Ndi angati maola mbuzi amapereka mkaka? Ndipo kudyetsa mbuzi ndi milking wabwino

Pang'ono kuyamba mbuzi, kuganizira eni ambiri a ulimi ang'onoang'ono. Ndipotu "wamng'ono wa ng'ombe" - yabwino nyama zili. Small kukula, ruggedness, mokondwera khalidwe - makhalidwe amenewa wokongola wa nkhosa ndi mbuzi okha kuonjezera chiwerengero cha mafani wake. Kusamalira mbuzi zimakhalanso mosavuta kuposa ng'ombe, ndi bolodi nthawizonse zidzakhala Eco-wochezeka mankhwala: mkaka, cheese zofewa, chokoma tchizi. Ndipo mwinamwake, ndipo adzakhala chinachake zogulitsa, kenako kulipira ngongole kugula ena forages. Ngati tilibe mbuzi, ndi ng'ombe yaing'ono, ndiye bajeti kwambiri kudzadza. Koma amene angayerekeze kuyesa ndekha m'munda umenewu, pali mafunso zolondola. Ndi angati maola mbuzi amapereka mkaka? The chakudya iye, momwe kuyang'ana? Kodi mwayi kusankha mbuzi mkaka kugula osati adzakhumudwa?

Mtundu wa mbuzi za mkaka

Kumene, n'zotheka kuti tikhale yachibadwa outbred mbuzi, masoka, kuchuluka kwa mkaka umene umapatsa mbuzi patsiku, adzakhala 2.5, ndipo akhoza kukhala ndi malita 3. Ndi zokwanira banja la anthu 3-4. Koma chigweranso kuti ena mwa mbuzi patsiku la malita 1.5 - denga, ndi silidzachotsedwa anaikama 8 -11 miyezi pa chaka, ndi 6, ndiyeno zili nyama adzakhala opanda pake. Choncho, ngati ng'ombe zipatso ndi zofunika mwini tsogolo la ntchito yapamwamba, muyenera kuganizira kugula mbuzi mahatchi zomwe zingatipatse osati banja la mkaka, koma kubweretsa phindu. Zotani mtundu kukhala ndi zimene mbuzi adzakupatsani zokolola apamwamba?

Pa gawo la chapakati Russia, kumpoto ake ndi kumadzulo chimakhala chogwidwa ndi miyala Russian. miyezi 7-8 la mkaka wa m'mawere yogwira akhoza kuganiza kwa malita 400 600 a mkaka. mbuzi awa si lalikulu kwambiri, kulemera ndi avareji makilogalamu 35, koma palinso ena toyesa zikuluzikulu masekeli mpaka makilogalamu 55.

Gorky zimasokoneza ndi ofanana kwambiri ku Russia. Ndipo kulibe kudabwa: pambuyo pa zonse, ichi ndi chimodzi mwa offshoots ake. Anthu ambiri kupereka tsiku ndi malita 5.5, ndi mafuta zili 4.5%. Lactating miyezi 10.

Ine makamaka ndikufuna kuunikila Swiss mbuzi kuswana - Saanen. Nyama zimenezi lalikulu kwambiri: awo thupi 50-60 makilogalamu, koma pali anthu amene kulemera makilogalamu 90. Ambiri, izi mbuzi hornless (ie anafunsidwa mafunso), ndi tsitsi loyera, kaso ndi okongola. Mkaka zokolola ukufika malita 600-700 kapena 1,000 pa chaka. Iwo ali otchuka pa dziko lonse, iwo ankagwiritsa ntchito bwino Mitundu ina ku Russia, Europe ndi Asia.

Koma pali anthu a mitundu ndi mwayi: udzafunidwa chakudya ndi stabling, musati kulekerera ozizira kwambiri, monga ubweya awo alibe undercoat, ndipo ngakhale kugula mbuzi mahatchi mu Russia si kophweka. Koma kupereka ambiri Métis, amene linapereka thoroughbred lapansi. Komabe, mbuzi mkaka ndi amenewa, ndi adzawalange zaphindu, makamaka chifukwa chakuti ali zambiri ndinazolowera nyengo yathu nkhanza.

