Mongolia zokopa. Ulan Bator: malo osangalatsa ndi zithunzi

Kuposa nthawi 20 likulu la Mongolia zinasintha malo ake mpaka anakakhala mumzinda wotchedwa mpweya ndi njanji chipata cha dziko. Ulaanbaatar, amene zokopa adzakhala mantha kwenikweni kwa alendo European, kuliganizira wapadera.

Ancient miyambo ndi modernity

Pamaso pa kugwa kwa Soviet Union, Mongolia kutsatira malamulo a zokomera onse, amene anakhudzidwa Kamangidwe mzinda. Ulaanbaatar - nazonso, kotero nyumba boma ndi chosiyana ndi anthu amene panali Soviet mabungwe chipani cha zigawo zina.

Pambuyo chiyambi cha perestroika m'dziko lathu mtundu Asian chinayamba m'njira zosiyanasiyana ndithu mukopedwe chitukuko cha zokopa alendo, amene wakhala masiku ano gwero kwambiri ndalama.

mzinda A wolemera mu chikhalidwe, anakhazikitsidwa mu 1639 monga mmodzi wa waukulu Chibuda mchitidwe umenewu. Iye Chili miyambo yakale ndi zaluso wamakono: kuchuluka kwa nyumba zosanja zitalizitali pakati pa mzinda ndi chihema unsightly pa mzinda wake, ndi m'misewu lonse ndi magalimoto chonyezimira akunja atakwera okwera pa kavalo.

Likulu la Mongolia zokondwa asatambira onse amene akufuna panokha kuona mmene ndalama woyenera maiko awiri osiyana.

mausoleum

zaka zambirimbiri zapitazo, aliyense amene anabwera kwa Ulan Bator (Mongolia), kuona sipangakhalenso anafika kwa nthawi yaitali, anafika Mausoleum, Moscow akuti ndi buku. Pali anapuma thupi Sukhbaatar - mtsogoleri wa ulimi wa 1921 ndi mtsogoleri wandale Choibalsan. zaka khumi zapitazo, makonsolo wasankha pa reburial awo. Ochimwa unachitikira ndi nawo atsogoleri Chibuda mu miyambo yonse miyambo ya chipembedzo.

The nyumba yaikulu anali anagwetsa, koma m'malo pa malo anamangidwira chipilala kuti Genghis Khan.

obisika Gandantekchinling

Pambuyo pa kusintha Mongolia anawonongedwa mchitidwe umenewu ambiri achibuda ndi akachisi ankaziona otsala chuma cha boma. Tsopano zotsalira kupulumuka anabwerera atsogoleri achipembedzo, ndi ena a iwo ayenera kukumana.

Great kufunika chikhalidwe ndi wotchuka malo achipembedzo. Ulaanbaatar monyadira malo weniweni wauzimu anayamba ntchito cha m'ma XIX. Pa kupondereza zinali chatsekedwa, ndipo pambuyo anatsegula zitseko zake alendo, anakhala dziko la mpingo opaleshoni mpaka 1990.

Padangokhala munkakhala 14 zikwi Chimonko, tsopano - 150 anyamata. Dera yaikulu mwala ndi mitengo ya agulupa zovuta ndi akachisi, ndipo mu 1970 anatsegula pano University Chibuda. Guide Gandantekchinling amasamala za kukhalabe maphunziro achipembedzo ndi mwamphamvu umakuchirikiza.

Chimakopa amwendamnjira fano

Kachisi, chimodzi mwa zinthu zokongola kwambiri kamangidwe, amakopa ambiri okhulupirika kuti ndi golide fano la Avalokiteshvara (mwiniwake wa kuzunzika kopanda mapeto) anamangidwa pa ndalama zopereka.

Obisika ndipo ili mmenemo chithunzi Mulungu - osati kokha chifukwa chidwi la alendo zokopa.

Ulan Bator. obisika Manshir

Mu 1733, chodabwitsa zovuta achipembedzo unakhazikitsidwa mu chigwa cha Bogd Khan, womwenso 20 mipingo. Chifukwa chakuti ndi pafupi ndi malo osungirako mu malo kwabasi kwambiri, anapita ndi chiwerengero chachikulu cha anthu pa nthawi yomweyo kusangalala ndi maganizo achilengedwe.

