Nature Area zipululu: mapangidwe ndi malongosoledwe a nyengo

mawu amodzi okha "chipululu" chimatichimwitsa mayanjano zogwirizana. danga, chifukwa pafupifupi mwathunthu lopanda zomera, zinyama ndi zenizeni kwambiri, ndipo ili mu zone ya mphepo yamphamvu kwambiri ndi yamvula. M'chipululu m'dera - pafupifupi 20% ya dziko lathuli. Ndipo mwa iwo muli osati mchenga, koma chisanu, mvula ndi ena ambiri. Chabwino, tayang'anani pa kwambiri malo zachilengedwezi.

ndi m'chipululu Kodi

Mawu amenewa limafanana ndi mtunda mosabisa, amene ali yunifolomu mtundu. The zomera pano pafupifupi kwathunthu kwina, ndi zinyama ali ndi khalidwe wapadera kwambiri. Relief chipululu malo - ndi gawo lalikulu, ndipo ambiri mwa ili mu mabacteria otentha a kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi. Chipululu malo ndipo ali mbali yaing'ono ya America South ndipo ambiri Australia. Pakati mbali zake, kupatula zigwa ndi zitunda zathyathyathya umatchedwanso mtsempha wamagazi louma mitsinje kapena akasinja kutsekedwa, amene poyamba angakhale nyanja. Komanso dzasiya zone - malo mvula yochepa kwambiri kugwa. Nthawi zambiri, ndi kwa 200 mm pa chaka, ndi m'madera makamaka youma ndi yotentha - 50 mm. Pali ngakhale kumadera chipululu, kumene mvula asagwe patangopita zaka khumi.

Nyama ndi zomera

M'chipululu Nature Area amakhala ndi zomera ochepa kwathunthu. Nthawi zina mtunda umene kugona pakati pa tchire kufika makilomita m'litali. Akuluakulu oimira zomera mu zone masoka - ndi zomera zaminga, ochepa amene amadziwa kuti ife wobiriwira masamba. Nyama zimene zimakhala pa mayiko amenewa - ndi nyama losavuta kapena kuti zangochitika kuti ankayendayenda pano zokwawa ndi zokwawa. Ngati tikulankhula m'chipululu achisanu, amakhala nyama kulekerera otsika kutentha chabe.

akalozera nyengo

Kuyamba, tiona kuti Geological zone ake dongosolo chipululu palibe wosiyana, nkuti, dera lathyathyathya ku Europe kapena Russia. Ndipo monga nkhanza nyengo amene gwero lake, anapanga chifukwa mphepo malonda - mphepo, ndiwo khalidwe la M'madera a zitunda otentha. Iwo kwenikweni kumwazikana mitambo pa m'deralo, osalola kuti kuthirira m'dambo dziko. Kotero, kumvetsa zone nyengo chipululu - chigawo ndi kusintha mofulumira kwambiri kutentha. Masana chifukwa cha dzuwa kuno akhoza kukhala mochuluka monga 50 madigiri Celsius ndi usiku thermometer adzaleka msinkhu wa ana asanu. M'zipululu, amene kugona mu mabacteria kwambiri kumpoto (zolimbitsa ndi Arctic) kusinthasintha diurnal kutentha ndi a chithunzi chomwecho - madigiri 30-40. Koma apa masana mpweya ndi mkangano pansi, ndipo usiku akamazizira pansi kwa -50.

