Soprano ndi ... Liwu lachikazi loimba

Desdemona ndi Salome, mfumukazi ya ku Shamahanskaya ndi Yaroslavna, Aida ndi Cio-chio-san, komanso mbali zina zambiri za opaleshoni zinalembedwa kwa oimba nyimbo za soprano. Ili ndilo liwu lapamwamba kwambiri la nyimbo , yomwe ili ndi octaves awiri kapena atatu. Komabe, zikhoza kukhala zosiyana kwambiri! Tiyeni tiyesetse kuona momwe mawu a mkazi wamtali uyu aliri mwapadera.

Kodi amayi akuimba nyimbo zotani?

Mitundu yayikulu ya mawu a amayi ndi awa:

• Contralto;
• Mezzo-soprano;
• Soprano.

Kusiyanitsa kwawo kwakukulu ndikumveka kwapadera, komanso mtundu wa maimidwe, zomwe zimaphatikizapo katundu monga kukwanira, kuunika ndi mphamvu ya mawu, munthu aliyense payekha.

Choncho, soprano ndi mawu apamwamba ndi mawu osiyanasiyana a octaves awiri, kuchokera ku Do 1 mpaka 3.

Mitundu

Mu miyambo ya sukulu ya nyimbo za ku Russia, ndizozoloŵera kusiyanitsa mitundu itatu ikuluikulu ya mawu a soprano:

• Chithunzi;
• Chodabwitsa;
• Chilichonse.

Komanso, pali mitundu iwiri ya soprano - lyric-coloratura ndi lyric-zodabwitsa. Tiyeni timvetse kusiyana kwa pakati pa mitundu yonseyi.

Liwu limodzi ndi "zokongoletsera"

Umu ndi m'mene mungatchulire mawu apamwamba kwambiri a akazi - coloratura soprano. Anatchulidwa dzina lake chifukwa chokongoletsa mosavuta mtundu wa coloratura - zokongoletsera zapadera. Chitsanzo cha maonekedwe a coloratura ndi chikondi cha Alyabyev chotchedwa "Nightingale", pomwe adasankha mutu waukulu wa ntchitoyo. Chifukwa cha zithunzi za coloratura soprano, zithunzi zosaoneka bwino komanso zosewera zimawoneka pa siteji monga Zerlina mu Don Juan kapena Lyudmila a ku Ruslan ndi Lyudmila a Glinka. Zopambana zodabwitsa za mawu awa nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga maonekedwe osangalatsa ndi osangalatsa, monga Swan Princess, Snow Maiden ndi mfumukazi ya Shamahanskaya m'makina a N. Rimsky-Korsakov kapena Dolls ochokera ku Hoffman's Tales ndi Jacques Offenbach. Zopweteka za mawu a soprano awa ndi akuti oimba sangathe kupanga ziwalo zazing'ono. Odziwika bwino kwambiri ndi a Diana Damrau, Christina Deitek, Cecilia Bartoli, Svetlana Feodulova, Olga Pudova.

Soprano yochititsa chidwi

Liwu losaoneka kwambiri, lolemekezeka kwambiri mu nyimbo, popeza woimbayo akhoza kuchita pafupifupi mtundu uliwonse - kuchokera ku coloratura kupita ku mezzo-soprano. Liwuli ndi lolimba, "lalikulu" mukulingalira ndi kulemera kwa zinthu zowonjezereka, zomwe zimamulolera kuti ayambe kudutsa mwayimba ndi orchestra. Munthu wosadziŵa akhoza kumusokoneza mosavuta ndi mezzo-soprano. Zotsalira za mawu okongola ndi olemera awa ndi zithunzi zojambula ndi ntchito sizimapezedwa ndi osewera onse (chifukwa cha mtundu wowawa wa mawu). Mukhoza kumva soprano zodabwitsa m'magulu oterewa:

• Abigail wochokera ku "Nabucco" ndi G. Verdi;
• Aida ndi La Traviata kuchokera ku operas yomweyo;
• Yaroslavna a "Prince Igor" Borodin ndi ena.

Liwu ili linali lodabwitsa Maria Callas, komanso wotchuka wotchuka kwambiri monga Anita Cherkvetti, Astrid Varnay, Jesse Norman, Gena Dimitrova. Masiku ano, soprano yochititsa chidwi imamvekedwa mu ntchito ya Galina Gorchakova, Maria Guleghina, Anna Shafazhinskaya, Irina Gordei, Eva Marton, Leontin Price, Eva Genser.

Lyrical Soprano

Liwu ili, lomwe lili ndi mawu ofewa, ndilolumikiza ndi lotseguka kwambiri kuposa soprano yodabwitsa. Amagwiritsira ntchito soprano pamagulu opangira ntchito, kumene kuli kofunika kusonyeza chikondi, chikondi ndi chifundo, mwachitsanzo, ku phwando la Natasha Rostova kuchokera ku Prokofiev's War ndi Peace kapena Tatiana Larina kuchokera ku Eugene Onegin ndi P. Tchaikovsky. Mzindawu ndi wa Kiri Te Kanava, Tarja Turunen, Renee Fleming, Daniel DeNise, Amanda Rukroft, Kallen Esperian.

Nyimbo yamakono ya soprano ndi mawu omwe amagwira ntchito kuyambira kuyambira woyamba mpaka wachitatu, omwe amadziwika ndi kuwonetsetsa kwa chiyambi. Mosiyana ndi coloratura, soprano iyi imakhala ndi mawu omveka bwino, omwe amamveka pulezidenti wa Tsarina Volkhova wochokera ku Sadko Rimsky-Korsakov kapena Antonina wa Ivan Susanin ndi Glinka. Oimba ndi mau awa amapatsidwa maudindo okondwa komanso osewera, chifukwa "mitundu" yapamwamba imakhala yosatheka kwa iwo ndipo amasonyeza chisoni, kupweteka, kuvutika kapena nkhanza ndi njira zomveka. Lyric-coloratura soprano inali yotchuka kwa Antonina Nezhdanova, Diana Petrinenko, Elizabeth Shumskaya, Galina Oleynichenko, Lyudmila Zlatova. Masiku ano Monserrat Caballe, Dilber Yunus, Elena Terentyeva, A. Solenkova akuyimba nyimbo iyi.

Soprano yodabwitsa kwambiri, malinga ndi deta ya mwiniwakeyo, ikhoza kukhala yodabwitsa komanso yomveka. Zithunzi zomwe zimakhala pa siteji ndi oimba omwe ali ndi mawu ngati amenewa, ndizozidetsa nkhawa ndi zowawa. Monga lamulo, awa ndi atsikana kapena atsikana omwe maonekedwe awo amatha kuwonetsedwa ndi mawu amphamvu a woimba, monga, Kuma kuchokera ku "The Enchantress" ya Tchaikovsky kapena Tamara wochokera ku "Demon" ya Rubinstein. Kawirikawiri, soprano yodabwitsa imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zithunzi za akazi achikulire kapena maudindo achikhalidwe. Mawu a mtundu umenewu ndi a Raina Kabaivanska, Galina Gorchakova, Teresa Stratas, Lydia Abramova ndi ena.