Mikhail Friedman: MBIRI, ntchito, banja

Mikhail Fridman (anabadwa April 21, 1964) - yaikulu Russian bizinesi chiyambi Ayuda. Iye ali wapampando wa Bungwe La Supervisory a "Alfa-Gulu", lina la makampani waukulu payekha ndalama ku Russia. Mu 2014, "Forbes" magazini pafupifupi chuma chake pa $ biliyoni 15,6, Kudzaupanga chachiwiri pakati pa anthu olemera mu Russia. Kodi zikatero anafika Mikhail Fridman? Wambiri, banja limene iye anabadwa ndipo ndinakulira - chomwe chingathandize wowerenga kumvetsa chiyambi cha kupambana kwake panopa.

Childhood ndi unyamata

Wambiri Mihaila Fridmana anayamba, ngati mamiliyoni anyamata ena Soviet. Iye anabadwa ndi anakulira Lviv, Ukraine. Makolo ake, kale anthu achikulire, anali akatswiri, ndi atate anali kupereka USSR State Prize pa chitukuko cha zida navigation kwa ndege zankhondo. Anakondwa kwambiri pamene banja anabadwa mwana wamng'ono. Mikhail Fridman ubwana wolemekezeka changu cha sayansi. Pophunzira wake, iye mobwerezabwereza anapambana Olympiads sukulu mu sayansi ndi masamu.

Mu Lviv, Misha maphunziro a sekondale mu 1980. Ndiyeno - mu Moscow ... Iye analowa Moscow Institute of Zitsulo ndi kasakaniza wazitsulo. Zambiri zinachitika pa moyo wa anthu m'banja ophunzira kwambiri. Anagwa tsoka ili ndi Mikhail Fridman. Mkazi, Irkutyanka Olga anali mnzakeyo Michael.

Monga wophunzira, izo koyamba ndi entrepreneurial chingwe. Iye akukhala kulinganiza wa discos wachinyamata, kuiitana oimba ndi bards mu kupereka chithandizo chawo.

Anayamba ntchito bizinesi

Titamaliza mu 1986, MISA, Mikhail Fridman, anayamba kugwira ntchito pa mbewu "Elektrostal" mu mzinda eponymous pafupi Moscow. Koma anali kuyenda yake, pamene, Friedman sanaphonye nthawi yabwino.

Mu 1988, anayamba ntchito ndi kupanga gulu la abwenzi ku Institute of kuyeretsa mgwirizano, amene ankachita nawo kutsuka mawindo, kumene ntchito asukulu ku mayunivesite osiyana, kuwapatsa mwayi kupeza ndalama.

Kuyambapo "Alfa"

Pamodzi ndi German Khan, Alekseem Kuzmichevym ndi Petrom Avenom Mihail Fridman mu 1989 iye anayambitsa malonda olimba 'Alpha-chithunzi "omwe amagulitsa zipangizo kujambula, makompyuta, ndiye yekha anaonekera pa msika Soviet akadali copiers.

Posakhalitsa, likulu koyamba anapeza pa zida ofesi malonda, Friedman masiwichi kwa m'munsi kwa Russian oligarchs chofunika onse - mafuta. chida A othetsera iwo kunja ngwazi wathu ndi kampani Soviet-Swiss "Alfa-Eco" - ndi zinachitika zamtsogolo "Alfa Gulu".

chitukuko cha kampani akupitiriza chakale Russian likulu chiwembu: otaya katundu anatumiza kunja, anawonjezera katundu zitsulo, voliyumu ya wotuluka kubwera ku mlingo chotero kuti Friedmann dongosolo malonda mu 1991 apo eni "Alfa-Bank" amene gulu la oyang'anira iye ndi mitu.