Mwatsoka, apo panali mmodzi yekha kugwira ntchito kachisi anamanganso mu 30 ntchentche Mu zaka zapitazo. Ancient phompho kuseri kwa icho anafotokoza momveka achipembedzo, ndipo mu gawo la obisika pali ambiri Buddha ziboliboli.

Awo-Bogd-Uul

Odziwika onse pa dziko ndi zokopa chilengedwe cha mzinda. Mu Ulaanbaatar, alendo amakonda kukhala yekha ndi otchuka phiri dongosolo Khentei, makamaka kuona wotchuka Ikh Bogd-Uul ili kum'mwera kwa likulu.

Mu mbiri yakale pali kutchula chakuti pano anapuma Genghis Khan ndi asilikali ake kunkhondo. Iwo ankakhulupirira kuti wapanga malowa kusamala ndi kuwaletsa kudula nkhalango ndi Ulenje. UNESCO alembedwa mndandanda wa cholowa m'phiri amakhudza kukongola wapadera ndi kuteteza malo amapereka muzikhala ndi kukumbukira wosaiwalika.

Mountain Uushgiyn-Uul

Zopindulitsa kwa anthu am'deralo ndi lomwe lili likulu la Mongolia zowoneka wopatulika. Ulaanbaatar allocates ndalama kuthandiza mudzi Mourin kusunga kwa mibadwo chitunda manda, amene ankaona manda wamkulu.

Anakhala zaka zingapo zapitazo mafuko a abusa m'dera anasiya manda amalembedwa otchedwa "nswala" miyala. Iwo ofukula boulders kuti mamita asanu, ndipo TACHIMATA runami zithunzi gwape.

Sizikudziwika zipangizo ntchito ndi mafuko wakale, koma kudziwa molondola ndi luso la chosema pa m'nthawi mwala modzidzimutsa.

National Park Gorkhi-Terelj

Amazipanga likulu kwabasi zowoneka kutetezedwa. Ulan Bator - mudzi kuti amasamala za chilengedwe ndi kulenga malo osungirako zachilengedwe zosangalatsa panja. Wotchuka kwambiri m'dera zachilengedwe ndi Gorkhi-Terelj National Park, amene ankaona malo okongola kwambiri mu dziko. M'zaka za m'ma otsiriza m'gawo lake ncho miyala theka amtengo wapatali, ndi anthu onse a Mongolia wotchuka anapeza wautsi khwatsi, masekeli makilogalamu oposa asanu.

Osafikiridwa chikhalidwe, emarodi zigwa chodabwitsa thanthwe formations, mitsinje phiri, nkhalango moti mpweya wabwino - zonsezi amakopa anthu am'deralo ndi alendo Mongolia, chodetsa zokongola zodabwitsa.

nyanja Hovsgol

Waukulu nyanja dziko - Hovsgol, omwe kaŵirikaŵiri poyerekeza ndi nyanja ya Baikal: pali chimodzimodzi madzi abwino ntchito mu mawonekedwe yaiwisi. Pafupifupi mamiliyoni asanu zapitazo malowa anali kuphulika yogwira, ndipo pambuyo adatuluka chimphona Chigwa panali dziwe ndi loonekeratu madzi.

Kuwonjezera pa nyanja wapadera, malingaliro a alendo kuoneka zilumba zitatu, chikugwirizana, malinga ndi mbiri, mwambo shamanic, ndipo lachinayi zaposachedwapa Inabuka kupompho.

Popeza 1992, nyanja ndi gawo pafupi ndi gawo la Park National (Ulaanbaatar). Zokopa, amene anapereka mu pepala chithunzi, kuti tiganize za ukulu wa chilengedwe amene analenga kukongola koteroko. Patapita phokoso utsi ndi wowonongeka mzinda makina izi chitsime chete lidzakhala dalitso kwa anthu ndatopa amangokhala ali pikitipikiti anthu.