Kodi kusankha mbuzi

Kugula nyama wamkulu, kumbukirani kuti, kuwonjezera pa makhalidwe ake mkaka, n'kofunika kuti anali wamkulu. Chonyezimira malaya, khungu yosalala zolimba, wolimba mitundu - zizindikiro zake bwino. Yopangidwa proportioned thupi, lonse pachifuwa, molunjika, yotundumukira kunja kwa mpanda nthiti ndi anazungulira m'mimba, wamphamvu molunjika miyendo - onse ikunena angathe lapansi la nyama. Inde, diso kudziwa zenizeni mkaka zokolola ndi mbuzi sangakhale ndi tsiku, ndi bwino kuchita zokolola ndalama kuunikira kwa masiku angapo. Koma potengera kuzionetsetsa kunja, n'zothekanso kuti mumakumbukira nthawi zina. Mu mbuzi ndi zabwino udoyami buku zotanuka udder mawonekedwe a ozungulira kapena peyala woboola pakati, tsitsi lake coarse pa si pano, komanso kumanga-ndi oipa. Kudzera pakhungu translucent mitsempha mkaka. Pamodzi m'mbali mwa makutu amenewa ili: a mtundu wa "chitetezo" wa udder pa nkhani za kuwonjezeka kuchuluka kwa mkaka.

malo kwa

Mbuzi ayenera akhale okonzeka ndi chipinda osiyana. Ndi bwino ngati ichi adzakhala anakhetsa anamanga mu malo ouma wa matabwa, njerwa dzenje, dongo kapena zidina. Khalani mbuzi ndi nkhuku, nkhumba sayenera, chifukwa cha mbalame iwo matenda ndi tizilombo khungu, ndipo nkhumba fungo ndi bwino analekerera.

Kutalika akadakwanitsira wa denga mu khola - mamita 2, ndi denga otsika kungakhale kovuta kuti mwini, ndi apamwamba chopinga wabwino magetsi. zenera aikidwa molondola pa dzuwa mbali ndi kutali ndithu ndi pansi, chifukwa cinyama izo.

The simenti mu mbuzi zofunika kuchita: Nkhanizi ndi ozizira kwambiri ndi yonyowa, ndi bwino kugona pa gulu lake matabwa. Koma alinso ndi kuipa. M'kupita kwa nthawi, matabwa niivunda, ndi cinyama kuvulaza mapazi. Choncho n'kofunika kuti aziona boma la pansi. Ngakhale pali njira ina: pa pamalo dongo mbuzi kumva kwambiri. Small kukondera jenda sakuwupweteka, ndiye madzi onse kukhetsa mu chidebe, ndi paddock adzakhala youma ndi oyera.

Makoma bwino kukonza alumali lonse limene mbuzi kwambiri amakonda kugona, ndi mabedi ozizira adzapulumutsa kwa chimfine ndi kutukusira kwa udder lapansi.

A angapo mbuzi zokwanira 8 lalikulu mamita paddock, ndipo mu khola yopapatiza iwo asamuke ndi zovuta, ndipo zingabweretse kungasokoneze bwanji malita ambiri a mkaka patsiku amapereka mbuzi.

The zili mbuzi m'chilimwe

Mu chilimwe mbuzi zambiri kudya msipu. Si kokwanira kubweretsa mbuzi mu kudula, atamangidwa ku msomali matabwa kapena chitsulo ndi kusiya kwa tsiku popanda kuyang'aniridwa. Bwino bungwe odyetserako - chikole cha mkulu zokolola mkaka, zimadalira m'mene kwambiri mkaka mbuzi amapereka patsiku. Amazing, amaona pa ufulu kuyenda kuyang'aniridwa ndi mbusa, ndiye mphamvu udzakhala zambiri. Koma, pakalibe ngati mwayi kusintha malo kwa nthawi 2 3-4 patsiku kuthandiza zosoŵa za nyama chakudya Pet.