The wamba a TNK - ntchito pachimake malonda, Friedman ndi K °

Ndipotu nkhani zimenezi ayenera kuphunzira osiyana. Koma mwachidule ndi motere. Mu 90s ndiye Russian boma "razdergivaet" kuti shreds boma anali "Rosneft" - wolowa mmalo mwa USSR Minneftegazproma. "Rosneft" zimatulutsa tidbits kwambiri kugwirizana ndi kupanga mafuta (ndi minda mafuta Nizhnevartovsk Tyumen) ndi kuyenga (Ryazan fakitale). Iwo ndi ogwirizana ndi kampani kumene analenga, amene akukhala Tyumen Mafuta Company (TNK), ndi ogwira ndiye boma akumeneko. Pomwepo analengezeratu wamba wachifundo ndi Makampani atatu - pofunsira kwa TNCs, yemwe walunjika ndi lapadera "Russian" amalonda a nthawi: Mikhail Fridman ( "Alfa Gulu"), V. Vekselberg ( "Renova") ndi L. Blavatnik (Access Malawi). Kukhala kosavuta kucheza ndi mzake m'kati mwa anthu wamba, ndi ogwirizana ndi Consortium Alfa Access Renova (AAR), amene akukhala mu 1997, mwini wake wa zaka TNK sikisitini.

Tyumen Mafuta Company: kuthamangathamanga zaka 16 m'litali

Panthawi imeneyi, eni ambiri naprinimali "fateful" zothetsera. Choyamba, mu 2003, teamed ndi neftekorporatsiey "British Mafuta", "TNK-BP" mu dongosolo limodzi kenako mu 2008 mpaka imfa anakangana ndi zibwenzi British, kotero kuti ngakhale kukangana "kutsimikiza" Khoti High ku London.

Pomaliza, utsogoleri Russian chikuonekera kuti mavuto azachuma padziko lonse ndi ntchito za eni, "TNK-BP" sadzatero, ndipo mu 2013 chomwecho boma akumeneko kampani "Rosneft" ogulidwa kuchokera ku British ndi Russian eni magawo awo mu kuleza ntchito. Palibe aliyense amene adzanene Russia, koma mu 1997 analipira boma la Russia kuti wamba a TNK Friedman - Vekselberg - Blavatnik. Koma apa pali m'mene kulipira ndi kugula "Rosneft" mu 2012-13, ziri zodziwika bwino :. British anatenga $ biliyoni 16,65, ndi AAR Consortium - monga mmene $ biliyoni 27,73, ngakhale kuti anzanga anali pafupifupi 50% ya kampani pamodzi.

Kodi kugawira ndalama pakati pawo Friedman - Vekselberg - Blavatnik palibe amene akudziwa. Koma kuweruza chifukwa chakuti woyamba wa iwo pa anapeza kuchokera malonda ku Ulaya anayambitsa latsopano malonda - ndalama gulu «L1 Gulu" iye sanakhale mu woluza lapansi.

Kodi ntchito ufumu Friedman lero?

Choyamba, izi ndalama gulu, amene tsopano akulamulira "Alfa-Bank" (Russia yaikulu banki payekha), kuphatikizapo nyumba ngati bizinesi ngati Alfa Capital Management, "Rosvodokanal", "Alpha Insurance" ndi A1 Group. Gulu mwini ntchito mafoni «MegaFon" ndi "VimpelCom", MASITOLO OGULITSA CIMODZI CIMODZI unyolo "Pyaterochka" ndi "zofunika."

Komanso, Mikhail Fridman ndi wapampando wa «L1 Gulu", ndi likulu ku Luxembourg. Malonda gulu lonse ndalama lolunjika pa katundu ndi kutumiza mauthenga ndi gawo la mphamvu. Pamafunikanso zigawo ziwiri zazikulu. «L1 Energy» ndi «L1 matekinoloje" Friedman ndi membala wa Bungwe La Supervisory a Deutsche DEA AG Erdoel, Hamburg, anagula «L1 amphamvu" mu 2015.

Mwa njira, bodi «L1 Gulu" tichipeza anzanga - anzake Friedman, amene anayamba mu mochedwa '80s: Kuzmichev, Khan ndi P. Aven - kale Minister Gaidar boma la Russia.

Kugula katundu mu Nyanja North

Mu March 2015 «L1 Gulu" Bukulo German mafuta kampani RWE DEA zoposa £ 5 biliyoni. Iwo mwini 12 yogwira minda mafuta ndi mpweya mu Nyanja North ndi minda mafuta mu malo ena. Zambiri akweza ankakana boma la British, amene amaona kuti zikusiyana ziletso zoletsa ndi makampani Russian mogwirizana ndi zochitika mu Ukraine. «L1 Gulu" akufuna kukhazikitsa kampani latsopano kuyamba kupanga pa minda yatsopano mafuta, kutsogozedwa ndi mkulu wakale wa "BP" Ambuye Browne.