Buddha Park

Mongolian amaona za chipembedzo ndi chikhalidwe cholowa, kulenga malo apadera ndi nkhawa kulondera cholinga chake. Ulan Bator wakhala kumene kanthu kwa Nduna ya Nature ndi Korea Hambo Lama mu 2006 anayambitsa bungwe la International Buddha Park pafupi Zaisan Hill, amene okonzeka ndi malo wakhala ndi malo osewerera ndi cafe.

Pakati pa paki kumanga 18-mita fano la mwana wamng'ono Buddha, opangidwa ndi nsalu yulayta chotchuka kwambiri mu Korea South. Ndi kugonjetsedwa ndi zochitika zonse za chilengedwe, sidzatenga zikusintha mtundu kamodzi pa zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri. Pa mbali ya fanolo ndi mkuwa belu ndi ng'oma dziko. Ndipo m'munsi mwa anaika maluwa zamaluwa ndi chizindikiro cha Mongolia - mbalame Khangarid FC. Am'deralo ndi alendo ofanana chikondi malowa, omwe anakhala wotchuka kwambiri tchuthi kopita.

bogdyhana Palace

Chochititsa chidwi kwa alendo a mzinda kuwauza za kuona akale. Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia imatengedwa ngale, amadziwika zovuta nyumba yachifumu, anazindikira mbiri chipilala.

Bogdyhana nyumba inamangidwa mu m'ma XIX kwa mfumu m'dziko limodzi ndi. "Abereka Woyera," analamulira Mongolia pa ntchito Chinese ndi mutu wa dziko asanayambe kulowa ake mu bloc Soviet. Pambuyo 1924, zovuta anakhala kowonera zakale. Ndani wotchuka kwambiri ndipo anapita chipilala m'mbiri, umene lagawidwa amachepetsa awiri: chilimwe nyumba kalembedwe Chinese ndi m'nyengo yozizira. Iwo kusunga zikwi zisanu ndi zitatu zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho zokhudzana ndi moyo ndi ntchito bogdyhana.

chilimwe Palace

kusintha ayenera wapangidwa asanu akachisi yachifumu zowoneka. Mu Ulan Bator, alendo amabwera kuchokera konsekonse mu dziko amasirira nyumba zakale, chokongoletsedwa ndi zithunzi za nyama nthano ndi milungu.

m'nyengo yozizira

Kwenikweni buffs mbiri yozizira yachifumu, anamanga pa ntchitoyo, anapereka mwa Mongol wolamulira wa Mfumu Nicholas II. Fufuzani ziwiri storey nyumba chokongoletsedwa ndi mikango ndi chitsanzo openwork kumbuyo. Alendo ndi moni ophimba, amene anayendetsa Bogdyhan ndi mkazi wake, ndipo phiko linalo yurt aphimbidwa ndi zikopa kambuku.

Wopangidwa mwa zipinda angapo chipinda kudabwa zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho zachilendo. Mwachitsanzo, mphatso yochokera kwa Nicholas II - awiri otsala mipando, kufalitsa nyimbo wokongola, pamene iwo akhala pansi alendo.

Museum wa History of Mongolia likulu

Osanenapo waukulu owonetsera zakale mbiri likulu la Mongolia, kutsogolera nkhani za zokonda zake. Ulan Bator, chidwi malo omwe n'zovuta kulongosola nkhani ina, anapereka mu kufotokoza, kuwauza ife za masiku makedzana ndi pano.

Mbiri ya mzinda wakale kusungidwa mu pofukula zinthu zakale, zojambula, mabuku, zithunzi ndi makanema. zaka makumi anayi zapitazo nyumbayi inamangidwa ndi munthu Badmazhapova Buryat sankaona kuti kunali chipilala cha mamangidwe a dziko.

Kumene, m'nkhani yaing'ono sangathe kuthetsa zokopa ambiri onse Ulaanbaatar, chifukwa mzinda angatchedwe kowonera zakale kwenikweni, kumene zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho wapadera lolunjika luso, chikhalidwe, zomangamanga ndi chipembedzo. Mwina holide lonse sikokwanira kuti mum'dziŵe bwino aliyense wa iwo. N'chifukwa chake alendo ambiri kubwerera ku tauni kwabasi kupitiriza kukambirana.