Ng'anjo zam'ng'anjo: makulidwe, makhalidwe, ndemanga ndi ndemanga

Kufalitsa ng'anjo, mbuye aliyense ayenera kukumbukira kuti zonse zomwe zili mu nkhaniyi zimaphatikizapo, kuphatikizapo ubwino wa nkhaniyo, komanso ntchito yowonjezera. Ngati mukufuna kuti ng'anjo ikhale yabwino, ndipo zinthu zomwe zili m'munsizi zimasungidwa ndikupereka kutentha kwambiri, ndiye simunganyalanyaze ngakhale maonekedwe ang'onoang'ono, apa mukuyenera kuphatikizapo kusankha njerwa. Choncho, musanapange ng'anjo, m'pofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti ndi zinthu ziti zomwe mungasankhe, komanso momwe ziwerengero zimayendera.

Kufotokozera za njerwa za ng'anjo

Nkhuni za njerwa, zomwe zimatchulidwa m'nkhaniyi, zingakhale malo amoto kapena ceramic. Pachifukwachi, tikukamba za zinthu zopangidwa ndi dongo wofiira, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito luso la kukotcha. Zina mwa ubwino wa nkhaniyi ndi zogwirizana ndi malamulo a boma.

Njerwa iyi ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga chimbudzi pamwamba, kumene kutentha kwa ng'anjo sikukhala kolimba kwambiri. Ngati muli ndi chidwi ndi njerwa za moto, muyenera kudziwa kuti adagawidwa mu mitundu inayi:

• Quartz;
• Basic;
• Mpweya;
• Kutsutsa chamotte.

Kufotokozera za Mitundu

Quartz imapangidwa kuchokera ku zipilala za quartz, mchenga ndi dothi lina. Zambirizi zimapangidwa ndi magnesite ndi mandimu. Ngati ndi njerwa ya carbon, imagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito teknoloji ya kukaniza graphite ndi coke crumb.

Njerwa yamakono yotchuka kwambiri masiku ano , monga maziko a nkhaniyi ndi dongo. Mukamaika moto ndi stoves, amagwiritsidwa ntchito njerwa za quotte komanso quartz. Poyerekeza pakati pa choyamba ndi ceramic block, tingadziŵe kuti opanga zitofu nthawi zambiri amasankha mankhwala a chamotte.

Ndemanga

Chophimba cha njerwa, zomwe zimatchulidwa m'nkhaniyi, zili ndi ubwino wambiri ndi zovuta zina zomwe mungaphunzire powerenga ndemanga. Zina mwa zopindulitsa ogula amatha kuzindikira luso la nkhaniyo mpaka kutentha kwautali.

Kutentha kutentha kumachitika pang'onopang'ono, komwe kumatanthauzidwa ndi kuteteza kwa nthawi yaitali kutentha kwa ng'anjo yamoto. Ogwiritsanso ntchito amadziwa zolephera, zomwe zimasonyezedwa kuti zimatha kupeza pang'onopang'ono chinyezi ndi kusunga chinyezi. Choncho, chamotte sichivomerezedwa kuti kusungirako kunja kunja.

Mfundo Zazikulu

Njerwa yamoto, miyeso yomwe idzatchulidwe pansipa, ili ndi zizindikiro ziwiri zazikulu zomwe ziyenera kuganiziridwa pakusankha mankhwala. Izi zimaphatikizapo mtundu wa chisanu chotsutsa ndi chizindikiro mwa mphamvu. Izi zimakhudza ubwino wa unit. Maliko ndi kuchuluka kwake sizisonyezero zazitali kapena zapamwamba, koma chizindikiro chomwe chimakulolani inu kuti mudziwe zinthu zotsatirazi: kukwera kwake kwawunikira kumawonekera, mofulumira njerwa idzatentha.

Njerwa za ng'anjo, kulemera kwake, kukula kwa zomwe ziyenera kukhala ndi chidwi ndi mbuye aliyense, zingakhale ndi chiwerengero chotsatirachi: Kuchokera pa 100 mpaka 500, monga miyezo yapakatikati ndi 150, 200 ndi 250. Musaganize kuti apamwamba kwambiri, ndizofunika kwambiri. Chigawo china cha njerwa chidzakhala choyenera kumangapo zinthu. Ngati mukusowa njerwa pa uvuni, ndiye kuti muyimitse kusankha kwanu pamtundu wochuluka kuposa M-250. Ngati mumakonda mankhwala ndi apamwamba, kutentha kwa ng'anjo kudzakhala kuyesa kwenikweni.

N'chifukwa chiyani kumvetsera chisanu kukana

Posankha nkhani, nkofunika kulingalira osati miyeso yeniyeni ya njerwa yamatabwa, yomwe idzafotokozedwa m'munsimu, komanso mzere wa chisanu chokanizira, womwe umapereka chidziwitso chothekera kuchira ndi kutenga chinyezi.

Chikhalidwe ichi ndi chofunikira kwa zinthu zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito popatsa chimbudzi. Kuti ntchitoyi ikhale yosankhidwa, iyenera kusankhidwa njerwa, yomwe ili ndi zizindikiro zodabwitsa za chisanu.

Miyeso ndi kulemera kwake

Pogulitsa lero mungapeze njerwa yamoto yofiira, yomwe ingakhale ndi kukula kwake. Mwachitsanzo, magawo a muyezowo amakhala ochepa pa magawo otsatirawa: 250 x 120 x 65 mm. Kutha kwa mapeto kuli ndi magawo omwewo monga mbali yambali, yomwe ili ndi miyeso yotsatirayi: 230 x 114 x 65 x 55 mm.

