Sergei Paradjanov: yonena, filmography ndi moyo

Sergei Paradjanov - wapadera kwa wotsogolera Soviet-nyengo. Ngakhale Soviet kuti sangathe adzatchedwa, chifukwa ntchito yake yonse yayikulu sadalenge njira iliyonse zokomera kukhala okhulupirikabe kwa mapeto a munthu chikhalidwe choona - malingaliro, mtima, mkati mawu. Art munthu lodabwitsali anali mtengo wapatali kwambiri mu moyo, mtundu wa mpatuko, umene mosakayika kulambiridwa.

zaka zoyambirira

M'nyumba yaing'ono ku likulu la Georgia - Tbilisi - adabadwa pa tsogolo odziwika wotsogolera ndi screenwriter Sergei Paradjanov. yonena lake chimayamba January 9, 1924, pamene otopa yaitali kuzunzika Fuko mayi ndi kuwaika manja a mtanda kakang'ono kulira. Mnyamatayo adakula ndipo anali osangalala, monga ngati kanthu ankafunika. bambo ake anali mmodzi wa anthu olemera mu mzinda wake, anali ndi bizinezi yapamwamba ndipo ambiri kugwirizana otchuka. Makamaka, iye anali unyolo masitolo zosowa zakale ndipo ngakhale anakwanitsa kutsegula mahule pa dzina osokoneza kwambiri - ". Banja Pakona" Mayi mwachangu anathandiza bambo ake ndi zochita zake zonse: zinali iye amene asankhidwa ndodo kwa mahule wotukuka. Atsikana, ndi njira, anali kunja kwa France.

Zaka "dispossession" sanataike pa akulu Parajanov. Iye anataya ambiri mwa makampani awo bwino, koma malonda zosowa zakale, amene ali cholowa, anakhoza kumupulumutsa. Iye modzipereka ankayembekezera mwana wake udzapita mapazi ake. Koma Sergei motsimikiza kuti akufuna kulowa Railway Akatswiri.

Studies pa University of

Ndi kutchulidwa Luso luso popanda lusolo ncholinga sayansi, ndi mphamvu ya Engineering mwachidule anaphunzira SERGEY. Parajanov patapita zaka zitatu zinalephereka kulimbana ndi sayansi lubwe akadali anatembenukira kwa luso. Kwa nthawi anaphunzira pasukulu ya Tbilisi, koma nkhondo itatha mu 1945 anasamukira ku Moscow. Bambo anga adayesetsa kumuuza Iye, koma sanathe: mwana anafunitsitsa kukhala ndi filmmaker, ndi kulowa likulu la VGIK.

Monga wophunzira, Sergei anakonda Moldavanka ndi Chitata mizu - Nigar. Anakumana ndi miyezi yochepa, kenako mobisa m'banja. Koma banja linali lalifupi ndi zomvetsa chisoni. Banja mtsikana anali okhwima miyambo za makolo akale ndipo miyambo: kuphunzira kuti mayi popanda chilolezo cha banja kukwatiwa anabwera Parajanov acimuuza dipo. Sergei analibe ndalama, bambo, kukwiya kwa mwana wothawa sanali kukongoza iye ndi Nigar anakana kusiya mwamuna wake ndi kubwerera ku chifuwa cha m'banja. Aukali abale anadza kwa mtsikana osaweruzika, malinga ndi miyambo yakale, - anaponya chake m'sitima.

ntchito Early

Sergei Paradjanov, wina moyo kuchokera pa chiyambi analephera, anatumiza mphamvu ndi mphamvu malangizo kulenga. Mu 1952 anamaliza maphunziro a wotsogolera Igor Savchenko, odziwika ndi kulemekezedwa ntchito ya luso la nthawi. dipuloma yake anali chithunzi cha "Chimoludaviyani nthano" imene maphunziro mphukira m'mbuyomo chaka. Monga kanema chachikulu, ndiyeno panali filimu kuwonekera koyamba kugulu la Parajanov "Andries", anajambula mu 1954 ku situdiyo Dovzhenko. Ndi mkati mwa mpanda wa bungwe ili m'tsogolo zinalengedwa wotsogolera ntchito yaikulu.