Pamene udzu m'munda ndi muyeso wa mbuzi ayenera kumwa nthawi osachepera 3 masana. Ngati izo siziri zokwanira kudya madzi, ndiye si koyenera kusangalala. Kumwa mbuzi ku ziwiya oyera, chifukwa capricious woyera kwambiri ndi squeamish ndipo sizisowa kukhudza ndowa zauve. Ngati mbuzi ochepa, ena "madona" amakana kumwa mbale chomwecho, ndiye muli ndi kusamalira wina chidebe. Madzi ayenera kukhala ozizira kwambiri, ndi chokondweretsa, ngati 10-15 madigiri.

stabling

Ndi isanayambike mbuzi ozizira atatembenuzidwa stabling okhazikika mpaka masika. Panthawi imeneyi, zamitundumitundu ndi thanzi kudya n'kofunika kwambiri kuti tidzakhale ndi mkaka wa m'mawere ndi kubadwa kwa mwana wathanzi.

chakudya yowutsa mudyo si kuchotsedwa zakudya ndi mitundu yonse ya zinyalala, coarse ndipo ankaganiza chakudya.

Tethering mbuzi khola la Sikuti, ndi pansi kukhala ofunda bedi la udzu. Pa masiku dzuwa, mukhoza kulola mbuzi mu bwalo, pa ola 4. Ngati pali pang'ono chisanu, ndiye 2:00 chikukwanira.

Chabwino, ngati kutentha mpweya mu khola, kumene overwinter mbuzi adzakhala zabwino, monga mu chipinda yozizira koopsa akhoza kukhala chofuna udder, kupatula ozizira amachepetsa ntchito zingati tsiku mbuzi amapereka mkaka. Makamaka udzafunidwa kutentha "mlendo". Mu mbuzi, kunja kwa Europe, palibe undercoat, kotero muyenera kuganizira Mbali imeneyi ndi kufunafuna kulenga zinthu zimene zigwirizana pamodzi ndi zokolola mkulu ndi moyo nyama.

yowutsa mudyo chakudya

Mu kumaliseche kwa wakudya zikuphatikizapo masamba ndi mbewu muzu wamkulu m'munda: kaloti, Beets, kabichi, mbatata, dzungu, zukini, atitchoku. Kuchuluka kwa ntchito zawo chifukwa chakuti amene amapereka zokolola mbuzi mkaka patsiku. Masamba bwinobwino kuchapa ndi finely kudula, pa mutu pa tsiku wapatsidwa 500-700 ga Makamaka zino chionekera Beets shuga ku mowa wake kwambiri akhoza bloating, nayonso mphamvu mu matumbo, m'mimba angayambe.

moyikirapo chakudya

Ndi chakudya kuikapo maganizo monga Mapila, balere, chinangwa ndi zakudya za nyama. Mapila ndi balere ali mu mawonekedwe wophwanyidwa.

Chinangwa akudyetsedwa monga phala ndi. Iwo ali zambiri zomanga thupi, choncho m'pofunika kuti kuchepetsa ndi chakudya zinyalala. Kukonza mbatata, Beets, kaloti, ndipo muyenera mchere Kusakaniza ndi chinangwa. Awonjezedwa mavitamini kwa patsogolo pa fupa chakudya ndi choko.

Chakudya mavitamini ndi mchere. Mbuzi angagwiritsidwe ntchito zosakaniza michere kuti ndinazolowera kwa mbalame. Iwo ndi zotsatira zabwino pa chitukuko akalandire chithandizo cha mbewu, umoyo ndi chitetezo cha m'thupi la nyama ndi, kumene, pa momwe malita a mkaka ambiri mbuzi amapereka masana. Mu nthawi ya khola nyama umanyeketsa kuti makilogalamu 300.

roughage

Chifukwa cha mphamvu ya nyama zokhala-hoofed m'nthawi yozizira - msipu. Makamaka anayamikira chakudya youma ndi zimayambira zonyalazo udzu, nyemba ndi mbewu monga chimanga. Udzu sayenera overdried, preform chinyezi wabwino pafupifupi 17%. Ndi mmodzi mwa atatu zakudya okwana mbuzi m'nyengo yozizira, ndi kokwanira patsiku kwa 2 kg, koma ngati nyama zazikulu, kapena lactating, mlingo akhoza ziwonjezeke kwa makilogalamu 2.5.