Zone theka chipululu ndi chipululu: kusiyana ndi kufanana

Mu M'madera a zitunda kotentha ndi subtropical m'chipululu aliyense nthawi zonse atazunguliridwa ndi theka chipululu. Izi malo achilengedwe, kumene kulibe nkhalango, mitengo wamtali ndi conifers. Onse amene ali - ndi lathyathyathya mtunda, kapena yachonde, amene yokutidwa ndi udzu ndi zitsamba, wodzichepetsa kwa nyengo. Mbali khalidwe la theka-louma si, ndipo, mosiyana nthando, chinawonjezeka osakhalitsa. Chamvula, amene imagwera pa lamba, zokwanira ndi moyo wanthawi kunachitika nyama iliyonse apa. Mu Chigawo cha kum'mawa, nthawi zambiri amatchedwa steppes theka chipululu. Ndi lalikulu m'chigwa malo, kumene inu mukhoza zambiri zomera wokongola kwambiri ndi kuona malo osiyanasiyana ochititsa chidwi. M'maiko kumadzulo, malowa amatchedwa kuti savannah lapansi. paradaiso nyengo osiyana kwa steppe, pali mphepo zonse amphamvu kuwomba, ndipo mbewu zochepa kwambiri.

Wotchuka otentha m'chipululu dziko

Zone otentha m'chipululu kwenikweni ukugawa dziko lathuli pawiri - kumpoto ndi kum'mwera. Ambiri a iwo imagwera pa kum'mawa kwa dziko lapansi, ndi pang'ono a iwo kumadzulo. Tsopano ife tione zinthu wotchuka kwambiri ndi wokongola ngati Earth. Shuga - chipululu chachikulu cha dziko lapansi, amene ali lonse la Africa North, ndi zambiri za m'mayiko a ku Middle East. Am'deralo izo lagawidwa ya "podpustyn" Pakati wotchuka White. Ndi ku Iguputo, ndipo anatchuka chifukwa mchenga wake woyera ndipo madipoziti yaikulu ya laimu. Pamodzi ndi mu dziko lino, pali Black. Ndiye wothira mchenga mwala khalidwe mtundu. Red linafalitsidwa kwambiri thambo la mchenga - cholowa cha Australia. Pakati pawo, malo lofunika kwa otchedwa Simpson, kumene mukhoza kukumana apamwamba mchenga milu pa dziko lapansi.

Arctic chipululu

Nature Area, limene lili pa M'madera a zitunda kwambiri kumpoto kwa dzikoli, wotchedwa m'chipululu kozizira. mamembala ake monga onse a zilumba imene ili mu North Arctic Ocean, Gombe muyeso wa Greenland, Russia ndi Alaska. Chaka chonse oposa theka a m'dera zachilengedwezi aphimbidwa ndi oundana, chifukwa pali pafupifupi palibe zomera. Only pa gawo lomwe ukuonekera pamwamba m'chilimwe, kukula lichens, ndere. Pa zilumba mungapeze m'mphepete mwa nyanja algae. Mwa nyama, anthu otsatirawa zikupezeka m'mabuku amene'wa: kozizira nkhandwe, mphalapala, nkhandwe, zimbalangondo - mafumu a m'deralo. Pa Ocean tikuona nyama pinnipeds - zisindikizo, walruses, mikango nyanja. The mbalame ambiri pano amene ali mwina Arctic m'chipululu ndiyekhayo phokoso.

Arctic nyengo

Ice chipululu zone - kumene usiku kumalo ozizira ndi tsiku kumalo ozizira, amene angafanane ndi malingaliro a dzinja ndi chirimwe. Nyengo yozizira pano kumatenga pafupifupi 100 masiku, ndi zina zambiri. Mlengalenga kutentha limatuluka pamwamba madigiri 20, ndipo nthawi makamaka nkhanza chimachitika ndi -60. M'chaka kumwamba nthawi zonse yokutidwa ndi mitambo, mvula ndi chipale chofewa, ndipo pali evaporation zonse, potero kuwonjezeka chinyezi lapansi. Kutentha mu masiku dzinja lili pafupi 0. Monga mu zipululu mchenga kwa Arctic zonse kuwomba mphepo kuti apange mkuntho ndi mkuntho wa chisanu zoopsa.

Pomaliza

Padziko lathuli, pali nambala ya zipululu, amene amasiyana mchenga ndi chipale chofewa. mchere izi expanses Akatama ku Chile, kumene louma nyengo ya kukula pa gulu la maluwa. Zipululu angapezeke mu boma la Nevada, USA, kumene iwo alipo ndi maphompho wofiira, kupanga zenizeni malo okongola.