russian metropolitans m'ndandanda." Adzaupereka kwa cholembera chake, ndipo mitundu yonse ya mapemphero ndi malangizo.

Mpingo. Dmitriya Rostovskogo mu Ochakovo

Mu Russia, ambiri akulemekezedwa oyera. Dmitriy Rostovsky, ndithudi, ndi m`modzi wa iwo. Kudzipereka kwa iye ndi akachisi ambiri. Mwachitsanzo, ngati dongosolo ali Ochakovo. Mu 1717 panali anamanga mpingo matabwa ndi odzipereka mu ulemu wa Wodalitsika Namwali Mariya. M'chaka cha 1757 m'mudzi zinasintha manja. Anamanga pafupi ndi mtengo watsopano Adamanga kachisi m'dzina Metropolitan wotchedwa Dmitry. mpingo uno watsikira kwa ife pafupifupi sichinasinthe. Linamangidwa mu kalembedwe wokongola wa Baroque Russian. Ndi refectory chikugwirizana ndi kachisi belu nsanja yayitali.

Mbiri ya Mpingo wa St. Wotchedwa Dmitry wolemera kwambiri. Mu 1812 panali moto Ochakovo. Pankhaniyi, akale matabwa tchalitchi cha Virigo Woyera pamoto. Anagula mu chaka chomwecho m'mudzi Ekaterina Naryshkina mwambo m'malo anaganiza kutsegula mpingo wake watsopano umene ndi kumangidwanso wina zigawo zawo. mpingo wodzipereka mu ulemu wa Utatu Woyera ndipo mwina zimachitika mpingo wa St. Wotchedwa Dmitry.

Mu 1926, nyumbayi achipembedzo pa chisankho cha akuluakulu linatseka. Amadziwika kuti mu 1933, Dmitriya Rostovskogo kachisi anali kusinthidwa kwa kusungiramo mbewu ndipo anali osasamalika kwambiri. Kandachime naye chitapasulidwa, ndi wina wa gables ndi utoto nyenyezi zisanu zisonga, yomwe kenako achotsa zinali zovuta kwambiri.

Mu 1972, mpingo anaganiza kukonzanso. Ntchito watha pafupifupi 6 zaka. Mu 1992 Dmitriya Rostovskogo Temple anabwerera kwa okhulupirira. Anthu Orthodox amene mukufuna kukaona mpingo wakale ayenera kupita ku Moscow pa msewu , General Dorokhov, etc. 17.

Kachisi Dmitriya Rostovskogo nawo. chabwino Hawa

mpingo uno anali opatulidwira polemekeza Dmitriya Rostovskogo, linamangidwa mu 1824 mu kalembedwe zachikhalidwe. Dome cylindrical ake korona chimphika. Anamanga pafupi belu nsanja yake surmounted ndi spire wokongola chithunzi.

Mu 1882 sukulu linatsegulidwa mu wophunzitsa mpingo Lyutitskim. Mwalamulo, pakati pa 1930 ndi 1990, mpingo uno ankagwiritsidwanso ntchito yosungira tirigu. Komabe, pali komanso inanena kuti tirigu mu nyumba umenewu konse kusungidwa. anthu achipembedzo kumbukirani kuti mu zaka 1954-1962 mpingo uziyenda ngakhale ndi chiswa yaing'ono (chifukwa ansembe zokwanira).

Mu 1990, Mpingo Dmitriya Rostovskogo mu Kumanja Hawa anadutsa m'dera, kenako linakhalanso ndi atsogoleri a chipembedzowo lapansi. Mkati kachisi osungidwa mozizwitsa zotsalira za zojambula pakhoma, komanso chimango cha iconostasis lapansi. Kuyambira September 2010, pali wansembe vv Kolyadin. Pa nthawi, mpingo uno wakale, mwa zina, chinthu cholowa chikhalidwe ndi mbiri yakale wa dera Voronezh.

Pemphero Dmitriyu Rostovskomu

Dmitriy Rostovsky, amene anali wolungama, ndi pambuyo pa imfa yake akupitiriza kuteteza okhulupirika onse a ndifotokoze mavuto. Awangiswa nthenda, mwachitsanzo, n'zotheka osati kuti amalambira zotsalira za woyera mtima. Zozizwitsa ndi imatengedwa pemphero odzipereka kwa iye. Yeniyeni ya angapezeke mu mabuku mpingo. Iwo umapita motere:

"The Holy Great Martyr Hristov wotchedwa Dmitry. Kukaonekera pamaso pa Mfumu ya Kumwamba, kupempha chikhululukiro cha machimo athu ndi kuwomboledwa kwa wathu zilonda vsegubitelnoy, moto ndi chilango chamuyaya. Kupempha chifundo chake pa mpingo wathu ndi parishi, komanso kulimbitsa zabwino zimene timachita zimasangalatsa Yesu Khristu. Tidzakhala amphamvu ndi mapemphero anu, sadzalowa ufumu wa kumwamba, kumene lagwa ndi Atate ndi Mzimu Woyera. "

Pomaliza

Dmitriy Rostovsky, pemphero limene akhoza kuchiritsa matenda afika kutali ndi achipembedzo ali chitsanzo chabwino kwa Akristu onse Orthodox. Lero ndi mmodzi wa oyera kwambiri akulemekezedwa. Nthawi zambiri, akupita ku matenda m'mapapo mwanga. Ena amakhulupirira kuti pemphero ili Oyera kungatithandize kuchotsa mitundu yonse ya mavuto diso.