Propanoic acid. Thupi ndi mankhwala katundu. The ntchito, chitetezo pa ntchito.

Propanoic asidi (maina ena - metiluksusnaya asidi, usawonongeke E280, asidi propionic) - ndi madzi ndi caustic popanda mtundu malodorous. Iwo ali zotsatirazi mankhwala chilinganizo: C2H5-COOH.

thupi katundu wa asidi propionic:

1. limatsogolera kutentha ndi -21 °.

2. The kuwira mfundo ndi 141 °.

3. The mfundo kung'anima ndi 54 °.

4. Unyinji molar wofanana 74,08 magalamu / Mole.

5. Kuyembekezera zinthu muyezo, ndi madzi colorless.

6. kutentha poyatsira ndi 440 °.

Chemical katundu asidi propionic:

1. miscible ndi madzi (H2O) ndi mankhwala ndiponso.

2. A propane asidi - lililonse woimira zidulo carboxylic zimalimbikitsa. Akhoza kupanga esters galogenagidridy, amides, ndi zinthu zina.

History of anapeza propanoate

mankhwala anafotokozedwa koyamba mu 1844 ndi Johann Gottlieb, amene anampeza pakati pa katundu shuga kudzitsitsa. Ndiye, pa nthawi akatswiri ena asidi ili linakonzedwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana, mosazindikira, izo yotengedwa pa pawiri chomwecho. Mu 1847, Jean-Baptiste Dumas anapeza kuti zinthu kale analandira anali asidi womwewo umene iye anafotokoza mmene propanoic asidi, mmene chilinganizo - C2H5-COOH.

Kodi njira yodalirika propanoate chiyani?

Mu chikhalidwe propanoic asidi anapeza mu mafuta.

Makampani, thunthu opangidwa kudzera Reppe carbonylation ya ethylene kuti anachita monga chochokera mu makutidwe ndi okosijeni wa chimasanduka, othandizira makutidwe ndi okosijeni wa propane aldehyde pamaso pa ayoni manganese kapena cobalt.

Komanso, ambiri asidi metiluksusnoy akhoza akamagwira kubala asidi acetic, koma njira zamakono chotenga izo zichitike mwanjira imeneyi kuti gwero sekondale asidi propionic.

mankhwala akhoza kukhala okonzekera ku kuwonongeka kagayidwe kachakudya la amino zidulo ndi zidulo mafuta amene ali wosamvetseka chiwerengero cha maatomu mpweya.

Pakhale mabakiteriya asidi propane wa mtundu Propionibacterium (mapeto mankhwala a kagayidwe awo). mabakiteriya amenewa akupezeka mu dongosolo m'mimba ya ruminants, ndi chifukwa cha zochita zawo mu tchizi Swiss ali yake wapadera kununkhira.

asidi Propionic

Iwo esters ndi mchere.

Zamchere ndi zamchere-lapansi salt bwino sungunuka m'madzi (H2O), musati kupasuka mu mankhwala ndiponso.

Esters wa mankhwala bwino sungunuka (H2O) madzi koma miscible ndi mankhwala ndiponso.

ntchito

Asidiyu ntchito milandu zotsatirazi:

- kupanga gerbetsidy (mwachitsanzo dihlorprol, propanol), mankhwala (fenobolin, ibuprofen), ena zipangizo mafutawo (linaloil-, phenyl-, geranil-, benzyl propionate) zosungunulira (butyl-, pentyl-, propyl propionate), mapulasitiki ( polivinilpropionat), surfactants (glycol ethers) ndi vinilplastifikatorov;

- kuchokera asidi propionic kumabwezera mmbuyo kukula kwa mabakiteriya ena nkhungu, kuti ochuluka ntchito monga usawonongeke chakudya kwa onse anthu ndi nyama. mankhwala ntchito mwachindunji kwa asidi nyama propionic kapena ake mchere (ammonium propionate), ndi zinthu zimene chopangidwa kwa munthu pogwiritsa ntchito kashiamu (kashiamu propionate) kapena ndi sodium (sodium wochuluka propionate) kapena mchere zace.

Safety kuntchito

Kuopsa chachikulu ntchito asidi propionic - ndi amayaka mankhwala a osiyanasiyana mwamphamvu.

Mu maphunziro imachitika nyama zasayansi okha zoipa zotsatira kugwirizana ndi mowa yaitali Mlingo yaing'ono propanoic asidi anali kuoneka zilonda mu mmero ndi mmimba ilo, chifukwa ndi katundu zikuwononga wa thunthu. Iwo sanapezedwa mu kuyesera kuti asidi propionic ndi mutagenic, carcinogenic poizoni ndi zoipa kwa ziwalo zoberekera. Kamodzi mu thupi, tiganizire chinthu oxidizes mofulumira zimapukusidwa ndipo kenako outputted mu mawonekedwe a mpweya woipa.