Kudziwa zonse zakutchire-Chitata, miyambo Moldova, SERGEY adanyerezera pyakukhonda akazi ndi mizu kalelo. Choncho, mkazi wake wachiwiri anali wamba Chiyukireniya Sveta Scherbatyuk. Patapita zaka zitatu za wosatsutsana ndi mtendere banja, mkaziyo anamuberekera mwana wamwamuna - Suren. Ngakhale kuti banjali anayang'ana ukwati wosangalatsa awo odukaduka mwamsanga 1961. Mkazi nthawi zonse wanena kuti chifukwa cha chisudzulo chinali chikhalidwe Parajanov: Creative anthu ambiri zinthu mwachirendo, unpredictably, ndipo ngakhale misala.

korona wa chilengedwe

Iwo, kumene, anali filimu "Mthunzi wa Makolo Kwaokha". Pambuyo kanatuluka mu 1964 pa nsalu yotchinga kwambiri, nthawi yomweyo otchedwa katswiri, ndi Sergei Parajanov anatchuka kwambiri. Chithunzi anagunda zimamvekera nyama, miyambo chiwawa, zachilengedwe namwali, chikondi mavuto kuwala chisoni. Chilengedwe cha fanizo ili nzeru zaumunthu, bwinobwino zinapatsira ndi zolinga achipembedzo, Tinadabwa kwa anthu otsutsa. Ndipotu, pamaso pa chithunzi Sergei zaka 10 yogwira m'munda wa mafilimu a kanema, koma pakali ntchito yake sanalonjeze munthu mokweza kutchuka ndi kuzindikira lonse.

"Mthunzi ..." anali amenewa. Achititsa mantha. The leitmotif wa nkhani ya zomvetsa chisoni nkhani yachikondi ya Ivan ndi Marichka anali kusewera "Romeo ndi Juliet". Ndicho yekha mosiyana ndi ntchito za Shakespeare mutu udani kubadwa pano kuphwera kumasula malo kwa kufotokoza za moyo wa Hutsul, chikhalidwe ndi miyambo yawo. Zachilendo chithunzi ukasintha wosiyana onse anajambula mu Soviet Union. Nayenso anali yaikulu bwino padziko lonse: anazindikira pa zikondwerero filimu Italy, Argentina ndi mayiko ena.

"Mtundu wa makangaza" ndi mafilimu ena

Koma izi zikayenda kulenga Parajanov sinathe kumeneko. Mu 1967 anaitanidwa Yerevan situdiyo, kumene anatengedwa chithunzi za kwambiri Chiameniya ndakatulo Sayat Nova. Iwo ankatchedwa "Mtundu wa makangaza" ndi luso chake molambalala ngakhale "Mthunzi wa Makolo Kwaokha". Mu izo, aliyense chimango amanyamula tanthauzo, mitundu amakhala achidule kwambiri, ndi zopanda moyo kusewera ndi ndime ndi zisudzo ndi. Mufilimuyi angayerekezedwe ndakatulo, kumene zilembo kulankhula mu mafanizo ndipo ankachitika zithunzi wodzazidwa ndi kumverera ndi kunyamula uthenga maganizo. Ndipo ngati "Mthunzi wa Makolo Kwaokha" - korona wa mkulu chilengedwe, "Mtundu wa makangaza" - kukwaniritsidwa kwa moyo wake.

Kuwonjezera zojambula awiri, nthawi zinapezeka kuti malizitsani ntchito Sergei Paradjanov: wotsogolera filmography zikuphatikizapo 16 mafilimu. The 50s adaona kuwala "Chimoludaviyani nthano", "Andries", "Natalia Uzhviy", "Golden Manja", "Dumka" ndi "munthu woyamba". Mu 60s, ndi Sergei ntchito pa "Rhapsody Chiyukireniya", "Flower pa mwala", "Mthunzi wa Makolo Kwaokha", "Kiev frescoes", "Hakob Ovnatanyanom", "Ana - Komitas" ndi "Mtundu wa Makangaza". Patapita zaka khumi hiatus chifukwa kuvutitsidwa ndi kumangidwa pa zowonetsera kunja "Bakuman wa Surami Linga", "Arabesque pa Pirosmani" ndi "Ashik Kerib".

Akundichitira ndi kumangidwa

Chikhalidwe cha wopanduka anali Sergei Parajanov: mafilimu zinali zosemphana ndi dongosolo alipo, ubale ndi mkulu wa mphamvu Soviet si nthawi zonse kuyenda bwino. Ngati ife kuwonjezera kwa ichi yakufuna mobwerezabwereza ku utsogoleri wa chipani ndi pempho kwa kutha kwa kuzunza otchuka chikhalidwe ndi sayansi, n'zomveka N'chifukwa chake "oipa" kuti Communist Party osankhika. Kachitsotso wotsiriza unali siginecha ya kalata Sergeya Paradzhanova anzeru amene mu 1968 zionetsero zandale.

Chifukwa mkulu nzika yogwira anakhala fupa mu mmero mphamvu. Mu 1973, kuleza mtima wake Nditatsegula ndi Parajanov akakhale zaka 5 m'ndende. M'nkhaniyi tiona anasankha "zonyansa" kupanga kaphatikizidwe awo mix oyaka - kugonana ndi chiwawa. chifukwa panali mawu ndi mkulu kwa atolankhani Belgium, iye anati udindo wake akwaniritsa atsogoleri ambiri phwando. Zikuonekeratu kuti anali nthabwala kapena fanizo, koma akuluakulu kufufuza mawu amenewa kwa chinamwali mlanduwu unali wokwanira.