Mphasa mbuzi amakonda dzinthu masika, nyemba, mphodza, mtola, nyemba. Koma umatheka mbewu yozizira mbuzi kudya monyinyirika.

Kuonjezera phindu zakudya udzu, ndiponso dzi palatability, ndi nthaka ndi sprayed ndi madzi ofunda mchere (10 L wa 50 g mchere). Ndiye, anali mu bokosi matabwa maola 16-18, anawonjezera limafotokoza ndi mizu. mbuzi Izi mankhwala kudya ndi zosangalatsa, koma nthawi yotsatira kusiya zisamatero, akhoza kupita zoipa.

Kutikonda kwambiri wa mbuzi ndi nthambi zakudya Komanso, kwambiri kumawonjezera zokolola kwambiri zimakhudza mmene mkaka mbuzi amapereka tsiku zimakhala zosiyanasiyana chidwi mchere. Yambani kutolera nthambi kuyambira chiyambi cha chilimwe. nthambi yabwino msondodzi, linden, popula, birch, hikore, phulusa, Elm, phiri phulusa. Nthambi osati thicker kuposa masentimita 1 ndi kutalika mamita awiri ndi zosadzira mitengo kudula vyalyat maola angapo padzuwa kwa kupoletsa m'menemo vitamini D. kenako n'kupachikidwa pansi pa denga kapena chinachake, ndi zouma kwa masabata 2. Ndiye zakhala zikuzunza m'miyoyo mizere mu zigawo angapo.

Mu khola nthawi mbuzi angapereke matsache 5 tsiku, koma birch kupereka zingapo zochepa, akhoza imfayo kutupa impso. mbuzi imodzi kwa dzinja osachepera chofunika 100 matsache.

Ngati simungathe kukonza matsache chilimwe, zinthu angapulumutse nthambi woonda 4 mamilimita wandiweyani. Mbuzi kudya ndi zosangalatsa kwa zidutswa 40 panthawi. Iwo ali olemera mu mavitamini, iwo zambiri chlorophyll. Nthambi mukhoza kuyamba kudula mu November mpaka masika.

Mbuzi kudyetsa masamba wagwa ntchito, izo lofotokozabe mavitamini, ndi iwo ali zakudya mtengo wokwanira. Angatenge masamba pamodzi kouma, namkulunga, mu masikono, zouma ndi kuyeretsedwa mwa dothi.

Zoyerekeza zakudya tsiku

Ngati chilimwe mbuzi makamaka zimalimbikitsa mu msipu, ndi wobiriwira zobiriwira udzu pafupifupi chimakwirira kufunika zakudya, mu nthawi ya stabling molondola bungwe kudya n'chofunikira yaikulu. Ndipotu, zodyetsedwa bwino nyama konse zii kukhala kusangalala ndi chakudya chamagulu kudzakuthandizani kukhala ndi thanzi lake ndi mbadwa tsogolo adzabadwa amphamvu ndipo anayamba. Plus izo kumakhudza zabwino mmene tsiku mbuzi amapereka mkaka.

M'mawa mbuzi ndi bwino kuganizira - 150 ga kapena pang'ono kwa nyama zazikulu ndi theka kilo mbewu muzu mutu.

Masana njala kuzimitsira udzu, nkhata kapena masamba.

Madzulo, yofanana chakudya wambiri, monga m'mawa. Ndipo zambiri udzu usiku.

Ngati mulibe kutsatira malamulo a kudya, ng'ombe angathe rickets ndi beriberi.

Kodi kuonjezera kupanga mkaka

Ndi angati maola mbuzi amapereka mkaka? kuchuluka zimadalira zinthu zingapo. Izi chinthu cholowa, zinthu, kudya, mbuzi zaka, chiwerengero cha milkings patsiku ndi nthawi ya mkaka wa m'mawere. Ena a iwo amadalira khamu: iwo chifukwa cha chibadwa, koma pali zifukwa zimene munthu akhoza kwambiri bwanji. achikhalire lamanja la amayesetsa kuthandiza mbuzi kufika zipatso kuthekera kwathuthu kwawo.

