Monga anafuulira mafilimu: zizindikiro mbiri ndi mfundo zosangalatsa

Today tikambirana mmene kupereka mawu mafilimu. Pamene talkies anadza? Kodi umisiri ntchito? Kodi chofunika n'chiyani kuti akonze phokoso khalidwe liti? Pa osati mu zinthu zina.

A mwachidule mbiri

Pa nthawi ya atayamba anthu amaziona m'mafilimu kuti luso kujambula kulira analipo. Chifukwa chaichi ife ntchito chipangizo wotchedwa galamafoni. Zoyesayesa woyamba pa kaphatikizidwe zithunzi kusunthira pa zenera ndi Audio anatengedwa zatsopano Thomas Edison kumbuyo mu 1894. Kuti Co-Mlembi ndi wachiwiri wake William Dixon atalenga filimu kanema, amene adawomba akuti: "Moni, Bambo Edison, ine ndikuyembekeza inu mukusangalala ndi deta ya mafilimu a kanema a?" Komabe, kuyambitsa sanapeze ntchito zake, chifukwa pa nthawi imeneyo kunali kovuta kuti akonze kujambula apamwamba ndendende synchronize ndi kanema.

Mfundo zofanana Edison, anayesa kuti ndi chenicheni cha French sewerolo Leon Gomon. Mu 1900, iye anatha synchronize ndi galamafoni otchedwa Lumière zida kuti anali ntchito kujambula video. Kuyambitsa komanso akhala chidwi ndi luso ndi mafilimu a kanema phokoso sanali zoyembekezeka kutuluka ngakhale zaka zambirimbiri.

Choyamba anafuulira mwa filimuyi

Mpaka mapeto a 30-ntchentche Mu zaka zapitazo, mafilimu onse anali "wosayankhula." Amaonetsa yekha m'chifanizo izi, amene anali limodzi ndi nyimbo. Kenako izo kupangidwa mwa dongosolo amatha kwambiri kapena zochepa khalidwe maloboti zomvetsera ndi kanema. Komabe, wopambana luso situdiyo anakumana ndi kusamala kwambiri. chifukwa panali kusafuna wa mabwana ndi zina makampani kopindulitsa ndalama pa oyamba oganiza lamba wake.

Otsutsa za chilengedwe cha mafilimu phokoso komanso anali zisudzo odziwika. Makamaka, comedian wotchuka Charlie Chaplin analankhula pa kukhazikitsa luso kupanga filimu monga njira kuti "aphe" mawu luso la akuchita ndi chikhumbokhumbo kuyesera kulenga. Komabe, mawu udakalipo kwa kuthekera kulenga zithunzi bwino Nkhani.

'Chete' filimu akupitiriza kusangalala bwino ndi omvera wodziika mpaka 1927, pamene zowonetsera anafika woyamba phokoso filimu mbiri. The kupenta, yakuti "Jazz woimba", anali limodzi ndi osati kuyimba, koma analinso dialogues watanthauzo kuti afanane nkhope ya zisudzo. Ngakhale kuti mu filimu pali mawu ena okha, tepi zayambitsa furor komanso anapereka chiyambi chabwino kutukula filimu phokoso.

phokoso luso kujambula

Mafilimu anafuulira? Mu masiku oyambirira a mafilimu a kanema ndi nkhani ya kukambirana kukhala Phonographic phokoso anakhalabe. M'mawu ena, panali filimu pa malo opaque, umene ntchito ku njanji audio. M'lifupi kusintha otsiriza, zochokera kunjenjemerako phokoso.

Apamwamba khalidwe "maginito" phokoso anaonekera mu 50s lapansi. umisiri anali kulenga Mzere zonyalazo okusayidi chitsulo pa filimu, imene phokoso zochita za mutu maginito, ofanana chojambulira matepi. Izi anatsegula kuthekera osati polemba kukambirana, komanso kuti akonze apamwamba zotsatira stereoscopic. Njira imeneyi kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito lero, ngakhale kuti akhoza kulenga digito audio.

Njira filimu kugoletsa

Ndipo tsopano mmene kulemba mawu akulankhula mafilimu. Pano, njira angagwiritsidwe ntchito imposition asanayambe kapena wotsatira wa angapo othandiza pa kanema. The njira choyamba yokonza phonograms isanayambe kuwombera. Choncho, kenako seŵero zinthu mogwirizana ndi zatsirizidwa kale nyimbo amene ankaimba kumbuyo pa Intaneti. njira yafalikira popanga filimu phokoso. Panopa amachita zimenezi, makamaka pamene mukumwa kuvina ndi nyimbo zithunzi, kulenga chuma TV.