Moyo atamasulidwa

Motsogoleredwa ndi Sergei Paradjanov anali mu vuto kwambiri: Nkhani imene anakhala, osati amalemekezedwa akaidi M'malo mwake, ndimanyozera iwo. Chifukwa cha ichi, munthuyo anali ndi nthawi yovuta pa woyendera nthambi. The ray kokha kuwala mu gawo iri la moyo wake unali amasulidwe mwamsanga pa pempho angapo aluso otchuka, amene anakonza Zionetsero lonse. Louis Aragon yekha, dziko wotchuka French wolemba pandekha wopita kwa Brezhnev kupempha Amnesty Parajanov. Mu 1977, wotsogolera inakhazikitsa, pamene kuwaletsa iye n'kumakagwira ntchito m'dera la Ukraine. Parajanov anapita kwawo mbiri - mu Tbilisi, kumene anapitiriza ntchito pa situdiyo "Georgia-Film". Kenako anatenga awiri kwambiri mbali kutalika mafilimu.

Pankhani lathu la kugonana kwa amuna m'masiku athu maganizo a mbiri kutsutsana. chakuti munthu si kungonena kufooka kwake kwa kugonana wamphamvu. Koma kodi provocateur ichi, ozunguza kusangalala? Ngati ife kuganizira nkhani za anzake, ndiye wapangidwa ziwiri manambala moyo Parajanov. Iwo anati pamisonkhano olowa anadzitama nkhondoyo latsopano amorous akazi chachikazi, umanena kuti kunyengedwa ndi wojambula wamng'ono. Ngakhale comrades mpaka mapeto sanaone malire pakati zopeka ndi choonadi.

m'zaka zaposachedwapa

Kumapeto kwa moyo wake mumzinda wakwawo anabwera SERGEY Parajanov. Wambiri ya wotsogolera, ndipo anali gawo lake kulenga, kudzamalizira kulowa kumene anayamba - mu Tbilisi. Kenako anajambula ntchito yake atsopano - zoyankhulidwa Mihaila Lermontova "Ashik Kerib". Fanizo za phunziroli lochitira ndi kukhala ndi chikondi chachikulu kwa wotsogolera pang'ono autobiographical. Pambuyo Parajanov anasamukira ku Armenia. Pano ku Yerevan, mu mwapadera anamanga nyumba, anamwalira khansa ya m'mapapo. Izo zinachitika pa July 20, 1990. Pa nthawi kuti ntchito pa kanema "kuvomereza," lomwe, mwatsoka, analibe nthawi kumaliza. Kenako, mthunzi oyambirira kukhala mbali ya kanema za moyo wa wotsogolera "Parajanov: The Spring Last".

Lero, SERGEY Iosifovich nyumba anakhala kowonera zakale. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa malo anafika ku Yerevan. Ndipotu Parajanov analibe nthawi kuti azikhala. Ngakhale zili chomwechi, makoma a nyumbayi limatulutsa mphamvu yake. Alendo kuyendera deta yake wachuma wa collages ndi zojambula, kusiya nyumba ndi chidaliro chonse kuti wolemba awo - wamatsenga, talente woona ndi wanzeru misala.

Memory za Parajanov

Iwo samangokhala anamusilira akazi Soviet Union, komanso atsikana ochokera m'mayiko. Dziko wotchuka French nyenyezi Katrin Denov Sergei wotchedwa wotsogolera wanzeru kwambiri nthawi zonse. Anaulula anamusilira amapha kukongola, mmodzi wa mkazi wanzeru kwambiri mu Russia ndi Europe - Lily Brik. Amuna komanso analipira msonkho kwa talente. Mwachitsanzo, Andrei Tarkovsky, ngakhale chikhalidwe katundu, kwambiri kulemekezedwa Parajanov. Iye ankakonda ataye nthawi kampani yake. Kunyada kwambiri ndi aliuma, woyamba anamutcha kukonza msonkhano wina. Kudana ndi makampani phokoso, anadwala chifukwa cha mnzawo, amene anali wamisala za mapwando mokweza ndi kupeza limodzi.

Great Federico Fellini ndi kutikonda kwambiri wotsogolera nyimbo. Monga chizindikiro ulemu, anam'patsa maso ake ndi ena zojambula. SERGEY Parajanov ndikanafuna kuti anachita ndi kupereka wakuda veleveti chobvala, koma kutero analibe nthawi. chovala anafuna Fellini, wotsogolera, ndipo anaikidwa m'manda. ganizo limeneli linapangidwa ndi mphwake - Georgy Paradjanov. Achibale amene amalume ikulu inacemerwa idler ndi tiziromboti, zaka kenako waluntha filimu za wakwawo wa Sergei I. - Tbilisi - pansi udindo ophiphiritsa "Aliyense wapita ..."