Re-kuwerenga zapamwamba: "Mkaidi wa Caucasus" Tolstoy - mwachidule nkhani ndi ntchito

Lva Tolstogo pachabe ankaona kwambiri makamaka, "wamkulu" wolemba. Kuwonjezera "Nkhondo ndi Mtendere," "Kuuka" ndi ntchito zina zovuta, iye analemba mndandanda wa nkhani ndi nthano ana, anali ndi "ABC" pa zomwe anaphunzitsa kulemba wamba ana. Nthano "Mkaidi wa Caucasus" ali m'gulu izo ndipo amakhala ndi chidwi chofanana ndi mibadwo yonse kuchokera kwa anyamata ndi atsikana a zaka za m'ma 19 mochedwa lero.

Polemba chinenero ndipo ikani mankhwala mu Wolemba

"Mkaidi wa Caucasus" Tolstoy, mwachidule zomwe tikambirana ofufuza kuitanira nkhani yaing'ono kapena nkhani yaikulu. Chisokonezo mtundu wanyimbo chikhalidwe ntchito zokhudzana ndi miyeso ake sanali muyezo, ambiri otchulidwa, mizere angapo nkhani ndi mikangano. monga wolemba yekha kumatanthauza kuti "nkhani yochitika" mwachitsanzo, Nkhani ya leni zinachitika zochitika ndi zochitika. kanthu Nkhani chikuchitika mu Caucasus, pankhondo ndi mapiri a. Tikumbukenso kuti mutu wa wolemba sanali anamaliza ndi "Mkaidi wa Caucasus" Tolstoy (mwachidule mwachidule motere pansipa) - osati mankhwala kugwirizana nazo. "Cossacks" ndi "Hadji Murad" amagwiritsidwanso zoyenera za kumenyana nkhondo, ndi peculiarities ubale pakati pa anthu a zikhalidwe ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, ndipo muli kuzipenya zosiyanasiyana komanso zithunzi zokongola. Kusindikizidwa nkhani anali mu 1872, mu "Dawn" magazini. Kuyambira Soviet ndi lero ndi mbali ya curricula sukulu ya mayiko ambiri Union.

Mbiri ya chilengedwe

ndi "Mkaidi wa Caucasus" Tolstoy chiyani? Chidule akhoza chilamulira chikhalidwe ndi zochitika zenizeni, omwe anakhala Tolstoy ophunzira. Iye anatumikira mu Caucasus, anali membala wa kumenyana ndi kamodzi pafupifupi analandidwa. Pang'onong'ono Tolstoy ndi mnzake Sado, ndi mitundu Chechen. Zomverera anakumana ndi iwo pa ulendo, ndipo anapanga maziko nkhaniyo. Monga dzina, ndiye kumayambitsa mayanjano ena zolembalemba. Makamaka, kum'mwera chikondi ndakatulo ndi Pushkin. Komabe, "Mkaidi wa Caucasus" Tolstoy (mwachidule nkhani amapereka chithunzi thunzi chokwanira za njira kulemba) amatanthauza ntchito ziriri, koma chogwirizana "zosowa" kukoma mu ankaona bwinobwino. Ndi ponena ngakhale mwatsatanetsatane ofunika. Wandiweyani kutsogolera Ufumuyo zofunika kwambiri kuyambira Zinali chitsanzo cha prose lake latsopano, mtundu wa kuyesera m'munda wa chinenero ndi kalembedwe. Choncho, ndikumutumiza ntchito Nikolayu Strahovu kutsutsa kumupempha kulabadira nkhani ya ntchito.

Nkhani ndi zilembo

Kotero, kodi ife anauza Tolstoy ( "Mkaidi wa Caucasus")? Chidule cha buku akhoza limafotokozedwa mwachidule mu storylines angapo. Osauka Russian kapitawo Zhilin kutumikira linga kutali amalandira mayi mkazi wokalamba kalata yopempha iye kuti abwere kunyumba patchuthi, svidetsya. Kupempha chilolezo, iye pamodzi ndi katundu wa watumidwa ulendo. Ndi Zhilin amapita limodzi kapitawo zambiri Kostylin. Pamene sitimayo limayenda pang'onopang'ono, msewu yaitali ndi otentha tsiku, abwenzi asamachite kudikira chithandizo ndi kugonjetsa wotsalawo yekha. Kostylin ndili ndi mfuti, kavalo pansi zabwino komanso ngakhale anagwidwa maso a mapiri, adzakhala wokhoza zisamakuchitikireni. Komabe, chifukwa ndi woyang'anira kostylinskoy ndi alonda wamantha akugwidwa. makhalidwe awo mu umphawi wadzaoneni, akupereka chithunzi choonekera bwino za chikhalidwe ndi mtundu wa aliyense. Kostylin Georgia a mayiko ena komanso mofanana amphwayi, aulesi internally. Popeza ali mu vuto, iye wasiya yekha kwa zinthu, tulo kapena grumbles, anadandaula. Pamene Chitata afunika alembepo anapemphanso kuti awomboledwe, ngwazi akamakwaniritsa zinthu zonse. Iye ali chabe, phlegmatic, wopanda ogwira ntchito iliyonse. chinthu pagona - Zhilin. Iye azimvetsa Tolstoy. "Mkaidi wa Caucasus" (mwachidule akhoza kufotokoza tanthauzo la dzina) ndi dzina lake mu owala, khalidwe ndi protagonist, ngwazi woona. Pofuna kuti katundu mayi mangawa ake, Jilin anasaina kalatayi cholakwika, kugonjetsa nzika za ulamuliro m'mudzi ndi ulemu, kupeza chinenero ndi mtsikana Dina ndi iwiri bungwe kuthawa. Iye sasiya mtima, kulimbana ndi zinthu, iwo sasiya ndi comrade. Strong-wofuna, amphamvu, akhama, olimba mtima, Zhilin afika ake. Ndi kotero si mantha kupita pa reconnaissance. Ndi munthu odalirika, losavuta Russian khalidwe, amene nthawizonse zakhala pafupi ndi chidwi wolemba.

Ilo liri mu chithumwa umunthu Zilina, chotchedwa nkhani, kuphweka ndi kufupika kwa chinenero pagona chinsinsi cha kutchuka yaikulu nkhaniyo.