Monga njira kwa kugoletsa wotsatira, apa, pamene inu mukhoza ndikulingalira pa tanthauzo kwambiri, ayamba chilengedwe cha soundtracks pambuyo akamaliza ntchito pa filimu. Kujambulitsa ndi njira izi zimachitika mu situdiyo kumene zisudzo kubereka phokoso zofunika, kuonera angoziwo nawo yake pa TV wapadera.

Kupanga zotsatira

Kulankhula mafilimu anafuulira, sitingathe kukhala pa zimenezo, kodi zotsatira za mabomba, nkhonya mphepo, mbalame zikuimba, ena. Zingatanthauze kuti njira yotsika mtengo kulenga iwo ntchito zida yadigito. Koma, oddly mokwanira, ngakhale synthesizers ano yabwino amatha kubereka ndi kuthyolako. Choncho, kanema ndiAmene musatisiye amoyo ndalama kwa gulu la apamwamba kujambula m'ziwawa. Kuti musadandaule za m'nyanja, akonzi ndi kupita ku nyanja. Kulemba akatswiri zomvetsera Bang akayaka dynamite timitengo kutchire. Ndipo inakwaniritsidwa pafupifupi onse obwera ntchito kokaonera mafilimu masiku ano.

Mu nkhokwe ya "Foley" ali osiyanasiyana njira muyezo umene n'zotheka kulenga ena zikumveka trudnovosproizvodimye. Ife sitikhala atchule mndandanda wonse wa zipangizo alipo. Ife kungotchulapo ochepa chabe:

• Mkokomo wa ziboda akavalo '- nkhonya amachepetsa kokonati pa pamwamba zovuta.
• The crunch fupa - kupsinja maikolofoni Magulu a udzu winawake kapena pasta.
• Masitepe mu chisanu - kufinya thumba pulasitiki wodzazidwa ndi wowuma.
• phokoso la nkhonya kumenya thupi pa nkhondo - kugogoda pa nyama ya nyama kapena vembe lapansi.
• luso kugunda - iwombela pa bokosi zitsulo wodzazidwa ndi zida.

Amene anafuulira mafilimu mu Russia?

Pokonzekera kuonetsa mafilimu zakunja cinemas zoweta ayamba njira dubbing. ndondomeko ndi ofanana, kenako sonication. kusiyana ndi kufunika kwa kusinthika kwa ndemanga ndi kuika mawu Russian, monga kutengera kayendedwe ka zisudzo ndi. Pa mwendo choyambirira phokoso njanji kwathunthu achotsa kenako m'malo ndi latsopano mawu ndi phokoso limodzi.

Ndipo amene anafuulira mafilimu ku Russian? Pokonza mafilimu, anafuna kuwonetsera pa zenera lonse, nthawi zambiri nawo zisudzo akatswiri amene analenga mawu-bwereza, chimene chimafuna zofanana articulation. Koma matepi opangidwa pa mbale ndi atolankhani ena thupi yosungirako, apa kufunika mafilimu anafuulira Goblin (Dmitriem Puchkovym) kapena ena odziwa amisiri a zofufuzafufuza dubbing. Zikatero, izo inakwaniritsidwa pa phokoso choyambirira amene mphamvu asowetsedwa penapake.

Kugoletsa mafilimu chamoyo

Polenga makanema ojambula achisangalalo Pre-kulemba audio. M'mawu ena, ndife okonzeka otchulidwa zojambula kuti kuonekera pamene mafano awo. Nthawi mawu ndi zotsatira phokoso analowa mu mapepala wapadera pambuyo kufotokoza miyezo waukuluwo. Zonsezi akulola kuchulukitsa kuwerengera zofunika chiwerengero cha zithunzi iikidwe kanema wa.

pomaliza

Choncho tidadzatulukira kupereka mawu mafilimu. Pa nthawi ina, zikamera wa luso wapereka kutsogolera kwambiri kuti pakhale mafilimu a kanema ndipo anapanga mtundu uwu wa luso ndi otchuka kwambiri m'dziko lapansi. Mwa njira, chifukwa chilengedwe cha phokoso filimu anaonekera latsopano, choyambirira Mfundo kuwombera, kuphatikizapo lonse ndi panolamiki.