Ngati mukufuna kusankha mbale, ingakhale ndi mizere iwiri, pakati pawo: 460 x 230 x 75 kapena 600 x 230 x 90 mm. Kusankha kukula kwa njerwa yamoto ku chimbudzi ndi ng'anjo yokha, muyenera kusankha mawonekedwe oyenera. Pothandizidwa ndi mphete yowonjezera, n'zotheka kupanga zojambula zogwiritsidwa ntchito, pamene chidutswa chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pang'onopang'ono. Mukhoza kutseka ng'anjo pogwiritsa ntchito chitofu.

Kukula kwa njerwa yamoto kungakhale kosiyana. Motero, mfundo zofanana zimapangidwa kwautali pang'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito, ngakhale misa yodabwitsa. Pali zazikulu zina chimodzi ndi hafu ndi ziwiri za njerwa. Pachifukwa chachiwiri tikukamba za zinthu zomwe kutalika kwake kuli kuposa nthawi ziwiri kutalika kwa njerwa. Ngati mukufuna chidwi cha njerwa zofiira za theka ndi theka, muyenera kukumbukira kuti kutalika kwake ndi nthawi imodzi ndi theka lalikulu kuposa kukula kwa mankhwala.

Miyeso ndi makhalidwe a Vitebsk njerwa

Chifukwa chake akulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamtengo wapatali zokhala ndi zitsulo, zomwe zimatenthedwa bwino ndipo zingathetsedwe, ndikofunikira kumvetsera tenti ya Vitebsk, yomwe ili ndi mphamvu zokwanira.

Muzinthu zosiyanasiyana mungapeze mitundu yambiri ya mankhwala a wopanga. Mwachitsanzo, chophimba cha ceramic ya njerwa yowonongeka yomwe ili ndi 250 x 120 x 65 mm ikhoza kukhala ndi mphamvu ya 85 kapena 200. Ponena za kutentha kwa chisanu, nkhaniyi ikhoza kutanthauza F15, F25 kapena F35. Kusungunuka kwa madziwa ndi 8%, ndipo kutentha kwautentha kumasiyana mkati mwa 0.529 W / (m · K). Kulemera kwa chinthu chimodzi ndi 3.7 makilogalamu.

Miyeso ya Vitebsk njerwa njerwa zimasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa mankhwala. Mwachitsanzo, njerwa yamtengo wapatali yotchedwa ceramic yodalirika idzakhala ndi miyeso yotsatirayi: 250 x 120 x 88 mm. Kutentha kwa madzi kumasiyana ndi 13 mpaka 14%. Kulemera kwake kufika pa 4.8 makilogalamu, ndipo chipangizocho chimapangidwa molingana ndi GOST 530-2012. Pogulitsa mungapeze njerwa ya ceramic yamphamvu ndi chamfers. Miyeso yake imakhala yofanana ndi yoyamba ya milanduyi, komanso misa, komanso kutentha kwa mavitamini komanso kuyamwa kwa madzi. Njerwa imodzi yokha yochepa njerwa imodzi - 3.6 makilogalamu, koma kutentha kwa conductivity ndi kuyamwa madzi kumakhalabe chimodzimodzi, komanso kukula kwake.

Miyeso ya chimbudzi

Poyikira chimbudzi, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti miyeso yake yofanana idzakhala ndi zotsatira zowonjezera pamutu. Choyimitsa choyenera sichingakhale chochepera mamita asanu m'litali.Zina mwazosiyana, kusiyana pakati pa denga pamwamba ndi mutu ndizofunikira. Choncho, pamwamba pa chitoliro ayenera kukhala pamtunda wa mapiri kapena kukhala apamwamba kwambiri ndi mtunda wosapitirira mamita atatu. Ngati ndi denga lakuya, ndiye kuti kukwera pamwamba pazikhala 1 m kapena kuposa. Pamene chimbudzi chili ndi zipangizo , mawonekedwe a njerwa ayenera kuganiziridwa. Choncho, makulidwe a makoma ayenera kukhala 10 cm, monga nyumba zogona.

Pazitali zonse za njerwa ziyenera kuikidwa kuti malo amkati mwa chitoliro azikhala nthawi zonse. Kuyezera kwa chimbudzi kumadalira komanso kukula kwa nyumbayi. Kotero, ngati chitoliro chiri chachikulu, ndipo mukachiyika icho pa nyumba yaying'ono, ndiye chiwoneka chokongola. Kutsika kwambiri kwa njerwa kungapezeke pamene chitoliro chiri ndi miyeso ya mkati ya 260 × 130 mm. Kupanga koteroko kudzapezeka ngati mutayika mzere uliwonse wa njerwa zisanu.

Mukhoza kupeza mapaipi ndi kukula kwakukulu, izi zikugwiritsidwa ntchito ku mavuni a ku Russia omwe ali ndi portal yaikulu. Pankhaniyi, ndibwino kuti musankhe njerwa yamakolo, zomwe zimapanga kupanga gawo la 260 x 260 mm.

Kutsiliza

Zipangizozi zimatha kukhala ndi njerwa zonse, zomwe zimatchedwa M-150, izi zikufanana ndi njerwa zamoto. Gwiritsani ntchito izi mukufunikira yankho la uvuni wa dongo, ndikudzaza zonsezi. Kuthamanga kwakumapetoko kuyenera kukhala 10 mm kapena pang'ono. Pamene chitoliro chikaikidwa pamalo okwera ndi pamwamba pa denga, samenti ayenera kuwonjezeredwa ku zitsulo za matope. Posachedwapa akatswiri adalangiza kugwiritsa ntchito njerwa yoyang'anitsitsa poika mapaipi pamwamba pa denga, chifukwa chakumana ndi chisanu.