1. Pamene mwabadwanso mbuzi, mbuzi zofunika razdaivat: pafupipafupi milking nthawi 4 tsiku, kutikita ndi udder kumapangitsa Kuwonjezera mkaka, kumawonjezera magazi, omwe ndithu zimakhudza khalidwe la mankhwala.
2. Kwambiri pa kuchuluka kwa mkaka angadwale mlingo wa chakudya kulimbikira. Koma apa sibwino kuti overdo izo, apo ayi mukhoza kuvulaza nyama.
3. Mkaka amachokera zowonjezera wolemera, makamaka dzungu, maapulo, muzu masamba.
4. obereketsa odziwa amavomereza kudyetsa mbuzi turnips: lili ndi chuma lactiferous. Izo ziyenera kuwonjezeredwa ku phala la.
5. Nthambi za mitengo kusiyanitsa zakudya, iwo ali kufufuza zinthu ndi mavitamini.
6. Nthawi zina akusowa matenda - chifukwa cha kuchepetsa kupanga mkaka Choncho, makamaka m'nyengo yozizira kwenikweni tiyenera kuphatikiza mavitamini chakudya.
7. Pa masiku angati mwa mbuzi amapereka mkaka, zimakhudza kuchuluka kwa madzi aledzera ndi izo, kukana nyama zimenezi sangakhale otentha chilimwe tsiku kapena kuzizira kwambiri. Ena eni mosamala kupereka ankakonda madzi awo ndi decoction zitsamba, mandimu, tiyi zonse kapena Kombucha. Iwo zaparivayut ochepa zipatso kapena phiri phulusa viburnum, zipatso zouma. vodichku mbuzi amenewa kumwa ndi kusangalala kwambiri, koma kukatenga chiyenera kukhalira, motero kukoma nyama.

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Kodi mkaka mbuzi

Mmene kukonza adzakhala bungwe milking zimadalira m'mene malita a mkaka ambiri mbuzi amapereka tsiku. Ena amati kuyamba massaging ndi kukhala udder mbuzi mwezi pamaso yobereka, koma ndi kulakwa. Udder kuyabwa akhoza kuyambitsa padera, kenako achinyamata adzataika.

Ndikwabwino kuyambitsa kutikita ola pambuyo calving, kukama mkaka, ndiye ubwino zidzaonekera kwa izo. Pambuyo mbuzi anabereka ana ayenera yomweyo zokha, kapena kenako chiberekero sangathe tiyeni gulu kuti udder lapansi.

Kwa chinyama anaima modekha pamaso pa muyenera kuika mbale ndi madzi ndi kuponya zidutswa za mkate, zipatso zouma maapulo sliced. The udder n'kofunika kusamba ndi madzi ofunda, misozi youma ndi chopukutira ndi kutikita pa gawo. Ndiye adzazungulire nipple ndi zala zanu, Finyani ndi kukagwetsa kutsetsereka zoyenda kufinya mkaka. The kwapang'onopang'ono ayenera kugwa mu ndowa, monga iwo sali wosabala.

The udder m'pofunika kuti akhuthule kwathunthu chifukwa cha otsala mkaka mmenemo angayambe mastitis. Komanso mmoyo kuwonjezeka mkaka wa m'mawere: ndi udder kanthu amadzaza msanga.

Ngati mbuzi, mbuzi, ndipo iye anaonekera kwa nthawi yoyamba, ndiye kovuta mkaka. Iye akadali samamvetsa kwa izo akufuna, ndipo mafunde a zomverera latsopano. makina si aliyense, choncho m'pofunika angagwirizanitse yochepa zana chala, kuti kumupatsa azichitira ankakonda kapena phala chokoma. Chabwino, ngati inu kuthandiza munthu banja, gwirani Pat ndi ululu. A woleza - ndi namwino wako ntchito ndondomeko, muzigwira modekha.

Mwamwayi kugula mbuzi ndi chibadwa bwino, bwino kusamalira ake, mwini otsimikiza udzakhala wokwanira kupezera banja lonse ndi mankhwala apamwamba mkaka, komanso kubweretsa ndalama zambiri ndithu mmene malita ambiri a mkaka mbuzi amapereka tsiku.