4 pa March 2015, Nduna kwa Mphamvu ndi kusintha kwa nyengo Mkonzi Deyvi British anapereka Friedman nthawi ya mlungu umodzi kuti zimenezi zikathandiza boma UK sanakakamize iye kugulitsa anapeza North Sea mafuta ndi gasi chuma. Mapeto kwa nkhani ino, panobe osadziwika, koma anapatsidwa zinachitikira ndi pothana wa Mikhail Fridman mu njira malonda, dziwani kuti adzapeza njira nthawi ino.

ntchito Panja ku mabungwe Ayuda

Friedman - yolimbikira kutsatira za njira Ayuda ku Russia ndi m'mayiko ena ku Ulaya. Mu 1996 iye anali mmodzi wa amene adayambitsa wa Ayuda Congress Russian, tsopano - membala wa Presidium wa RJC. Iye amapanga chopereka chachikulu ntchito ya Fund European Ayuda, bungwe osapindulitsa umalimbana chitukuko cha European Yudeya ndi Kukwezeleza kulolerana ndi chiyanjano pa dziko lapansi.

Friedman, pamodzi ndi Stan Polovtsov ndi anzake atatu, Russian Ayuda billionaire Alexander Knaster, Petrom Avenom ndi German Khan, anayambitsa "Genesis Gulu" amene cholinga chake ndi chitukuko ndi kusintha Pawokha Ayuda pakati pa Ayuda onse padziko lonse lapansi. Chaka mphoto "Genesis Gulu" amaitcha kuti opambana amene afika ungwiro ndi kutchuka mayiko ku chimake cha khalidwe la Ayuda mwa kudzipereka ndi mfundo dziko.

Pa mwambo wa mphoto yoyamba pachaka Yerusalemu mu 2014, Friedman anauza omvera kuti cholinga kuuzira mbadwo watsopano wa Ayuda chitsanzo cha zinthu zazikulu akatswiri a laureates ndi zopereka zawo ndi chikhalidwe anthu ndi kudzipereka kuti mfundo Ayuda.

Memberships ndi zochitika mu nyumba mayiko Russian pagulu

Kuyambira mu 2005, Friedman ndi Russian nthumwi pa Council pa Relations okhonda - sanali phindu US bungwe umene umabweretsa pamodzi nthumwi za kukhazikitsidwa dziko, amene cholinga ndi kufalitsa Baibulo American wa demokalase padziko lonse.

Friedman ndi membala wa mabungwe ambiri Russian omwe si a boma, kuphatikizapo Komiti Public la Russia, ndi bodi a Russian Union of Industrialists ndi amalonda ndi Council National pa kayendetsedwe Corporate.

Iye ndi othandiza yogwira ya National zolembalemba Prize "Big Book" ndi gulu membala wa "Center kwa Support mabuku Russian" n'kumaona pa kukhazikitsa ndondomeko chikhalidwe, Kukwezeleza zolinga za umunthu ndi kulemekeza mfundo za chikhalidwe Russian.

Mikhail Fridman: chikondi

Ndi mkazi wake woyamba, Olga, iye analekana nthawi yaitali, zaka zoposa 10 zapitazo. Kodi ana ambiri amachita Michael Friedman? Ana ku ukwati wake woyamba - aakazi awiri: Catherine (1998 p.) Ndipo Laura (1995 p.). Atsikana anabadwa ndipo anakhala ndi mayi ake Paris, kumeneko ndi maphunziro American. Kwathunthu kupereka Mkazi ndi ana aakazi a moyo wofewa, Friedman yekha ndi pafupifupi asanaonane.

Bwanji tsopano, akuwoneka Mikhail Fridman banja? Kwa zaka zingapo anakhala m'banja aboma ndi wantchito lakale "Alfa-Bank" Oksana Ozhelskoy. Malinga ndi malipoti ena, iwonso ndi ana awiri.